Taking Zhejiang Province as an example, this paper using statistical data of 1990-2009 makes a statistical analysis of energy consumption and an empirical research on the relationship between economic growth and energy consumption, energy efficiency by the way of metrology analysis. The result shows the relationship between economic growth and energy consumption, energy efficiency in Zhejiang Province is long balanced. There is a two-way causation between economic growth and energy consumption, but only a single causal relationship between economic growth and energy efficiency, namely, GDP grows by 3.4% when energy efficiency grows by 1%. Therefore, we give some advice on energy consumption in Zhejiang Province and the national economy sustainable development.