scholarly journals TRIPLICIDAD DE ARTERIAS RENALES DERECHAS CON DUPLICIDAD DE IZQUIERDAS: REPORTE DE CASO. Triplicity of right renal arteries and duplicity of left ones: Case report.

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Sandra Bahr Ulloa ◽  
Katia Guisado Zamora
Keyword(s):  
Left Renal Vein ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Renal Arteries ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Anatomical Variant ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
The Right

Durante la embriogénesis renal, ocurren fenómenos en su desarrollo que, de persistir en el adulto, se describen como variantes anatómicas. La presencia de arterias renales supernumerarias es una de variantes más frecuentes, pero la triplicidad de estas es rara.  Este trabajo tiene como objetivo reportar un caso de arterias renales supernumerarias derechas e izquierdas. El hallazgo se produjo durante una sesión de disección en los laboratorios docentes de anatomía humana de la universidad. El caso consiste en un bloque anatómico de cadáver femenino del cual se aisló el segmento urogenital. El mismo fue disecado en fresco por el método macroscópico directo y luego conservado en formol por el método de Thiel durante 10 días, para luego ser examinado y fotografiado. El bloque consta de dos riñones, derecho e izquierdo, con sus vasos arteriales y venosos unidos a la arteria aorta abdominal y vena cava inferior respectivamente. Las arterias renales halladas fueron cinco, mostrando una triplicidad de arterias renales derechas con duplicidad de izquierdas. Las arterias renales derechas presentan similar calibre y dos de sus ramas son arterias polares superiores, en el caso de las arterias izquierdas la superior presentó mayor calibre. Asociada a esta variante se encontró la vena renal izquierda en posición posterior a la arteria renal inferior izquierda. Es importante para la práctica médica conocer las posibles variantes vasculares renales que pueden presentarse, para efectuar correctos procedimientos diagnósticos radiológicos, así como las planificaciones preoperatorias adecuadas de intervenciones quirúrgicas. During renal embryogenesis, phenomena occur in its development that, if persist in adult age, will be described as anatomical variant. The presence of supernumerary renal arteries is one of the most frequent variants, but the triplicity of these is rare. The objective of this work is to report a case of right and left supernumerary renal arteries. This finding appeared during a dissection session at the university's laboratory of human anatomy. The report case consists on an anatomical block of a female cadaver from which the urogenital piece was isolated. It was dissected fresh by the direct macroscopic method and then preserved in formaldehyde by the Thiel’s method for 10 days, to be examined and photographed. The block consisted on two kidneys, right and left, with their arterial and venous vessels attached to the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava respectively. After the initial examination, five renal arteries were found, including a triplicity of right renal arteries and duplicity of left one. The right renal arteries have a similar caliber, with two branches as superior polar arteries. In regard to the left arteries, the superior artery presented greater caliber. Associated to these variants, left renal vein was in a posterior position in relation to the artery. It is important for medical practice to know the possible renal vascular variants that may occur, to carry out correct radiological diagnostic procedures and to adequately plan preoperative surgical interventions.

scholarly journals Inferior Vena Cava Duplication: Incidental Case in a Young Woman

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Coco ◽  
Sara Cecchini ◽  
Silvana Leanza ◽  
Massimo Viola ◽  
Stefano Ricci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Renal Vein ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Left Renal Vein ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Azygos Continuation ◽  
Vascular Structures ◽  
Double Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
The Right

A case of a double inferior vena cava (IVC) with retroaortic left renal vein, azygos continuation of the IVC, and presence of the hepatic portion of the IVC drained into the right renal vein is reported and the embryologic, clinical, and radiological significance is discussed. The diagnosis is suggested by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), which reveals the aberrant vascular structures. Awareness of different congenital anomalies of IVC is necessary for radiologists to avoid diagnostic pitfalls and they should be remembered because they can influence several surgical interventions and endovascular procedures.

scholarly journals Multiple bilateral variations in urogenital vasculature-A clinico-embryological perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (04) ◽  
pp. 236-240
Author(s):  
A. Thakur ◽  
H. Loh ◽  
V. Mehta ◽  
R. Suri ◽  
G. Rath
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Left Renal Vein ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Renal Arteries ◽  
Vertebral Level ◽  
Precise Knowledge ◽  
Main Renal Artery ◽  
The Right ◽  
Renal Transplantations ◽  
Accessory Renal Arteries

AbstractPrecise knowledge of urogenital vascular anomalies has become extremely important in the past decade with increasing numbers of renal transplantations, minimally invasive vascular surgeries and numerous radiologic procedures. We report the presence of multiple variations in urogenital vasculature bilaterally in a 52 year old male Indian cadaver. Twin renal arteries were encountered bilaterally. Main renal artery was originating bilaterally at L1 vertebral level and accessory renal arteries were originating as ventral branches of abdominal aorta at L3 vertebral level and were travelling to the lower part of the respective kidneys. Twin renal veins were draining the right kidney independently whereas the left renal vein was bifurcating into two tributaries and draining separately into the inferior vena cava. Multiple testicular veins were found bilaterally. This report will prove to be helpful in various surgical and radiological interventions performed in the field of urology.

scholarly journals Terminal bifurcation and unusual communication of left testicular vein with the left suprarenal vein

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satheesha Badagabettu Nayak ◽  
Ashwini Aithal Padur ◽  
Naveen Kumar ◽  
Deepthinath Reghunathan
Keyword(s):  
Renal Vein ◽  
Left Renal Vein ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Testicular Vein ◽  
Iatrogenic Injuries ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right ◽  
Unique Variation ◽  
Communicating Vein

Abstract Variations of the testicular veins are relevant in clinical cases of varicocele and in other therapeutic and diagnostic procedures. We report herein on a unique variation of the left testicular vein observed in an adult male cadaver. The left testicular vein bifurcated to give rise to left and right branches which terminated by joining the left renal vein. There was also an oblique communication between the two branches of the left testicular vein. A slender communicating vein arose from the left branch of the left testicular vein and ascended upwards in front of the left renal vein and terminated into the left suprarenal vein. The right branch of the testicular vein received an unnamed adipose tributary from the side of the abdominal aorta. Awareness of these venous anomalies can help surgeons accurately ligate abnormal venous communications and avoid iatrogenic injuries and it is important for proper surgical management.

Selective parasympathectomy of automatic and conductile tissues of the canine heart

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (1) ◽  
pp. H61-H68 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Randall ◽  
J. L. Ardell
Keyword(s):  
Vagal Stimulation ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Atrial Pacing ◽  
Canine Heart ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
The Right

From right thoracotomy (T4-T5), the canine heart was suspended in its pericardium to expose its major venous inputs. Vagal and sympathetic trunks were prepared for electrical stimulation (10-20 Hz, 5.0 ms, 3-5 V) before and after each separate denervation procedure. Vagal stimulation was instituted with and without concurrent atrial pacing. The following surgical interventions were performed. 1) The superior vena cava was cleared of connective and nervous tissues from the pericardial reflection caudally to the level of the right pulmonary artery. 2) The azygos vein was cleared, tied, and sectioned. 3) The right pulmonary veins were isolated and cleared intrapericardially. 4) The dorsal surface of the atria was dissected between the right and left pulmonary veins and painted with phenol. Each step in the procedure elicited successive stepwise deletion of parasympathetic influences on sinoatrial tissues of the canine heart with only minor ablation of sympathetic inputs. 5) Dissection of the triangular fat pad at the junction of the inferior vena cava and inferior left atrium eliminated the remaining parasympathetic efferent input to the heart with dramatic deletion of atrioventricular block during either left or right vagal stimulation, again with preservation of most of the sympathetic innervation. These experiments clearly demonstrate differential and selective inputs of parasympathetic pathways to sinoatrial (SAN) and atrioventricular (AVN) regions of the dog heart but relatively little interference with sympathetic distributions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Triple renal arteries and retro aortic left renal vein -a case report

2013 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
N. B.S. Parimala ◽  
Ch. Ratna Prabha ◽  
M. Prabhakara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Renal Vein ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Left Renal Vein ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Renal Arteries ◽  
Lateral Aspect ◽  
Technical Feasibility ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Elderly Female ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge

AbstractThe renal arteries take origin from the lateral aspect of aorta little below the origin of superior mesenteric artery at the level of L2 vertebra. During routine dissection of an elderly female cadaver aged 60 years triple renal arteries & retro aortic left renal vein was found. The comprehensive knowledge of the renal arterial pattern which remains as the key issue in determining the technical feasibility of surgical interventions as well as the post operative management.

scholarly journals Discovery of anatomic variant of saphenous nerve from human cadaver dissection

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (01) ◽  
pp. 005-007
Author(s):  
U. Ahmad ◽  
A. San ◽  
C. See ◽  
C. Taib ◽  
M. Moklas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Saphenous Nerve ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Sartorius Muscle ◽  
Anatomical Variant ◽  
Motor Branch ◽  
Adductor Canal ◽  
Medial Side ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

Abstract Introduction: Saphenous nerve is the longest and largest pure sensory nerve, supplying the medial side of the thigh, leg and foot. Materials and Methods: In the present case study, during routine cadaveric dissection of the antero-medial part of the thigh, an interesting anomalous pattern of saphenous nerve was seen in the right lower limb of a 62 years old embalmed male cadaver from the Department of Human Anatomy, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). Results: This saphenous nerve can be recognised as an unusual anatomical variant in which it gives a motor branch to the sartorius muscle during traversing the adductor canal and it was accompanied by blood vessels at the same time. The nerve continues its usual course and pierces the fascia lata, between the tendon of sartorius and gracilis and becomes subcutaneous. Conclusion: Knowledge of the variant anatomy of the saphenous nerve is important to surgeon in avoiding nerve injuries during adductor canal nerve block, nerve entrapment surgery, reconstructive surgery, pain management services and knee surgery successfully.

Effect of Flow Pulsatility on Modeling the Total Cavopulmonary Hemodynamics: A Numerical Investigation

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza H. Khiabani ◽  
Maria Restrepo ◽  
Elaine Tang ◽  
Diane De Zélicourt ◽  
Mark Fogel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Fontan Procedure ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Venous Flow ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
The Right

Single Ventricle Heart Defects (SVHD) are present in 2 per 1000 live births in the US. SVHD are characterized by cyanotic mixing between the de-oxygenated blood from the systemic circulation return and the oxygenated blood from the pulmonary arteries. Palliative surgical repairs (Fontan procedure) are performed to bypass the right ventricle in these patients. In current practice, the surgical interventions commonly result in the total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC). In this configuration the systemic venous returns (inferior vena cava, IVC, and superior vena cava, SVC) are directly routed to the right and left pulmonary arteries (RPA and LPA), bypassing the right heart. The resulting anatomy has complex and unsteady hemodynamics characterized by flow mixing and flow separation. Pulsation of the inlet venous flow during a cardiac cycle results in complex and unsteady flow patterns in the TCPC. Although various degrees of pulsatility have been observed in vivo, non-pulsatile (time-averaged) flow boundary conditions have traditionally been assumed in modeling TCPC hemodynamics, and only recently have pulsatile conditions been incorporated without completely characterizing their effect or importance. In this study, 3D numerical simulations were performed to predict TCPC hemodynamics with both pulsatile and non-pulsatile boundary conditions and to investigate the accuracy of applying non-pulsatile boundary conditions. Flow structures, energy dissipation rate and pressure drop were compared under rest and estimated exercise conditions. The results show that TCPC hemodynamics can be strongly influenced by the presence of pulsatile flow. However, there exists a minimum pulsatility threshold, identified by defining a weighted pulsatility index (wPI), above which the influence is significant.

scholarly journals Anatomical study of the renal veins observed during 342 living-donor nephrectomies

1997 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 1456-1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Costa Baptista-Silva ◽  
Marcos José Veríssimo ◽  
Marcos Joaquim Castro ◽  
André Luiz Guimarães Câmara ◽  
José Osmar Medina Pestana
Keyword(s):  
Renal Vein ◽  
Living Donor ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Left Renal Vein ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Renal Veins ◽  
Gonadal Vein ◽  
The Right

The anatomical variations of renal veins observed during 342 nephrectomies in living donors are described, 311 cases on the left side and 31 on the right. The following anatomy of the renocava veins was observed: 1. On the left side the renal vein was always unique (311/311) and had two tributaries (suprarenal and gonadal veins) in 100 per cent and one or more renolumbar veins in 65.27 per cent, encircling the aorta in 1.07 per cent, was retroaortic in 1.4 per cent; and the inferior vena cava was double in 0.64 per cent; B- on the right side the renal vein was double in 29 per cent (9/31) and had only one tributary (gonadal vein) in one case, for 3.22 per cent (1/ 31); three or more renal veins in 9.7 per cent (3/31). We concluded that the left renal vein is always unique, presenting variations principally in its tributaries and trajectory. On the right side, the renal vein was double or triple in 38.79 per cent

Modified Warden Operation With the Use of Femoral Vein Homograft for Repair of a Variant of Right-Sided Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-219
Author(s):  
Josue Chery ◽  
Karthik Ramakrishnan ◽  
Russel Cross ◽  
Richard A. Jonas
Keyword(s):  
Superior Vena Cava ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Pulmonary Venous Obstruction ◽  
Anatomical Variant ◽  
Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return ◽  
The Right ◽  
Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection

Surgical repair of right-sided partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) involves baffling the pulmonary vein across a naturally occurring or surgically created atrial septal defect without causing pulmonary venous or superior vena cava obstruction. A nine-year-old male presented to us with an unusual anatomical variant of right-sided partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection. The pulmonary veins draining the right upper and middle lobes connected to the azygous vein that drained in the usual fashion into the superior vena cava. The Warden operation was modified, with the use of femoral vein homograft, to avoid pulmonary venous obstruction.

scholarly journals Accessory polar renal artery not pre-operatively visualized at extra-peritoneal para-aortic lymphadenectomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1226-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melisa Madsen ◽  
Mikel Gorostidi ◽  
Ruben Ruiz ◽  
Ibon Jaunarena ◽  
Paloma Cobas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Artery ◽  
Endometrial Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Renal Arteries ◽  
Vascular Anomalies ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Pelvic Mri ◽  
The Right

The objective of this video is to describe the technique of extra-peritoneal para-aortic laparoscopic lymphadenectomy and emphasize potential vascular risks that should be taken into account during the procedure.The procedure was performed at Donostia University Hospital, a tertiary referral and educational center in San Sebastián, Spain.A 58-year-old woman, body mass index 25.4 kg/m2, G2P2, with a diagnosis of intermediate-risk endometrial adenocarcinoma, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) IBG2 based on pre-operative endometrial histology and pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but upstaged to high-risk endometrial adenocarcinoma on final report (IBG3). In our hospital, risk stratification is based on pelvic MRI (myometrial invasion, cervical invasion) and biopsy (histology and grade) to tailor surgery. Computed tomography (CT) scan pre-operatively is only performed for type 2 endometrial carcinoma and grade 3 histologies.The local institutional review board was consulted, which confirmed that the study was exempt from requiring approval.The patient underwent an extra-peritoneal para-aortic laparoscopic lymphadenectomy, trans-peritoneal bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy, and a total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.It is mandatory to check pre-operative imaging studies in order to identify vascular anomalies that are not uncommon and may increase the risk of vascular complications.1 Frequently these vascular anomalies, such as a retro-aortic left renal vein, or a double vena cava or left vena cava, may be a casual finding in the pre-operative study, and often such findings are not reported by the radiologist. It is vitally important that the surgeon checks for and identifies any such anomolies, as the risk of complications may be decreased if anomalies of this type are detected pre-operatively.In addition, in the case of existing polar renal arteries, these are frequently not identified in the pre-operative study,2 leading to a risk of injury and partial renal necrosis. There are several anatomical variations of the renal arteries, with an aortic lower polar artery found in 3% of cadavers and 1% of patients on CT, more frequently on the right side.3 Renovascular hypertension4 secondary to an injury of an accessory polar renal artery (APRA) has also been described.Although vascular anomalies, especially venous ones, are more frequently found at the infra-renal left level, in this video we show access to the right side of the dissection and the care that needs to be taken in order not to damage a vascular structure at this level. Special caution is required with the right side of the dissection so as not to injure any perforating veins, including Fellow's vein, when pushing all the nodes to the roof of the dissection.The dissection maneuvers are fine and blunt, establishing bridges of tissue to be sectioned, and thus identifying vascular structures, such as a right APRA that is to be identified and preserved.The surgeon must have a good knowledge of retro-peritoneal vascular anatomy, they should examine pre-operative imaging studies to check for vascular anomalies, and they need to possess an accurate surgical technique to avoid potential vascular injury during laparoscopic para-aortic lymphadenectomy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document