scholarly journals Genetic analysis of nucleotide sequences of neuraminidase gene of highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N8 virus isolates recovered in the Russian Federation in 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 301-307
Author(s):  
P. B. Akshalova ◽  
N. G. Zinyakov ◽  
A. V. Andriyasov ◽  
P. D. Zhestkov ◽  
Z. B. Nikonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Virus Isolates

Avian influenza is a highly dangerous viral disease that causes huge economic damage to poultry farming. Currently, highly virulent influenza virus with N8 neur- aminidase subtype is quite often detected in populations of domestic and wild birds in various countries of the world. The article provides data on complete nucleotide sequences of the neuraminidase gene of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus isolates recovered in the second half of 2020 from pathological material received from four regions of the Russian Federation. The conducted research showed that the subtype of the isolated virus was N8. According to the phylogenetic analysis, isolates of N8 virus belong to group 8C.4. During the phylogenetic analysis of the neuraminidase, we also took into account data on hemagglutinin classification, according to which H5N8 virus isolates belong to a widespread clade 2.3.4.4. Viruses of the clade were first registered in 2010 in China and they have been circulating up to now. The paper also provides data of a comparative analysis of nucleotide sequences of the studied isolates and the isolates from the international GenBank and GISAID databases, recovered in other countries from 2007 to 2020. During the analysis of the amino acid sequence of the studied isolates, no substitutions were found in the positions that affect resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors. The complete nucleotide sequences of the neuraminidase gene of the avian influenza virus subtype N8 (isolates A/domestic goose/OMSK/1521-1/2020, A/duck/Chelyabinsk/1207-1/2020, A/duck/Saratov/1578-2/2020, A/goose/Tatarstan/1730-2/2020) are published in the international GenBank and GISAID databases. Based on the analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the studied isolates, the article shows gradual evolution of the N8 subtype virus.

scholarly journals Geographical Spread of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 during the 2006 Outbreak in Austria

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (11) ◽  
pp. 5815-5823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fink ◽  
Sandra Revilla Fernández ◽  
Hermann Schobesberger ◽  
Josef Koefer
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Wild Bird ◽  
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Isolates

ABSTRACT In spring 2006, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) of subtype H5N1 was detected in Austria in 119 dead wild birds. The hemagglutinin cleavage site showed that the amino acid sequence motif was identical to that of the Qinghai lineage. For detailed analysis, the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes of 27 selected Austrian H5N1 viruses originating from different regions and wild bird species were analyzed phylogenetically, which revealed two clearly separated Austrian subclusters, both belonging to European cluster EMA-1. Subcluster South (SCS) contains virus isolates from the south of Austria as well as from Slovenia, Turkey, Egypt, and Nigeria. The second subcluster, Northwest (SCN), covered a larger group of viruses originating from different locations and wild bird species in the northern and very western parts of Austria, as well as from Bavaria and Switzerland. Surprisingly, virus isolates originating from two mute swans and one wild duck found on the north side of the Alps did not cluster with SCN but with SCS. Together with isolates from Bavarian, the Czech Republic, Italy, and Slovakia, they form a genuine subgroup, named subgroup Bavaria (SGB). This subgroup forms a link to SCN, indicating a spread of the virus from south to north. There has been a general assumption that the generic HPAI introduction route into Europe was from Russia to north Germany, introducing cluster EMA-2 into Europe. Interestingly, our findings support the assumption of an alternative introduction of the HPAI H5N1 virus from Turkey to central Europe, where it spread as cluster EMA-1 during the outbreak of 2006.

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