Organizational attributes that support reliable Emergency Medical Services response during Mass Casualty Incidents in Nairobi County, Kenya

Optical head-mounted displays (OHMDs) could support members of emergency medical services in responding to and managing mass casualty incidents. In this contribution, the authors describe the human-centered design of two applications for supporting the triage process as well as the identification of hazardous materials. They were evaluated with members of emergency medical services and civil protection units. In this regard, challenges and approaches to human-computer interaction with OHMDs in crisis response and management are discussed. The conclusion is drawn that often mentioned advantages of OHMDs like hands-free interaction alone will not lead to usable solutions for safety-critical domains. Interaction design needs to be carefully considered right down to the last detail.

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Emergency Medical Services during Mass Casualty Incidents (MCIs) - Challenges and Proposed Policies

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x17002412 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (S1) ◽

pp. S93-S94

Author(s):

Bruria Adini ◽

Moran Bodas ◽

Helene Nilsson ◽

Kobi Peleg

Keyword(s):

Emergency Medical Services ◽

Mass Casualty ◽

Mass Casualty Incidents ◽

Medical Services ◽

Emergency Medical

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(A312) Evaluation of a Continuing Education Intervention to Improve Management of Mass-Casualty Incidents

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x11002962 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S1) ◽

pp. s87-s88

Author(s):

E. Jaffe

Keyword(s):

Continuing Education ◽

Emergency Medical Services ◽

Test Scores ◽

Mass Casualty ◽

Mass Casualty Incidents ◽

Medical Services ◽

Education Intervention ◽

Emergency Medical ◽

Post Test ◽

Education Interventions

IntroductionEmergency medical services (EMS) personnel must continuously educate themselves on mass-casualty management. Emergency medical services personnel in Israel are provided with continuing education programs aimed at maintaining knowledge and skills to manage different types of mass-casualty incidents (MCIs). There are 11 Magen David Adom (MDA) regions that have different incidences and experience with MCIs.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention for the management of conventional and mega MCIs.MethodsA 17-item, multiple choice question pre-test (n = 640) and post-test (n = 536) were administered after a brief continuing education intervention based on lectures and discussion in all 11 EMS regions. The MCI and mega MCI scores were combined to provide an overall MCI score. An independent t-test and ANOVA were used to examine for differences by age, seniority, role, and area of employment of EMS personnel. (p = 0.05)ResultsReliability of the pre- and post-tests was 0.70. The overall mean score and standard deviation for the pre- and post-test was 64.31% Â ± 14.2% and 75.0% Â ± 14.0%) respectively (p = 0.000). Distribution of scores on the pre- and post-tests were: 80%, 11.8% pre-test, 42.7% post-test. No significant differences were found in pre-/post-test scores by area. Older personnel (> 50 years of age), and those who had been working in EMS for longer periods were found to have significantly lower scores (p = 0.05). Overall scores of paramedics was significantly higher than driver/medics. (p = 0.05).ConclusionsBoth pre- and post-tests were reliable. Post-test scores improved significantly after the intervention. Age and seniority are factors that must be considered when developing continuing education interventions. Possibility should be given to implementing role specific continuing education interventions. Attrition of knowledge must be investigated.

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Routine Mobile Applications for Emergency Medical Services in Mass Casualty Incidents

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik ◽

10.1515/bmt-2012-4457 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 57 (SI-1 Track-N) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

T. Mentler ◽

M. Herczeg ◽

S. Jent ◽

M. Stoislow ◽

M. C. Kindsmüller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Medical Services ◽

Mobile Applications ◽

Mass Casualty ◽

Mass Casualty Incidents ◽

Medical Services ◽

Emergency Medical

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The history of emergency medical services response to mass casualty incidents in disasters, Saudi Arabia

Journal of Emergency Medicine Trauma and Acute Care ◽

10.5339/jemtac.2020.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Waleed Alazmy ◽

Osama Samarkandi ◽

Brett Williams

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Emergency Medical Services ◽

Mass Casualty ◽

Mass Casualty Incidents ◽

Medical Services ◽

Emergency Medical ◽

History Of

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Optical Head-Mounted Displays in Mass Casualty Incidents

Violence and Society ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-0988-2.ch036 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 668-683

Author(s):

Henrik Berndt ◽

Tilo Mentler ◽

Michael Herczeg

Keyword(s):

Emergency Medical Services ◽

Interaction Design ◽

Crisis Response ◽

Mass Casualty ◽

Mass Casualty Incidents ◽

Medical Services ◽

Optical Head ◽

Emergency Medical ◽

Head Mounted Displays ◽

Free Interaction

Optical head-mounted displays (OHMDs) could support members of emergency medical services in responding to and managing mass casualty incidents. In this contribution, the authors describe the human-centered design of two applications for supporting the triage process as well as the identification of hazardous materials. They were evaluated with members of emergency medical services and civil protection units. In this regard, challenges and approaches to human-computer interaction with OHMDs in crisis response and management are discussed. The conclusion is drawn that often mentioned advantages of OHMDs like hands-free interaction alone will not lead to usable solutions for safety-critical domains. Interaction design needs to be carefully considered right down to the last detail.

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Description of Medication Administration by Emergency Medical Services during Mass-casualty Incidents in the United States

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x1600008x ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 141-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mazen El Sayed ◽

Hani Tamim ◽

N. Clay Mann

Keyword(s):

Emergency Medical Services ◽

Life Support ◽

The United States ◽

Medication Administration ◽

Service Level ◽

Mass Casualty ◽

Mass Casualty Incidents ◽

Medical Services ◽

Service Levels ◽

Emergency Medical

AbstractBackgroundEmergency Medical Services (EMS) preparedness and availability of essential medications are important to reduce morbidity and mortality from mass-casualty incidents (MCIs).ObjectivesThis study describes prehospital medication administration during MCIs by different EMS service levels.MethodsThe US National EMS Public-Release Research Dataset maintained by the National Emergency Medical Services Information System (NEMSIS) was used to carry out the study. Emergency Medical Services activations coded as MCI at dispatch, or by EMS personnel, were included. The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) service level was used for the level of service provided. A descriptive analysis of medication administration by EMS service level was carried out.ResultsAmong the 19,831,189 EMS activations, 53,334 activations had an MCI code, of which 26,110 activations were included. There were 8,179 (31.3%) Advanced Life Support (ALS), 5,811 (22.3%) Basic Life Support (BLS), 399 (1.5%) Air Medical Transport (AMT; fixed or rotary), and 38 (0.2%) Specialty Care Transport (SCT) activations. More than 80 different medications from 18 groups were reported. Seven thousand twenty-one activations (26.9%) had at least one medication administered. Oxygen was most common (16.3%), followed by crystalloids (6.9%), unknown (5.2%), analgesics (3.2%) mainly narcotics, antiemetics (1.5%), cardiac/vasopressors/inotropes (0.9%), bronchodilators (0.9%), sedatives (0.8%), and vasodilators/antihypertensives (0.7%). Overall, medication administration rates and frequencies of medications groups significantly varied between EMS service levels (P<.01) except for “Analgesia (other)” (P=.40) and “Pain medications (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; NSAID)” (P=.07).ConclusionMedications are administered frequently in MCIs, mainly Oxygen, crystalloids, and narcotic pain medications. Emergency Medical Services systems can use the findings of this study to better prepare their stockpiles for MCIs.El SayedM, TamimH, MannNC. Description of medication administration by Emergency Medical Services during mass-casualty incidents in the United States. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2016;31(2):141–149.

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