scholarly journals Penegakan Hukum Illegal Fishing dalam Perspektif UNCLOS 1982

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-46
Author(s):  
Asiyah Jamilah ◽  
Hari Sutra Disemadi
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Illegal Fishing ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The Law

Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan terbesar kedua didunia yang mempunyai kekayaan sumber daya perairan yang cukup tinggi serta sumber daya hayati yang beranekaragam. Indonesia juga berada pada posisi yang sangat strategis di antara negara-negara didunia, letaknya yang strategis inilah yang menimbulkan kemungkinan terjadinya berbagai macam kejahatan yang terjadi di laut. Salah satunya adalah tindak pidana illegal fishing. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan Undang-Undang (statute approach) serta pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS 1982) sebagai ketentuan hukum internasional mengatur secara umum tentang penegakan hukum di laut teritorial maupun zona ekonomi ekslusif (ZEE) suatu negara yang diimplementasikan dalam hukum nasional melalui perundang-undangan. Adapun Undang-Undang yang mengatur secara spesifik mengenai illegal fishing yakni Undang-Undang No. 31 Tahun 2004 yang diubah menjadi Undang-Undang No. 45 Tahun 2009 tentang Perikanan dan Undang-Undang No. 5 Tahun 1983 tentang Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif Indonesia (ZEEI).

scholarly journals Analisis Claim Nelayan Tiongkok Atas Traditional Fishing Ground Di Perairan Natuna

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syafril Ernandi
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Fishing Ground ◽  
Illegal Fishing ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The Law ◽  
Traditional Fishing

Sebagai Negara kepulauan Indonesia mempunyai kedaulatan atas wilayah laut di bawahnya serta ruang udara di atasnya, hal ini tetuang dalam Undang-Undang Dasar (UUD) 1945 pasal 33 ayat 3. Faktanya Potensi sumber daya alam di perairan natuna ini memicu konflik dengan negara Tiongkok.. Metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan statute approach. Hasil peneltian pertama bahwa Berdasarkan ketentuan pasal 56 United Nations Convention on the Law of the sea (Konvensi Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa Tentang Hukum Laut 1982) serta pasal 4 ayat 1 Undang-Undang nomor 5 Tahun 1983 Tentang Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif Indonesia maka Kepulauan Natuna merupakan negara pantai yang masuk ke dalam wilayah zona ekonomi eksklusif Indonesia yang berjarak 200 mil laut. Demikian Indonesia memiliki hak berdaulat untuk melakukan eksplorasi dan eksploitasi, konservasi serta pengelolaan sumber kekayaan alam, baik hayati maupun non-hayati, dari perairan diatas, dasar laut dan tanah dibawahnya, khususnya kegiatan penagkapan ikan di Kepulauan Natuna, Hasil penelitian kedua adalah Penangkapan ikan (illegal fishing) yang dilakukan oleh Tiongkok dengan disertai klaim Traditional Fishing Ground di Kepulauan Natuna ini tidak dikenal dalam UNCLOS 1982 melainkan hanya mengenal Traditional Fishing Right yang tertuang dalam Bab IV pasal 51 ayat (1) Konvensi Hukum Laut 1982. Demikian klaim Traditional Fishing Ground oleh Tiongkok tidak mempunyai dasar hukum internasional atau bertentangan dengan UNCLOS 1982. Kata Kunci : Hak Berdaulat, ZEE, Traditional Fishing Ground

Pushing the Limits of the Law of the Sea Convention: Australian and French Cooperative Surveillance and Enforcement in the Southern Ocean

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warwick Gullett ◽  
Clive Schofield
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Illegal Fishing ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Law ◽  
Bilateral Treaties

AbstractThis article examines recent steps taken by Australia and France to combat illegal fishing in their claimed maritime zones of jurisdiction around their adjacent sub-Antarctic island territories. These steps comprise operational responses and legal developments, including the conclusion of two bilateral treaties on cooperative surveillance and enforcement. Geographical and legal problems associated with addressing the illegal fishing threat in the Southern Ocean are highlighted. It is concluded that when they come to be tested by international legal authorities, some of the more innovative legal measures under discussion are likely to be appraised as being in conflict with some provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

The Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf and its Disturbing Propensity to Legislate

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Serdy
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Continental Shelves ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Law

AbstractCreated by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea to apply the rules in Article 76 on the outer limits of the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles from States’ territorial sea baselines, the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf has on several occasions introduced new requirements for States not supported by Article 76, or impermissibly qualifying the rights Article 76 accords them. This article focuses on several such instances, one to the coastal State’s advantage (though temporally rather than spatially), another neutral (though requiring unnecessary work of States), but the remainder all tending to reduce the area of continental shelves. The net effect has been to deprive States of areas of legal continental shelf to which a reasonable interpretation of Article 76 entitles them, and in one case even of their right to have their submissions examined on their merits, even though, paradoxically, the well-meaning intention behind at least some of the Commission’s pronouncements was to avoid other controversies.

How to Amend UNCLOS and Why It Has Never Been Done

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Chris Whomersley
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
International Organisations ◽  
International Labour Organisation ◽  
International Maritime Organisation ◽  
Consensus Procedure ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Law ◽  
Labour Organisation

Abstract The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) contains detailed provisions concerning its amendment, but these have never been used and this article explores why this is so. States have instead maintained the Convention as a “living instrument” by adopting updated rules in other organisations, especially the International Maritime Organisation and the International Labour Organisation. States have also used the consensus procedure at Meetings of the States Parties to modify procedural provisions in UNCLOS, and have adopted two Implementation Agreements relating to UNCLOS. In addition, port State jurisdiction has developed considerably since the adoption of UNCLOS, and of course other international organisations have been active in related fields.

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