scholarly journals Producing Hydrogen-rich Gas by Fresh Biomass Co-pyrolysis with Additive

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Shift Reaction ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass ◽  
Water Gas

<p>Pyrolysis properties of fresh ficus lacor leaves with moisture content of 70<em>wt</em>. % was investigated in a TGA setup. The effects of different operating parameters on pyrolysis of biomass were studied in a fixed-bed reactor system. With addition of CaO, there showed an additional decrease in weight at temperature range of 382~490 <sup>o</sup>C, but 12<em>wt</em>. % weight was recovered in the first stage (40~220 <sup>o</sup>C). Fresh biomass pyrolysis was calculated to be first order reaction with activation energy about 29.8 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>. Activation energy was lowered to 20.4 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup> by addition of CaO. With scope of temperature studied, higher temperature was found always favor hydrogen production during pyrolysis of fresh biomass. Carbonation and hydration of CaO enhanced water gas shift reaction (WGS) which led to hydrogen yield increasing. The highest hydrogen content (around 70<em>vol</em>. %) of hydrogen concentration and hydrogen yield (23.2 ml g<sup>-1</sup><sub>-biomass</sub>) were achieved when CaO/biomass mass ratio increased to 0.3. Pyrolysis of fresh biomass without pre-drying showed the potential of hydrogen production.</p>

Hydrogen Production from Ethanol Steam Reforming over Ni-Cu/ZnO Catalyst

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 1067-1072
Author(s):  
Li Ping Liu ◽  
Xiao Jian Ma ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Ya Nan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Ethanol Steam Reforming ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Ethanol Steam

Hydrogen production by ethanol steam reforming over Ni-Cu/ZnO catalyst in the temperatures range of 250-550°C was studied on a fixed bed reactor. The effects of reaction temperature and water/ethanol molar ratio on hydrogen production were investigated. The structure and surface characteristics of the catalyst were measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential thermal analyzer (TG-DSC). The results show that the Ni-Cu/ZnO catalyst has good catalytic performance with higher hydrogen yield of 4.87molH2/molEtOH reacted. A comparison of hydrogen production from ethanol steam reforming over Ni-Cu/ZnO catalyst with over a commercial catalyst was made in this paper.

Hydrogen production via catalytic pyrolysis of biomass in a two-stage fixed bed reactor system

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (25) ◽  
pp. 13128-13135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaomin Liu ◽  
Jinglin Zhu ◽  
Mingqiang Chen ◽  
Wenping Xin ◽  
Zhonglian Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Reactor System ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass

Hydrogen production by steam reforming of glycerol over Ni/Ce/Cu hydroxyapatite-supported catalysts

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukman Hakim ◽  
Zahira Yaakob ◽  
Manal Ismail ◽  
Wan Daud ◽  
Ratna Sari
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Supported Catalyst ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Glycerol Conversion

AbstractHydroxyapatite-supported Ni-Ce-Cu catalysts were synthesised and tested to study their potential for use in the steam reforming of glycerol to produce hydrogen. The catalysts were prepared by the deposition-precipitation method with variable nickel, cerium, and copper loadings. The performance of the catalysts was evaluated in terms of hydrogen yield at 600°C in a tubular fixed-bed microreactor. All catalysts were characterised by the BET surface area, XRD, TPR, TEM, and FE-SEM techniques. The reaction time was 240 min in a fixed-bed reactor at 600°C and atmospheric pressure with a water-to-glycerol feed molar ratio of 8: 1. It was found that the Ni-Ce-Cu (3 mass %-7.5 mass %-7.5 mass %) hydroxyapatite-supported catalyst afforded the highest hydrogen yield (57.5 %), with a glycerol conversion rate of 97.3 %. The results indicate that Ni/Ce/Cu/hydroxyapatite has great potential as a catalyst for hydrogen production by steam reforming of glycerol.

Steam Gasification of Biochar Derived from Fast Pyrolysis for Hydrogen-Rich Gas Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 830 ◽  
pp. 477-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Qing Zeng ◽  
Ling Jun Zhu ◽  
Qi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Number ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Steam Gasification ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass

Steam gasification of biochar from fast pyrolysis of biomass was conducted in a fixed bed reactor. The experiments were carried out at temperature of 700, 750, 800 °C with steam flow rate of 0.1 g/min and reaction time of 3 h. The gas products mainly included H2, CO, CO2and some hydrocarbons with low carbon number. The results showed that the conversion of biochar at 700, 750, 800 °C was 68, 78, 96 wt%, respectively, and high gasification temperature favored the production of hydrogen-rich gases. The hydrogen yield increased with temperature rising and reached the maximum of 35.70 mol/kg with a hydrogen concentration of 74 V% at 800 °C.

Biohydrogen production from tequila vinasses using a fixed bed reactor

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 1919-1925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Germán Buitrón ◽  
Dorian Prato-Garcia ◽  
Axue Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Equivalent Mass ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Fermentative Process ◽  
Tequila Vinasses

In Mexico, the industrial production of tequila leads to the discharge of more than 31.2 million of m3 of vinasse, which causes serious environmental issues because of its acidity, high organic load and the presence of recalcitrant compounds. The aim of this research was to study the feasibility of a fixed bed reactor for the production of biohydrogen by using tequila vinasse as substrate. The experiments were carried out in a continuous mode under mesophilic and acidic conditions. The maximum hydrogen yield and hydrogen production rate were 1.3 mol H2 mol/mol glucose and 72 ± 9 mL H2/(Lreactor h), respectively. Biogas consisted of carbon dioxide (36%) and hydrogen (64%); moreover methane was not observed. The electron-equivalent mass balance fitted satisfactorily (sink of electrons from 0.8 to 7.6%). For vinasses, hydrogen production accounted for 10.9% of the total available electron-equivalents. In the liquid phase, the principal metabolites identified were acetic, butyric and iso-butyric acids, which indicated a butyrate–acetate type fermentation. Tequila vinasses did not result in potential inhibition of the fermentative process. Considering the process as a water treatment system, only 20% of the original carbon was removed (as carbon dioxide and biomass) when the tequila vinasses are used.

Steam Reforming of Model Compounds from Bio-Oil for Hydrogen Production over Pd/HZSM-5 Catalyst

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 558-562
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Long Guo ◽  
Xin Bao Li
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Product Gas ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
H2 Yield

Ethanol was selected as a model compound of bio-oil. Pd/HZSM-5 catalyst with 5%wt Pd was prepared by wet impregnation method. The steam reforming experiment for hydrogen production was carried out on a fixed bed reactor. The carbon conversion, carbon selectivity of product gas and H2 yield was calculated according the experimental resultsl. It has been found that the best performance was obtained at T=700°C, S/C=9.2 and GC1HSV=346h-1. At this condition, the hydrogen yield and potential hydrogen yield can be as high as 58.1% and 84.3%. The results show that the addition of Pd to HZSM-5 can improve the reforming performance and increase the hydrogen yield.

Hydrogen Production via Low Temperature Water Gas Shift Reaction: Kinetic Study, Mathematical Modeling, Simulation and Optimization of Catalytic Fixed Bed Reactor using gPROMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davood Mohammady Maklavany ◽  
Ahmad Shariati ◽  
Mohammad Reza Khosravi-Nikou ◽  
Behrooz Roozbehani
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Water Gas Shift ◽  
Optimal Controls ◽  
Water Gas Shift Reaction ◽  
Hydrogen Formation ◽  
Simulation And Optimization ◽  
Modeling Simulation ◽  
Shift Reaction ◽  
Water Gas

Abstract The kinetics study, modeling, simulation and optimization of water gas shift reaction were performed in a catalytic fixed bed reactor. The renowned empirical power law rate model was used as rate equation and fitted to experimental data to estimate the kinetics parameters using gPROMS. A good fit between predicted and experimental CO conversion data was obtained. The validity of the kinetic model was then checked by simulation of plug flow reactor which shows a good agreement between experimental and predicted values of the reaction rate. Subsequently, considering axial dispersion, a homogeneous model was developed for simulation of the water-gas shift reactor. The simulation results were also validated by checking the pressure drop of the reactor as well as the mass concentration at equilibrium. Finally, a multi-objective optimization was conducted for water-gas shift reaction in order to maximize hydrogen formation and carbon monoxide conversion, whereas the reactor volume to be minimized. Implementation of optimal controls leads to increase in hydrogen formation at reactor outlet up to 25.55 %.

Effects of Several Metals Species on Steam Gasification Behavior of Lignite from Inner Mongolia

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 1176-1179
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Yan Peng Ban ◽  
Quan Sheng Liu ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Ke Duan Zhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Steam Gasification ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Metal Catalyst ◽  
Gasification Reactivity ◽  
Char Reactivity ◽  
Shift Reaction ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Catalytic Effects ◽  
Gasification Temperature

The purpose of this study is to investigate the catalytic effects of different metals in Shengli lignite on the char reactivity. The pyrolysis of Shengli lignite and various metal catalyst loaded coal was investigated in a small fixed-bed reactor, and the gasification activity with steam for different chars was compared as well. The results show that Fe, Ni, Ca and K could effectively lowering the gasification temperature, enhancing the gasification reactivity of SL char. Alkali (K) and alkaline earth (Ca) could be feasibly used as catalysis for the catalytic steam gasification at relatively low temperatures (550~700°C) to produce gases with high H2 (63.2~63.8 v%) and low CO (below 0.9%), and promoting the carbon-water reaction, the water-gas shift reaction to some extent.

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