Impact of early and normal sowing dates on seed cotton yield and fiber quality traits of elite cotton lines (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

The present study was performed to evaluate the heterosis effects for seed cotton yield and fiber quality traits of 56 hybrids and their parents involving seven lines and eight testers along with a check at Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad. The results showed that, range of relative heterosis varied from -3.40 to 13.29 in ginning percentage, -5.28 to 14.10 in 2.5% span length, -8.72 to 8.25 in uniformity ratio, -16.39 to 14.88 in micronaire value, -5.97 to 10.02 in bundle strength and -32.57 to 113.40 in seed cotton yield per plant, where, highest number of crosses (24) with significant mid parental heterosis in desirable direction was observed for seed cotton yield per plant followed by 2.5 % span length (16) and ginning percentage (12). Desirable and significant heterosis over better parent was observed in the crosses for all the studied characters except for uniformity ratio. A good number of crosses recorded significant standard heterosis over check for all the studied parameters except for uniformity ration and micronaire value. Apart from showing considerable level of heterosis for seed cotton yield, the crosses AKH 9331 x HAG 1055 exhibited good level of heterosis for ginning percentage, Galama x L 604 and Galama x JK 344 for uniformity ratio, Galama x HAG 1055, AKH 9331 x HAG 1055 and CPD 420 x IC 356932 for 2.5% span length and CPD 420 x JK 344 and BC 68-2 x LK 861 for bundle strength. So these crosses could be exploited to improve the yield along with one or more fiber quality traits through heterosis breeding.

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Genetic variability for yield and fiber related traits in genetically modified cotton

Journal of Cotton Research ◽

10.1186/s42397-021-00094-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Adeela SAHAR ◽

Muhammad Mubashar ZAFAR ◽

Abdul RAZZAQ ◽

Abdul MANAN ◽

Muhammad HAROON ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Fiber Quality ◽

Short Fiber ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Cotton Yield ◽

Seed Cotton ◽

Fiber Quality Traits ◽

Seed Cotton Yield ◽

Seed Index

Abstract Background Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is grown for fiber and oil purposes in tropical and sub-tropical areas of the world. Pakistan is the 4th largest producer of cotton. It has a significant contribution in the GDP of Pakistan. Therefore, the present study was performed to assess the genetic variations and genetic diversity of yield and fiber quality traits in cotton and to analyze the associations present among them. Results Analysis of variance exhibited significant variation for all studied traits except total number of nodes and the height to node ratio. The phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation for all studied traits. Plant height, monopodial branches, total number of bolls, lint index, seed index, and seed cotton yield displayed high heritabilities in a broad sense with maximum genetic advance. Correlation analysis revealed that seed cotton yield had a significant positive association with plant height, the number of monopodial branches, the number of sympodial branches, ginning outturn (GOT), the number of bolls, seed per boll, seed index, uniformity index, the number of sympodial branches, reflectance, and seed index at the genotypic level while a significant positive relationship was observed with plant height, the number of sympodial branches, boll number, and GOT. Plant height, monopodial branches, GOT, boll weight, seeds per boll, and short fiber index exerted direct positive effects on seed cotton yield. The first 6 principal component analysis (PCs) out of the total fourteen PCs displayed eigenvalues (> 1) and had maximum share to total variability (82.79%). The attributes that had maximum share to total divergence included plant height, uniformity index, the number of sympodial branches, seed per boll, GOT, seed cotton yield, and short fiber index. Conclusion The genotype AA-802, IUB-13, FH-159, FH-458, and CIM-595 were genetically diverse for most of the yield and fiber quality traits and could be utilized for the selection of better performing genotypes for further improvement.

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