Azure A | ScienceGate

If two histological sections, of thickness nµ and 2nµ, and having the same apparent intensity of staining, are at equilibrium with dyebaths of concentration B1 and B2 respectively, the affinity of the histological substrate for the dye is, under denned conditions, given by the expression ΔF° = - RT In I/B, where B is either (i) B2 if the thinner section is stained to saturation, or (ii) B1 if B1 = 3B2. The affinity tends to be greater when measured in a weaker dyebath, as implied in method (ii). Evidence is presented suggesting that the uptake of the basic dye Azure A by pancreatic basal chromidial substance, goblet cell mucin and intestinal epithelial cytoplasm follows a Langmuir adsorption isotherm to a first approximation, in that, at low dyebath concentrations, the uptake of dye is proportional to the concentration of dyebath with which the substrate is in equilibrium, while in strong dyebaths the uptake approaches a plateau. A deviation from the ideal Langmuir isotherm in dyebaths of moderate concentration, observed in epithelial cytoplasm and to a lesser extent in pancreatic basal chromidial substance, may have been due to interaction between neighbouring dye-binding sites, or to the presence in a single area of sites with different affinities for the dye.

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Heparin and sulfated mucopolysaccharides—a micro system for quantitative differentiation and determination

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y77-161 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 55 (5) ◽

pp. 1179-1189 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Louis B. Jaques ◽

Tak K. Sue ◽

Norman M. McDuffie ◽

Sandra M. Wice

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Optical Density ◽

Toluidine Blue ◽

Linear Relation ◽

Cetylpyridinium Chloride ◽

Agarose Gel ◽

Azure A ◽

Tissue Extracts ◽

The Individual

Heparin (Hep), hyaluronic acid, chondroitins (sulfate) A, B, and C, and heparitins (sulfate) A, B, C, and D were subjected to microelectrophoresis in barbital–agarose gel, fixed with cetylpyridinium chloride and stained with toluidine blue. The optical densities of the resulting bands were compared with optical densities obtained upon reaction with azure A in aqueous solution and with the carbazole reagent. A linear relation was obtained between optical density and concentration of purified sulfated mucopolysaccharide (SMP). Less than 1 μg of Hep and 2 μg of other SMPs are required for measurement by electrophoresis, while about 30 μg of each is required with the carbazole reagent. The optical density of a mixture of SMPs was equal to the sum of the densities for the individual SMPs upon microelectrophoresis. It was demonstrated that the individual SMPs in mixtures were distinguished by reaction with specific enzymes and by changes in migration in agarose with barbital, phthalate, ethylenediamine, or propane-diamine buffers, permitting ready demonstration and quantitation of various SMP species. Examples are shown of the application of the procedure to measure the total SMPs and individual SMPs in tissue extracts. The method is sensitive, reproducible, flexible, and measures quantities [Formula: see text] of those measured colorimetrically, yet is relatively unaffected by protein, carbohydrate, or inorganic electrolytes.

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AN EVALUATION OF THE AZURE A CARBACRYLIC RESIN DIAGNOSTIC TEST (“DIAGNEX BLUE”) FOR GASTRIC ACIDITY

The Medical Journal of Australia ◽

10.5694/j.1326-5377.1960.tb87015.x ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 98-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. S. Parsons ◽

E. P. Sellars

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Test ◽

Gastric Acidity ◽

Azure A

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Glucose Biosensor Based on Disposable Activated Carbon Electrodes Modified with Platinum Nanoparticles Electrodeposited on Poly(Azure A)

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20164489 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (16) ◽

pp. 4489 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Francisco Jiménez-Fiérrez ◽

María Isabel González-Sánchez ◽

Rebeca Jiménez-Pérez ◽

Jesús Iniesta ◽

Edelmira Valero

Keyword(s):

Platinum Nanoparticles ◽

High Performance ◽

Electrochemical Biosensor ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Electrochemical Measurement ◽

Glucose Biosensor ◽

Carbon Electrodes ◽

Real Samples ◽

Glucose Determination ◽

Azure A

Herein, a novel electrochemical glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) immobilized on a surface containing platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) electrodeposited on poly(Azure A) (PAA) previously electropolymerized on activated screen-printed carbon electrodes (GOx-PtNPs-PAA-aSPCEs) is reported. The resulting electrochemical biosensor was validated towards glucose oxidation in real samples and further electrochemical measurement associated with the generated H2O2. The electrochemical biosensor showed an excellent sensitivity (42.7 μA mM−1 cm−2), limit of detection (7.6 μM), linear range (20 μM–2.3 mM), and good selectivity towards glucose determination. Furthermore, and most importantly, the detection of glucose was performed at a low potential (0.2 V vs. Ag). The high performance of the electrochemical biosensor was explained through surface exploration using field emission SEM, XPS, and impedance measurements. The electrochemical biosensor was successfully applied to glucose quantification in several real samples (commercial juices and a plant cell culture medium), exhibiting a high accuracy when compared with a classical spectrophotometric method. This electrochemical biosensor can be easily prepared and opens up a good alternative in the development of new sensitive glucose sensors.

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Photochromic properties of the molecule Azure A chloride in polyvinyl alcohol matrix

Journal of Molecular Structure ◽

10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.08.007 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1101 ◽

pp. 109-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Siyamak Shahab ◽

Liudmila Filippovich ◽

Rakesh Kumar ◽

Mahdieh Darroudi ◽

Mostafa Yousefzadeh Borzehandani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽

Photochromic Properties ◽

Azure A

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THE EFFECT OF DIGESTION WITH STREPTOMYCES HYALURONIDASE UPON CERTAIN HISTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS OF HYALURONIC ACID-CONTAINING TISSUES

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry ◽

10.1177/21.9.794 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 21 (9) ◽

pp. 794-803 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

KAZUYORI YAMADA

Keyword(s):

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Alcian Blue ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Colloidal Iron ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

High Iron ◽

Azure A ◽

Aldehyde Fuchsin ◽

Testicular Hyaluronidase

The effect of digestion with Streptomyces hyaluronidase upon certain histochemical reactions of hyaluronic acid-containing tissues has been studied in a series of human, mammalian and avian specimens. These histochemical reactions are those for the demonstration of neutral and sulfated and nonsulfated acid mucosaccharides such as periodic acid-Schiff, Alcian Blue (pH 1.0), azure A (pH 1.5), high iron diamine, aldehyde fuchsin, Alcian Blue (pH 2.5), Alcian Blue (pH 2.5)-periodic acid Schiff, azure A (pH 4.5), low iron diamine and colloidal iron. In addition, the effect of digestion with testicular hyaluronidase upon the same reactions of the same tissues was observed for comparison. Digestion with Streptomyces hyaluronidase diminishes the staining reactions due to hyaluronic acid but fails to affect those for neutral and sulfated acid mucosaccharides. These results indicate that digestion with Streptomyces hyaluronidase is a method of choice for the identification of hyaluronic acid in mucosaccharide histochemistry.

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