Distribution, Occupancy and Activity Patterns of Goral (Nemorhaedus goral) and Serow (Capricornis thar) in Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve, Sikkim, India

Mammal Study ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapajit Bhattacharya ◽  
Tawqir Bashir ◽  
Kamal Poudyal ◽  
Sambandam Sathyakumar ◽  
Goutam Kumar Saha
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Biosphere Reserve

scholarly journals SUGERENCIAS PARA ORGANIZAR, ADMINISTRAR Y EXPORTAR DATOS DE FOTO-TRAMPEO CON EL PROGRAMAWILD.ID

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Salvador Mandujano ◽  
Odalis Morteo-Montiel
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Massive Data ◽  
Wildlife Monitoring ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
R Packages ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Scientific Name

ResumenEl foto-trampeo es una técnica de monitoreo de fauna que permite de forma relativamente sencilla la obtención de cientos de miles de datos en formato de fotografía, pero que requiere de herramientas para organizar esta información. Para este fin se han creado programas y aplicaciones disponibles en internet. En este artículo se detalla los pasos principales para usar el programa Wild.ID el cual permite etiquetar y organizar fotos en un tiempo corto. Una vez instalado, el proceso consta de tres pasos: 1) crear un proyecto, 2) cargar las fotos y etiquetarlas con el nombre científico de las especies, y 3) generar archivos de salida en formato Excel y .csv los cuales pueden ser usados para analizar diferentes aspectos (riqueza de especies, ocupación y abundancia, captura-recaptura, patrones de actividad y otros) en otros programas y en paquetes R. Para ejemplificar el uso del programa, en este artículo se emplea una base de datos obtenidos de un proyecto de monitoreo de fauna en la Reserva de Biósfera Tehuacán-Cuicatlán.Palabras clave: cámaras-trampa, monitoreo, especies, etiquetar metadatos, gestión información, formatos exportables.AbstractThe photo-trapping is a growing method for wildlife monitoring since it allows obtaining hundreds of thousands of photos in a relatively simple way. Tools are required to manage this massive data in a simple way. For this purpose different programs and applications are available in internet. This article details the use of the Wild.ID program, which is easy to use; allow tagging and organizing many photos in a relatively short time. Once installed, the process consists of three steps: 1) create a project, 2) upload the photos and label them with the scientific name of the species, and 3) generate files in Excel and .csv formats which can be used to analyze different aspects (species richness, occupation and abundance, capture-recapture, activity patterns and others) in other programs and in R packages. To exemplify the use of this program, in this article is used a set of data obtained from a wildlife monitoring project in the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve. Wild.ID can be downloaded freely and works on the most common operating systems.Key words: cameras-trap, monitoring, species, label metadata, information management, exportable formats.

scholarly journals El jaguar Panthera onca (Carnivora: Felidae) en la Reserva de la Biosfera “El Cielo”, Tamaulipas, México

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogelio Carrera-Treviño ◽  
Ivan Lira-Torres ◽  
Luis Martínez-García ◽  
Martha López-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Didelphis Virginiana ◽  
Camera Trapping ◽  
Potential Prey ◽  
Panthera Onca ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
El Cielo Biosphere Reserve

Information on the ecology of jaguars (Panthera onca) in “El Cielo” Biosphere Reserve in Tamaulipas, Mexico is scant and limited to anecdotic records in a handful of publications. The objectives of our study were to: a) determine population density and structure of jaguars, b) compare their activity patterns with that of pumas (Puma concolor), c) ascertain potential prey relative abundance, and d) evaluate local resident’s perception on loss of domestic animals due to jaguar predation. Between April 2013 and April 2014 we conducted camera trapping in Gomez Farias Township with a total sampling effort of 8 580 camera trap days. Besides, we completed 136 semi-structured interviews among local residents of Gomez Farias and Llera Townships to gather information on domestic animal losses attributed to jaguars and other carnivores. We identified eight different jaguar individuals during a complete year of camera-trapping, composed of four adult females, one juvenile female, two adult males and one juvenile male. We estimated a jaguar density of 5.9 ± 1.3 jaguars/100 km². Activity patterns for jaguars and pumas were similar as both were nocturnal and crepuscular in nature. The most abundant potential prey species for jaguars in the study site were Crax rubra, Cuniculus paca, Mazama temama, Odocoileus virginianus and Didelphis virginiana; while the rarest were Mephitis macroura and Procyon lotor. Interview results suggested that chickens, dogs, and house cats were the most consumed domestic animals from all reported losses by local residents (n= 107). This study represents the first attempt to describe jaguar ecology in “El Cielo” Biosphere Reserve; however, there is a need of additional monitoring efforts to determine the current status of jaguars in a larger area in order to establish conservation strategies. Finally, this jaguar population may have an important role in maintaining the species in the Sierra Madre Oriental biological corridor connecting populations in Nuevo Leon and San Luis states in Northeastern Mexico.

scholarly journals Carnivore diversity at a montane rainforest site in Ecuador's Gran Sumaco Biosphere Reserve

Oryx ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie C. Hodge ◽  
Brian S. Arbogast
Keyword(s):  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Tropical Andes ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Carnivore Species ◽  
The One ◽  
Terrestrial Carnivore ◽  
Montane Rainforest

AbstractEcuador harbours a diverse assemblage of tropical mammals, yet the natural history and local-scale distributions of many species remain poorly understood. We conducted the first systematic camera-trap survey of terrestrial mammalian carnivores at Wildsumaco Wildlife Sanctuary, a mid-elevation (1,250–1,450 m), montane rainforest site on the slopes of Sumaco Volcano, in the heart of the Tropical Andes biodiversity hotspot. We quantified trap success, latency to detection and temporal activity patterns for each species detected. We recorded nine carnivore species (four felids, two procyonids and three mustelids), including the first verified record of the jaguarundi Puma yagouaroundi in the region. These species comprise one-third of all terrestrial carnivore species known to occur in Ecuador and 82% of those thought to occur at mid-elevation. All except one of the carnivores we detected have reported elevational ranges ≤ 1,500 m; the one exception, the puma Puma concolor, occurs throughout mainland Ecuador at 0–4,500 m. No cloud forest or highland species (i.e. those with a reported lower elevational limit of ≥ 1,500 m) were detected. Trap success was highest, and latency to detection smallest, for the margay Leopardis wiedii, and temporal activity patterns for all species were consistent with those reported previously in the literature. Our results demonstrate that the mid-elevation montane rainforests of Sumaco Volcano support an exceptionally high diversity of co-existing mammalian carnivores, many of which appear to be near their upper elevational limits, and emphasize the conservation value of this area.

scholarly journals The activity patterns and microhabitat use of Pseudis minuta Günther, 1858 (Anura, Hylidae) in the Lagoa do Peixe National Park, a biosphere reserve of the brazilian subtropics

2012 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Huckembeck ◽  
M. Claudino ◽  
F. Correa ◽  
RF. Bastos ◽  
D. Loebmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Coastal Dunes ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Generalist Species ◽  
Pseudis Minuta

Pseudis minuta is abundant in a variety of aquatic environments of the Pampa domain. Therefore, it can be considered a good model for testing hypotheses on environmental heterogeneity and the influence of climate on the activity of anurans. In this study, we examined the spatial distribution pattern of P. minuta in terms of microhabitats and the influence of abiotic factors on seasonal fluctuations in the abundance of this species. Samples were collected monthly from April 2008 to May 2009 in wetlands and coastal dunes in the Lagoa do Peixe National Park. A total of 112 specimens of P. minuta were collected, of which 45 were found in the wetland area and 67 in the dune area. The species showed seasonal fluctuation in abundance, and it was most abundant in months with higher temperatures (spring-summer). Pseudis minuta was mainly associated with aquatic vegetation, an expected pattern in terms of their morphological adaptations to this environment. Among the abiotic parameters analyzed, only the monthly mean temperature showed a significant correlation (p < 0.05; r = 0.67) with the abundance of P. minuta. We concluded that P. minuta is a generalist species with respect to microhabitat use and also that fluctuation in its population abundance is mainly associated with seasonal variation in temperature.

Unusual temporal niche overlap in a phytophagous bat ensemble of western Cuba

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 511-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Mancina ◽  
Ivan Castro-Arellano
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Temporal Niche ◽  
Artibeus Jamaicensis ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Tropical Evergreen Forest ◽  
Reproductive Females ◽  
Temporal Overlap

Abstract:We assessed the differences and similarities in diel activities among five phytophagous bat species at two habitats over two seasons within the Sierra del Rosario Biosphere Reserve in Cuba. We characterized temporal patterns of activity and overlap of temporal activity for frugivore and nectarivore bat species (Artibeus jamaicensis, Monophyllus redmani, Phyllonycteris poeyi, Phyllops falcatus and Brachyphylla nana) that occur in tropical evergreen forest sites with distinct altitude and vegetation structure during wet and dry seasons. Capture frequencies using mist-nets of 1180 capture events were the empirical basis for analyses. For each species we compared activity patterns between habitats, between seasons, between males and females, as well as between reproductive and non-reproductive females. We also assessed temporal overlap among each possible pair of species at each habitat and used Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate assemblage-wide temporal niche overlap using a new algorithm, termed Rosario, designed specifically for temporal data. The two habitats had the same species composition and bat diel rhythms tended to be consistent across habitats, seasons and sexes for most bat species. In general bat species pairwise temporal niche overlap was high, and the ensemble-wide temporal overlap was consistently high across habitats and seasons indicating a common constraint for bat activities. Activity peaks of most bat species coincided at 4–5 h after sunset, this being in sharp contrast to other Neotropical bat assemblages at continental sites where activity peaks usually overlap within the first 2 h after sunset. This strong disparity in timing of activity peaks between continental and insular bat assemblages can provide the framework for the generation of hypotheses that explain the potential role of time as a mediator of ecological interactions in bat assemblages.

scholarly journals Visitation patterns of jaguars Panthera onca (Carnivora: Felidae) to isolated water ponds in a tropical forest landscape

Therya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Gaitán ◽  
Vivian R. González-Castillo ◽  
Gerber D. Guzmán-Flores ◽  
Andrea L. Aguilera ◽  
Manolo J. García
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Forest Landscape ◽  
Panthera Onca ◽  
Visitation Rates ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Bodies Of Water

Jaguar populations have declined dramatically in the last century.  The Maya Biosphere Reserve (MBR) within the Selva Maya (SM) is a priority area for jaguar conservation.  Influential factors in the jaguar seasonal distribution include the availability of surface water in wetlands such as the “aguadas” and the availability of prey.  Aguadas are formed by isolated depressions in the landscape and serve as a water supply for wildlife during dry periods.  The goal of this study was to describe the visitation patterns of jaguars to aguadas in a Tropical forest at Dos Lagunas Protected Biotopo, a core zone of the MBR, Guatemala.  We used camera-trap data from seven aguadas during the dry seasons 2014-2017.  We determined visitation rates (VR, records for 1,000 trap-days) and activity patterns (AP) of jaguars for all years, aguadas, and sexes.  We tested for significant differences in AP between sexes, and we estimated the coefficient of overlap (D) for female and male jaguar activity.  We recorded 14 individuals (five females, eight males, and one unsexed) in 60 visit events.  Jaguars have significant more diurnal activity at aguadas, and showed a VR = 13.1 for 1,000 trap-days. VR varied between aguadas (VR = 9.5 – 19.4), years (VR = 1.9 – 39.2) and sexes (VR = 6.1 for females and 5.5 for males).  We did not find significant differences in the AP of female and male jaguars (P > 0.05). The coefficient of overlap between activity of females and males was D = 0.77 (95 % confidence interval: 0.70 to 0.84; P > 0.05).  Aguadas may represent regular sites of jaguar home-ranges overlap for the important resources they provide for wildlife during the dry season.  Aguadas could play an important role in the conservation and management of jaguar populations since the spatial distribution of these bodies of water is scattered, but ecologically important for jaguars within the MBR and the SM.  Aguadas also, are important landscape features that could influence the spatial interactions of individuals. We encourage jaguar researchers to increase investigation on jaguars visiting aguadas and other wetlands in the SM to better understand the jaguar activity patterns and sex-specific habitat requirements.

scholarly journals Diversidad y patrones de actividad de mamíferos medianos y grandes en la Reserva de la Biosfera La Encrucijada, Chiapas, México

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 634
Author(s):  
Julio C. Hernández Hernández ◽  
Cuauhtémoc Chávez ◽  
Rurik List
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Large Mammals ◽  
Dasypus Novemcinctus ◽  
Nasua Narica ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Dry Seasons

Diversity and activity patterns of medium and large mammals in La Encrucijada Biosphere Reserve, Chiapas, Mexico. In Mexico, wetlands occupy an important portion of the country, among them, mangroves are particularly diverse. La Encrucijada Biosphere Reserve (ENBIRE) is a coastal ecosystem of mangrove located along the Pacific Coastal Plain in the Southwestern portion of Chiapas state. The ENBIRE mangroves are among the most important of the American Pacific Coast, highlighting the role they play in the maintenance of the community of mammals on the coast of the state. There are few studies in Mexico related to the mammals associated with these ecosystems, our aim was to estimate the diversity and activity patterns of medium and large mammals in the ENBIRE. Sampling was conducted from August 2015 to August 2016 using camera traps. We obteined 1 851 independent photographs records, with a total sampling effort of 5 400 trap-days. Nineteen species of mammals were registered belonging to 15 families and seven orders, and five species were new records to the area. Six species present are listed, two as endangered and four as threatened. Interpolation and extrapolation analyzes showed an asymptotic trend in the curves for the rainy and dry seasons. The coverage of the sample for both seasons was 99.9 % and 99.8 %, respectively, indicating that both cases were a representative sample. According to the relative abundance index obtained, the most abundant species were Procyon lotor (IAR = 4.35), Nasua narica (IAR = 3.91), Philander opossum (IAR = 2.04), Cuniculus paca (IAR = 1.89), Didelphis marsupialis (IAR = 1.67) and Dasypus novemcinctus (IAR = 1.02). In terms of patterns of activity C. paca, P. opossum, D. marsupialis and D. novemcinctus were primarily nocturnal; P. lotor showed a tendency towards nocturnal habits but was also recorded during the day; N. narica was mainly diurnal. This information can be useful to the creation of management programs and the conservation of medium and large mammals in the ENBIRE, especially for species at risk. Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(2): 634-646. Epub 2018 June 01. 

scholarly journals Activity overlap of carnivores, their potential wild prey, and temporal segregation, with livestock in a Biosphere Reserve in the Chihuahuan Desert

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Durán-Antonio ◽  
Alberto González-Romero ◽  
Vinicio J Sosa
Keyword(s):  
Daily Activity ◽  
Chihuahuan Desert ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Lynx Rufus ◽  
Temporal Segregation ◽  
Risk Of Predation ◽  
Lepus Californicus

Abstract Daily activity is an important aspect of animal behavior and depends both on nutritional and reproductive demands. It also can be modified by—among other factors—interspecific competition, the need to minimize the risk of predation, and human disturbance, such as the presence of cattle. We studied the activity patterns and degree of overlap among carnivores, their potential wild prey, and livestock, in a Biosphere Reserve in the Chihuahuan Desert. There was no temporal segregation among the carnivores. Carnivores synchronized their activity with that of their main prey, the black-tailed jackrabbit (Lepus californicus). In contrast, we did observe temporal segregation between the puma (Puma concolor), coyote (Canis latrans), and bobcat (Lynx rufus), with mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). There was little activity overlap between predators and livestock (Bos taurus, Equus caballus). However, to avoid conflict resulting from livestock predation we suggest increasing and improving surveillance, and that calves and females close to calving be sheltered. More studies on the multi-niche interactions of livestock and their wild predators are needed to understand daily activity overlap in different seasons, and to better understand the mechanisms of coexistence in protected areas in order to make sound management recommendations to cattle growers and park rangers.

scholarly journals Diversity and activity patterns of medium- and large-sized terrestrial mammals at the Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve, México

Therya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-248
Author(s):  
Jesús Alejandro Ríos-Solís ◽  
José Juan Flores-Martínez ◽  
Víctor Sánchez-Cordero ◽  
Mario C. Lavariega
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Los Tuxtlas ◽  
Trapping Rate ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Terrestrial Mammal ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
Landscape Degradation

Studies on diversity of animal communities allow determination of their species richness and composition.  This information is particularly relevant to establish sound conservation programs in biosphere reserves, where human activities should be focused on the sustainable use of natural resources and ensure biodiversity protection.  This study estimated the diversity and species richness and determined the species composition and activity patterns of medium- and large-sized terrestrial mammals in the Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve (LTBR) located in Veracruz, Mexico.  We set 18 camera traps to record medium and large-sized terrestrial mammals from August 2016 to January 2017.  We calculated the trapping rate, guilds, and activity patterns of species.  Diversity was estimated with Hill numbers.  We compared our estimates with other studies in tropical forest in Mexico.  We obtained 308 independent captures of 13 species; Cuniculus paca and Dasyprocta mexicana were the species with the highest trapping rate.  Order-0, order-1, and order-2 diversity values were 13.99, 6.50, and 4.75 effective species, respectively, which ranks LTBR the fourth-most diverse reserve of medium- and large-sized terrestrial mammals compared to six other tropical rainforest sites in southern Mexico.  We recorded mammals representing five trophic guilds, of which frugivore-folivores (five species) and omnivores (three species) ranked highest.  All recorded species were primarily nocturnal (six species) or diurnal (six species).  Tamandua mexicana, Leopardus pardalis, L. wiedii, and Eira barbara are listed as endangered in the Mexican Official Standard Norm NOM-059-2019, and L. wiedii is listed as near threatened in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.  We were able to record 40.6 % of the terrestrial mammal species known to inhabit the LTBR.  The absence of large-sized species such as large predators and herbivores was notable.  Comparison of medium and large-sized mammal diversity of camera trapping studies in Mexico show that landscape degradation is impoverishing terrestrial mammal communities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document