scholarly journals PRETREATMENT WITH LIGNOCAINE

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 633-637
Author(s):  
MOBEEN IKRAM ◽  
MUHAMMAD ISHAQUE ◽  
NAVEED MASOOD
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Pain On Injection ◽  
Experienced Pain ◽  
Group A ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Group B ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia

Objective: To assess the frequency of pain and withdrawal movements after injection of rocuronium and effects of pre-treatment with lignocaine. Study Design: Double blind study. Duration of Study: This study was of six months duration and was carried out from March 2004 to September 2004. Setting: Combined Military Hospital Kharian. Patients and Methods: One hundred and twenty unpremedicated patients with ASA grade I and II, aged between 18-60 years and of both sexes were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 60 patients each. After induction of anaesthesia with thiopentone, patients in group A received 3 ml of lignocaine plain while those in group B, received 3 ml of normal saline as pre-treatment before injection of rocuronium. Their effects on pain on injection and withdrawalmovements of the arm were studied. Results: Out of total of 120 patients, only 17 patients (14%) developed withdrawal movements of the arm or wrist. In Group A, who received lignocaine plain before rocuronium injection, only 3 patients out of 60 patients had withdrawal movements while in Group B, who received normal saline as pre-treatment fourteen out of 60 patients developed withdrawal movements of the arm or wrist. Only one patient belonging to Group B experienced pain. Conclusions: Pretreatment with lignocaine plain greatly reduces the chances of withdrawal movements and pain on injection of rocuronium.

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF TAP BLOCK AND PLACEBO FOR PAIN IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CSECTION SURGERY

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 266-69
Author(s):  
Usman Khalid ◽  
Kaukab Majeed ◽  
Maihmoona Yasmeen ◽  
Khalid Mehmood ◽  
Muhammad Ali Muazzam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transversus Abdominis Plane Block ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Transversus Abdominis Plane ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: To compare efficacy of transversus abdominis plane block and placebo for pain in patients undergoing C-section surgery. Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anaesthesiology, Combined Military Hospital Quetta, from Apr toOct 2018. Methodology: A sample size of 200 patients calculated by WHO calculator undergoing Elective C-section andof age 20-40 year were randomized in a double blind study to undergo transversus abdominis plane block orplacebo group in two equal groups. Group A received block as placebo and group B with Bupivacaine. Resultsrecorded and analysed there-after for conclusion. Results: The mean age of patients in group A was 29.98 ± 5.18 years and in group B was 29.68 ± 5.43 years (pvalue ≤0.01). Majority of the patients 141 (70.50%) were between 31 to 40 years of age. Out of 200 patients, 108 (54.0%) were ASA I and 92 (46.0%) were ASA II (p-value ≤0.01). Mean body mass index was 25.20 ± 2.28 kg/m2 (p-value ≤0.01). Meantime for the first analgesia in the patients undergoing elective C-section in group A (placebo group) was 4.96 ± 1.44 hours while in group B (transversus abdominis plane block group) was 11.24 ± 1.83 hours (p-value ≤0.01). Conclusion: This study concluded that meantime for the first analgesia was found longer in TransversusAbdominis plane block for post-operative pain management in patients undergoing elective C-section.

Pregabalin As A Premedicant To Attenuate Pressor Response In Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 3418-3423
Author(s):  
Sweety Agrawal ◽  
Shubdha Bhagat ◽  
Pratibha Deshmukh ◽  
Amol Singham
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Co2 Insufflation ◽  
Ramsay Sedation Scale ◽  
Minute Interval ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia

The present study was done to evaluate the ability of oral pregabalin to attenuate the pressor response to airway instrumentation in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. Sixty-four adult patients aged between 25-55 year of either gender belonging to ASA-1 or ASA2 physical status weighing 50-70 kg were enrolled in this study. Thirty-two patients each were randomized to group A, or group B. Patients in group A received tablet Pregabalin (150mg) and those in group B received placebo orally one hour before induction of anaesthesia. Heart rate, blood pressure, and sedation were assessed preoperatively before giving the tablets and after 30 minutes, and just before induction of anaesthesia. Intraoperative, pulse rate, mean arterial pressure, ECG in the lead II, SPO2 and ETCO2 were monitored. All the above parameters were noted during laryngoscopy and intubation, 3 minutes after CO2 insufflation, and then at every 10-minute interval till the end of surgery. These parameters were also recorded after extubating the patient. The Ramsay sedation scale was used to assess the sedation at the baseline, one hour after drug intake , one hour after extubation and 4 hour after surgery. Any adverse effects in the postoperative period were recorded. The result of our study shows that pre-emptive administration of oral pregabalin 150 mg significantly reduced the pressor response at the time of laryngoscopy and intubation, after CO2 insufflation and just after extubation. We conclude that oral pregabalin premedication is effective in successful attenuation of hemodynamic pressor response to laryngoscopy, intubation and pneumoperitoneum in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy

The role of tolvaptan in prevention of hyponatremia in patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate surgery- A randomized double blind study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-325
Author(s):  
Dinesh Kumar Singh ◽  
B B Baj ◽  
Vipin Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Transurethral Resection ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Transurethral Resection Of Prostate ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

The aim of our study to determine the role of tolvaptan in prevention of hyponatremia in transurethral resection of prostate surgery. This is randomized double-blind study conducted in 60 ASA grade status 1 and 2 patients age group between 45-80 yrs undergoing TURP under spinal anaesthesia in urology operation theatre in Mahatma Gandhi hospital Jaipur after receiving permission from hospital ethical committee. A detailed history, complete physical examination and routine investigation were done for all patients followed by informed written consent was obtained. Patients are randomly divided into 2 groups. In group A -30 patients who received orally tab tolvaptan 15 mg and group B-30 patients who received orally tab multivitamin 2 hrs before surgery after doing electrolytes of the patients in the morning. In both groups age (in yrs), wt (in kg), ASA grade, volume of irrigating fluid (in litres), volume of prostate resected (in gm) and duration of surgery (in minutes) all demographic and surgical details data were compared. Electrolytes were compared in both groups pre and post-operatively and statistical analysis was done.There was significant difference in post-operative sodium level between the two groups (A and B). The mean level of sodium significantly reduced post-operatively in group –B (control grp). The mean level of sodium significantly increased post-operatively in group –A (tolvaptan grp). We conclude single dose of tolvaptan -15 mg found to effective in prevention of hyponatremia in patients undergoing TURP.

scholarly journals Use of Warm Local Anaesthetic Solution for Caudal Blocks

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. M. Lim ◽  
K. Y. Chong ◽  
B. Singh ◽  
W. Jong
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Local Anaesthetic ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Anaesthetic Solution ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Local Anaesthetic Solution ◽  
Speed Of Onset

A double-blind study was undertaken to investigate the effect of prewarmed local anaesthetic solution on the latency of onset of caudal blocks. Forty-four (ASA I-II) patients were allocated into two equal groups. In Group A, the local anaesthetic solutions were injected at room temperature (25°C), while in Group B, they were injected at 37°C. All the caudal blocks were performed using 20 ml of lignocaine 1.5% with adrenaline 1:200,000. The speed of onset of perianal analgesia was found to be significantly faster (39%) with the prewarmed local anaesthetic solution (P < 0.05). No adverse effects were observed.

scholarly journals EMLA Cream Prior to Insertion of Elective Epidurals

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Elson ◽  
M. J. Paech
Keyword(s):  
Elective Caesarean Section ◽  
Needle Insertion ◽  
Patient Comfort ◽  
Epidural Needle ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Emla Cream ◽  
Skin Infiltration ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

A randomized double-blind study was conducted in 83 women scheduled for elective caesarean section to determine the efficacy of EMLA and lignocaine infiltration for epidural insertion. The patients were randomly allocated to one of three groups: Group A (EM/LIG) received EMLA and intradermal and subdermal 1% lignocaine infiltration, Group B (EM/SAL) EMLA and saline while Group C (PL/LIG) received placebo cream and 1% lignocaine. Assessments using a 100 mm pain score were performed on skin infiltration and after subsequent insertion of a 16 gauge Tuohy needle into the supraspinous ligament. Skin changes under the applied cream and nursing rating of patients’ response were also noted. Statistical analyses were performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Fisher's Exact Tests. Groups were comparable for age, weight, parity and EMLA application time (interquartile range 105-150 minutes) There were significantly higher pain scores for skin infiltration in Group C (PL/LIG) (P<0.01) and for epidural needle insertion in Group B (EM/SAL) (P<0.05). We concluded that in this patient population, the application of EMLA cream for at least 90 minutes plus 1% lignocaine infiltration optimized patient comfort for epidural insertion.

scholarly journals A Double-Blind Randomized Prospective Study Comparing Ondansetron with Droperidol in the Prevention of Emesis following Strabismus Surgery

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Davis ◽  
S. Krige ◽  
D. Moyes
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Time ◽  
Strabismus Surgery ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Oral Fluids ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Mean Time

A prospective double-blind study was conducted to compare the anti-emetic efficacy of ondansetron and droperidol in preventing postoperative emesis following strabismus surgery. A sample size of 213 patients was divided into three equal groups to receive ondansetron 150 μg/kg (Group A), ondansetron 75 μg/kg (Group B), or droperidol 75 fig/kg (Group C). All patients received a standardized anaesthetic technique. All episodes of emesis, recovery time, and time to tolerating oral fluids were recorded. The incidence of emesis during 24 hours was Groups A and B 19.7%, and Group C 28.2%. The lower incidence of emesis recorded by the ondansetron groups compared with the droperidol group was not statistically significant. Ondansetron at 75 μg/kg was as effective as 150 μg/kg in reducing emesis when compared with droperidol. Mean time to discharge from the recovery room was 75.3 minutes (Group A), 44.4 minutes (Group B), and 41.0 minutes (Group C). The mean time to tolerating oral fluids was 356.5 minutes (Group A), 402.8 minutes (Group B), and 378.1 minutes (Group C). There was no statistical difference in discharge times from recovery or time to tolerating oral fluids in any of the three groups.

scholarly journals The Effect of Use of Anidulafungin on Failure of Weaning Due to Ventilator-associated Pneumonia which Complicate Contused Lungs

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Mohamed Gaber Ibrahium Mostafa Allam
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Lung Contusion ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Broad Spectrum Antibiotics ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction:Failure of weaning is considered one of the most difficult challenges facing any intensivist especially in the devitalized lung due to infected lung contusion. Unsatisfactory results with prolonged treatment with the proper broad-spectrum antibiotics raise the point of exclusion of candidemia or suspected pulmonary candidiasis which is considered a major problem not only because of increasing rate (2-10 per 1000 ICU admission) but also because of difficult diagnosis. Patients with failure of weaning due to unresolved VAP after receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics for more than 10 days especially in preexisting severe lung contusion should be put on empirical systemic antifungal. Echinocandins are a new class of antifungal drugs used as a reliable class for empirical systemic antifungal treatment.Aim of Work:The study aims to evaluate and compare the effect of the use of anidulafungin on weaning from the ventilator due VAP which complicates traumatized contused lungs after 2 weeks from ventilation.Patients and Methods:This was a prospective double-blind study done on 200 patients admitted to King Abdulaziz Specialized Hospital, Taif, KSA between March 2015 and August 2018 in surgical ICU with the failure of weaning due to Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) complicate contused lungs. Group (A) 100 patients started on antibiotics regimen according to qualitative culture for 2 weeks while group (B) 100 patients received anidulafungin with the antibiotics regimen.In this study, diagnosis of lung contusion was made by Computerized Axial Tomography (CT) chest while both VAP was diagnosed by a modified Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS). A score of 6 or more was considered VAP.Results:Comparing the data of the patients in the 3 studied periods (1st5 days, 2nd5 days and last 4 days) controlled tracheal secretion was recorded in 15, 38 and 46 patients in group A respectively in the 3 studied periods compared to 28, 75 and 83 in group B. Less parenchymatous lung infiltration in the chest X-ray found was in 12, 40 and 48 patients in group A compared to 24, 88 and 91 patients in group B. Improvement of the hypoxic index in 48, 76 and 85 patients in group A was compared to 66, 90 and 98 patients in B. Normalization of temperature in 16, 36 and 54 patients in group A while 40, 76 and 90 patients in B and reduction of total leucocytic count in 18, 35 and 57 patients in group A while 38, 70 and 87 patients in group B were observed. There were 15 out of 98 patients in Group A not weaned while only 5 out of 100 patients in group B failed to be weaned from mechanical ventilation within the study period (2 weeks).Conclusion:The use of anidulafungin with proper antibiotics in patients with failure of weaning due to VAP complicate contused lung efficiently treated VAP and reduced the morbidity by accelerating the weaning from the ventilator compared to the use of proper antibiotics alone.

scholarly journals Comparison of Intrathecal Fentanyl and Butorphanol as an Adjuvant to Intrathecal Bupivacaine 0.5% in Infraumbilical Surgeries- A Randomised Double Blind Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandip Roy Basunia ◽  
Prosenjit Mukherjee ◽  
Md Bakir Hossain Munshi
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Anaesthesia ◽  
Motor Block ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sensory Block ◽  
P Value ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Hyperbaric Bupivacaine ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction: Neuraxial opioids are widely used as adjuvants to local anaesthetic as they improve quality and duration of block. Neuraxial opioids like Butorphanol and Fentanyl allow prolonged analgesia in the postoperative period and faster recovery from spinal anaesthesia. Aim: To compare the safety and efficacy of Butorphanol and Fentanyl combined with bupivacaine for spinal anaesthesia in infraumbilical surgeries. Materials and Methods: The present study was a randomised controlled trial in which 110, ASA I and II patients of either sex who underwent elective infraumbilical surgeries under spinal anaesthesia were selected. Patients were allocated randomly into two groups A (n=55) and B (n=55). Group A (F) received intrathecal 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 12.5 mg (3 mL) with fentanyl 25 microgram (0.5 mL) to make it total 3.5 mL. Group B (B) received intrathecal 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 12.5 mg (3 mL) with butorphanol 250 microgram (0.25 mL) and Normal Saline (NS) 0.25 mL to make it total 3.5 mL. Heart Rate (HR), Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure (SBP, DBP), two segment regression time of sensory block, motor block were assessed at preset intervals. Chi-square test or Fischer’s-exact test were used and a p-value ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Mean of two segment sensory regression time of Group A was 41.94±1.73 minutes and Group B was 50.56±4.43 minutes (p<0.0001). Time to onset of motor block in Group A was 5.28±.32 minutes and Group B was 5.27±.32 minutes (p=0.96). Mean duration of motor block in Group A was 81.23±4.87 minutes and Group B was 109.83±2.61 minutes (p<0.0001). Time to rescue analgesic was 289.27±7.37 minutes in Group A and 378.41±10.25 minutes in Group B (p<0.0001). HR, SBP and DBP were comparable among the groups. Conclusion: Intrathecal bupivacaine-butorphanol mixture was clinically better as it provided longer duration of analgesia with lesser incidences of pruritus and nausea/vomiting compared to intrathecal fentanyl-bupivacaine mixture.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CLONIDINE VERSUS NALBUPHINE AS INTRATHECAL ADJUVANTS TO 0.5% HYPERBARIC BUPIVACAINE DURING LOWER ABDOMINAL SURGERIES – A RANDOMIZED DOUBLE BLIND INTERVENTIONAL STUDY.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trishala Jain ◽  
Jaipal .
Keyword(s):  
Motor Block ◽  
Sensory Block ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Hyperbaric Bupivacaine ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Rescue Analgesia ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Intrathecal Clonidine

Background: Regional anesthesia techniques for gynecological procedures are on increasing trends due to their advantage of postoperative analgesia owing to intrathecal adjuvants. The present study was aimed to comparatively evaluate the clinical efficacy of clonidine with nalbuphine when co-administered intrathecally with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine for Lower abdominal surgeries in Gynecology. Methods: With institutional ethics committee clearance No. 193MC/EC/2018, randomized, double blind study was conducted. After obtaining informed written consent total of 84 patients scheduled for lower abdominal surgeries were randomly allocated into two groups: Group A (n=42) - Inj.  3.5 ml Bupivacaine 0.5% + 0.2 ml Clonidine(30µg) intrathecally.  Group B (n=42) - Inj.3.5 ml Bupivacaine 0.5%+0.2 ml Nalbuphine(2mg) intrathecally. The characteristics of sensory and motor block, hemodynamic data, side effects were recorded. Results: The onset of sensory block was earlier in Group B than Group A (3.08±0.52 min vs 4.00±0.54 min, p<0.001 ). The onset of motor block was also earlier in Group B than Group A (7.78±0.80 min vs 8.80±0.95min, p<0.001). The time to first rescue analgesia in patients receiving intrathecal clonidine was significantly delayed than patients receiving intrathecal nalbuphine (284.95 ± 12.93 min vs 211.52 ± 15.92 min, p<0.001). Introperative hemodynamic changes were comparable and none of the patient suffered from respiratory depression except very little cases of shivering which are not significant. Conclusions: Intrathecal clonidine as adjuvant to bupivacaine provided was clinically more effective than nalbuphine for prolonging the duration of analgesia for gynecological procedures. Keywords: Bupivacaine, Clonidine, Lower abdominal surgeries in gynecology, Nalbuphine, Subarachnoid block.

scholarly journals Clinical Assessment of Rosemary-based Toothpaste (Rosmarinus officinalis Linn.): A Randomized Controlled Double-blind Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
Marcela A. A. Valones ◽  
Ingrid Carla Guedes Silva ◽  
Luiz Alcino Monteiro Gueiros ◽  
Jair Carneiro Leão ◽  
Arnaldo F. Caldas Jr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Gingival Bleeding ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Bacterial Plaque

Abstract The present study was to investigate the action of a toothpaste made from the extract of Rosmarinus officinalis Linn. (rosemary) in a clinical randomized, controlled, open and double-blind trial. One hundred and ten volunteers fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were randomly separated into two groups according to the toothpastes used: Group A (experimental) and Group B (control). They were assessed at baseline and 30 days after the study using the gingival bleeding index (GBI) and the plaque index (PI). Data analysis was conducted to calculate the effects of the two toothpastes on gingival bleeding and plaque, using measurements such as the excess relative risk (ERR), the Relative Risk Reduction (RRR), the Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR) and the Number Needed for Treatment (NNT). The two toothpastes provided similar results in terms of the reduction in the risk of gingival bleeding (relative and absolute): a reduction of 38% in Group A, ERR=0.38; a reduction of 29.3% in Group B, ERR=0.293; A and B reduced by 18% ARR=0.18). The reductions in bacterial plaque were also similar (22.7% reduction in Group A, RRR=0.227; 28% reduction in Group B, RRR= 0.28). The number needed for treatment values for bleeding and plaque were A and B NNT=5 and A and B NNT=7, respectively. The rosemary-based toothpaste effectively treated gingival bleeding and reduced bacterial plaque, when compared with conventional toothpaste.

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