scholarly journals SUGERENCIAS PARA ORGANIZAR, ADMINISTRAR Y EXPORTAR DATOS DE FOTO-TRAMPEO CON EL PROGRAMAWILD.ID

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Salvador Mandujano ◽  
Odalis Morteo-Montiel
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Massive Data ◽  
Wildlife Monitoring ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
R Packages ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Scientific Name

ResumenEl foto-trampeo es una técnica de monitoreo de fauna que permite de forma relativamente sencilla la obtención de cientos de miles de datos en formato de fotografía, pero que requiere de herramientas para organizar esta información. Para este fin se han creado programas y aplicaciones disponibles en internet. En este artículo se detalla los pasos principales para usar el programa Wild.ID el cual permite etiquetar y organizar fotos en un tiempo corto. Una vez instalado, el proceso consta de tres pasos: 1) crear un proyecto, 2) cargar las fotos y etiquetarlas con el nombre científico de las especies, y 3) generar archivos de salida en formato Excel y .csv los cuales pueden ser usados para analizar diferentes aspectos (riqueza de especies, ocupación y abundancia, captura-recaptura, patrones de actividad y otros) en otros programas y en paquetes R. Para ejemplificar el uso del programa, en este artículo se emplea una base de datos obtenidos de un proyecto de monitoreo de fauna en la Reserva de Biósfera Tehuacán-Cuicatlán.Palabras clave: cámaras-trampa, monitoreo, especies, etiquetar metadatos, gestión información, formatos exportables.AbstractThe photo-trapping is a growing method for wildlife monitoring since it allows obtaining hundreds of thousands of photos in a relatively simple way. Tools are required to manage this massive data in a simple way. For this purpose different programs and applications are available in internet. This article details the use of the Wild.ID program, which is easy to use; allow tagging and organizing many photos in a relatively short time. Once installed, the process consists of three steps: 1) create a project, 2) upload the photos and label them with the scientific name of the species, and 3) generate files in Excel and .csv formats which can be used to analyze different aspects (species richness, occupation and abundance, capture-recapture, activity patterns and others) in other programs and in R packages. To exemplify the use of this program, in this article is used a set of data obtained from a wildlife monitoring project in the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve. Wild.ID can be downloaded freely and works on the most common operating systems.Key words: cameras-trap, monitoring, species, label metadata, information management, exportable formats.

scholarly journals PAQUETE camtrapR PARA GESTIONAR DATOS DE FOTO-TRAMPEO: APLICACIÓN EN LA RESERVA DE LA BIOSFERA TEHUACÁN-CUICATLÁN

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Eva López-Tello ◽  
Salvador Mandujano
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
R Package ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
R Packages ◽  
Visualization Of Data ◽  
Short Time

ResumenEl empleo de cámaras trampa es un método que se ha popularizado en la última década debido al desarrollo tecnológico que ha hecho más accesible la adquisición de este equipo. Una de las ventajas de este método es que podemos obtener mucha información en poco tiempo de diferentes especies. Sin embargo, existen pocos programas que faciliten la organización y extracción de la información de una gran cantidad de imágenes. Recientemente se ha puesto disponible libremente el paquete R llamado camtrapR, el cual sirve para extraer los metadatos de las imágenes, crear tablas de registros independientes, registros de presencia/ausencia para ocupación, y gráficos espaciales. Para comprobar la funcionalidad del programa en este artículo presentamos seis ejemplos de las principales funciones de camtrapR. Para esto se utilizó un conjunto de imágenes obtenidas con 10 cámaras-trampa en una localidad de la Reserva de la Biosfera Tehuacán-Cuicatlán. camtrapR se aplicó para probar los siguientes objetivos: organización y manejo de las fotos, clasificación por especie, identificación individual, extracción de metadatos por especie y/o individuos, exploración y visualización de datos, y exportación de datos para análisis de ocupación. Está disponible libre el código R utilizado en este trabajo. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos se considera que camtrapR es un paquete eficiente para facilitar y reducir el tiempo de extracción de los metadatos de las imágenes; así mismo es posible obtener los registros independientes sin errores de omisión o duplicación de datos. Además, permite crear archivos *.csv que después pueden ser analizados con otros paquetes R o programas para otros propósitos.Palabras clave: base de datos, historias de captura, metadatos, R. AbstractThe camera-trap is a method that has become popular in the last decade due to the technological development that has made the acquisition of this equipment more accessible. One of the advantages of this method is that we can get a lot of information in a short time for different species. However, there are few programs that facilitate the organization and extraction of information from large number of images. Recently, the R package called camtrapR has been made freely available, which serves to extract the metadata from the images, create independent record tables, occupation presence/absence registers and spatial graphics. To check the functionality of this package, in this article we present six examples of how to use the main functions of camtrapR. For this purpose, we used a data set of images obtained with 10 cameras in the location of the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve. camtrapR was applied to test the following objectives: organization and management of the photos, classification by species, individual identification, extraction of metadata by species and individuals, exploration and visualization of data, and export of data for analysis of occupation. The R code used in this work is available freely in line. According to our results, camtrapR is an efficient package to facilitate and reduce the extraction time of the metadata of the images; it is also possible to obtain the independent records without errors of omission or duplication of data. In addition, it allows to create * .csv files that can then be analyzed with other R packages or programs for different objectives.Key words: capture histories, database, metadata, organization, R.

scholarly journals Diversity and activity patterns of medium- and large-sized terrestrial mammals at the Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve, México

Therya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-248
Author(s):  
Jesús Alejandro Ríos-Solís ◽  
José Juan Flores-Martínez ◽  
Víctor Sánchez-Cordero ◽  
Mario C. Lavariega
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Los Tuxtlas ◽  
Trapping Rate ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Terrestrial Mammal ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
Landscape Degradation

Studies on diversity of animal communities allow determination of their species richness and composition.  This information is particularly relevant to establish sound conservation programs in biosphere reserves, where human activities should be focused on the sustainable use of natural resources and ensure biodiversity protection.  This study estimated the diversity and species richness and determined the species composition and activity patterns of medium- and large-sized terrestrial mammals in the Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve (LTBR) located in Veracruz, Mexico.  We set 18 camera traps to record medium and large-sized terrestrial mammals from August 2016 to January 2017.  We calculated the trapping rate, guilds, and activity patterns of species.  Diversity was estimated with Hill numbers.  We compared our estimates with other studies in tropical forest in Mexico.  We obtained 308 independent captures of 13 species; Cuniculus paca and Dasyprocta mexicana were the species with the highest trapping rate.  Order-0, order-1, and order-2 diversity values were 13.99, 6.50, and 4.75 effective species, respectively, which ranks LTBR the fourth-most diverse reserve of medium- and large-sized terrestrial mammals compared to six other tropical rainforest sites in southern Mexico.  We recorded mammals representing five trophic guilds, of which frugivore-folivores (five species) and omnivores (three species) ranked highest.  All recorded species were primarily nocturnal (six species) or diurnal (six species).  Tamandua mexicana, Leopardus pardalis, L. wiedii, and Eira barbara are listed as endangered in the Mexican Official Standard Norm NOM-059-2019, and L. wiedii is listed as near threatened in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.  We were able to record 40.6 % of the terrestrial mammal species known to inhabit the LTBR.  The absence of large-sized species such as large predators and herbivores was notable.  Comparison of medium and large-sized mammal diversity of camera trapping studies in Mexico show that landscape degradation is impoverishing terrestrial mammal communities.

Monitoring of small rock pools reveals differential effects of chronic anthropogenic disturbance on birds and mammals in the Calakmul region, southern Mexico

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Carlos M. Delgado-Martínez ◽  
Fredy Alvarado ◽  
Melanie Kolb ◽  
Eduardo Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Anthropogenic Disturbance ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rock Pools ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Great attention has been drawn to the impacts of habitat deforestation and fragmentation on wildlife species richness. In contrast, much less attention has been paid to assessing the impacts of chronic anthropogenic disturbance on wildlife species composition and behaviour. We focused on natural small rock pools (sartenejas), which concentrate vertebrate activity due to habitat’s water limitation, to assess the impact of chronic anthropogenic disturbance on the species richness, diversity, composition, and behaviour of medium and large-sized birds and mammals in the highly biodiverse forests of Calakmul, southern Mexico. Camera trapping records of fauna using sartenejas within and outside the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve (CBR) showed that there were no effects on species richness, but contrasts emerged when comparing species diversity, composition, and behaviour. These effects differed between birds and mammals and between species: (1) bird diversity was greater outside the CBR, but mammal diversity was greater within and (2) the daily activity patterns of birds differed slightly within and outside the CBR but strongly contrasted in mammals. Our study highlights that even in areas supporting extensive forest cover, small-scale chronic anthropogenic disturbances can have pervasive negative effects on wildlife and that these effects contrast between animal groups.

scholarly journals Environmental filtering and spillover explain multi-species edge responses across agricultural boundaries in a biosphere reserve

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. van Schalkwyk ◽  
J. S. Pryke ◽  
M. J. Samways ◽  
R. Gaigher
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Habitat Quality ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Environmental Filtering ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Habitat Specificity ◽  
Induced Changes

Abstract To ensure integrity of protected areas we need to understand how species respond to anthropogenic borders. We investigate, from a metacommunity perspective, the direct and indirect mechanisms by which transformed areas affect distribution patterns of ground-living arthropod assemblages inhabiting an extensive protected area adjacent to fruit orchards in an important biosphere reserve. Arthropods and environmental variables were sampled along transects perpendicular to natural-orchard edges. Influence of distance from orchard boundary, degree of impermeability of the boundary, orchard habitat quality (local scale land-use intensity), and edge-induced changes in local environmental variables on arthropod species richness and composition in non-crop habitats were assessed. Arthropod groups were assessed in terms of habitat fidelity: species associated with natural habitat (stenotopic species), those within crop habitat (cultural species), and those showing no preference for either habitat (ubiquitous species). Spillover resulted in higher cultural species richness near edges, but not higher overall species richness. Environmental filtering was important for stenotopic species composition, which was influenced by edge-induced changes in environmental variables. Ubiquitous species composition was determined by orchard impermeability. Increased orchard habitat quality was associated with higher cultural and ubiquitous species richness. The effects of orchards on assemblages in natural habitats can be variable, but predictable when using species habitat specificity in conjunction with a metacommunity framework. High intensity orchards may act as sink habitats, especially for species that readily disperse between crop and natural habitats. Here we recommend that local buffer strips are > 85 m wide, which will reduce the influence of cultural species spillover on sensitive natural ecosystems.

Distribution, Occupancy and Activity Patterns of Goral (Nemorhaedus goral) and Serow (Capricornis thar) in Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve, Sikkim, India

Mammal Study ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapajit Bhattacharya ◽  
Tawqir Bashir ◽  
Kamal Poudyal ◽  
Sambandam Sathyakumar ◽  
Goutam Kumar Saha
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Biosphere Reserve

scholarly journals Estimating species richness with capture–recapture models: choice of model when sampling in heterogeneous conditions

Bird Study ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic Jiguet ◽  
Olivier Renault ◽  
Aurelie Petiau
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Capture Recapture

Seasonal Occurrence of Adult Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in West-Central Illinois

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-343
Author(s):  
Kenneth W. McCravy ◽  
Jason E. Willand
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tallgrass Prairie ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
West Central ◽  
Central Illinois

Abstract The Carabidae is a diverse family of beetles with many species of interest in conservation and biological control. Carabid beetle adult seasonal activity patterns were studied in a west-central Illinois forest/reconstructed tallgrass prairie matrix over a 2-yr period using pitfall traps. We found a threefold or greater difference in carabid abundance between years. Despite lower abundance, a second year of sampling yielded seven previously undetected species. Abundance and species richness were greatest in May–July and lower in August–October. Relative abundance and species richness were consistent among months between years. Shannon diversity and effective number of species were lowest in June and July. Cyclotrachelus sodalis (LeConte) and Chlaenius platyderus Chaudoir were the two most abundant species, comprising 54.3% of total captures. These species were most abundant in July and June, respectively. Most species showed greatest abundance in spring or early summer, and declined thereafter. Collections of several species were suggestive of bimodal seasonal patterns. Carabid species composition differed significantly among months, but not between years. Our results document seasonal variation in carabid abundance and species composition, and show that sampling throughout the growing season, and multiple sampling years, provide substantial benefits for assessments of carabid diversity in this region.

Metal Content and Community Structure of Cryptogam Bioindicators in relation to Vehicular Traffic in Montseny Biosphere Reserve (Catalonia, Spain)

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Glenn ◽  
A. Gomez-Bolea ◽  
R. Lobello
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Quercus Ilex ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Airborne Particles ◽  
Vehicular Traffic ◽  
Fungal Parasites

AbstractThe health, abundance, metal content and species richness of corticolous macrolichens and bryophytes of Quercus ilex were compared at nine roadside stations in Montseny Biosphere Reserve, 40 km NNE of Barcelona, and at a control site outside the industrial metropolis. Stations were characterized by traffic levels and the correlated parameter airborne particles. Corticolous flora at all stations was dominated by sorediate Parmelia species (P. caperata, P. soredians, P. subrudecta, P. subaurifera, P. sulcata and P. perlata). Damage, mainly due to arthropod feeding and fungal parasites, ranged from 14 to 33% of mean cover per station in the park and was 10% at the control site. Elevated levels of Pb, Zn and Cu were found in large thalli near the roadsides.

scholarly journals El jaguar Panthera onca (Carnivora: Felidae) en la Reserva de la Biosfera “El Cielo”, Tamaulipas, México

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogelio Carrera-Treviño ◽  
Ivan Lira-Torres ◽  
Luis Martínez-García ◽  
Martha López-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Didelphis Virginiana ◽  
Camera Trapping ◽  
Potential Prey ◽  
Panthera Onca ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
El Cielo Biosphere Reserve

Information on the ecology of jaguars (Panthera onca) in “El Cielo” Biosphere Reserve in Tamaulipas, Mexico is scant and limited to anecdotic records in a handful of publications. The objectives of our study were to: a) determine population density and structure of jaguars, b) compare their activity patterns with that of pumas (Puma concolor), c) ascertain potential prey relative abundance, and d) evaluate local resident’s perception on loss of domestic animals due to jaguar predation. Between April 2013 and April 2014 we conducted camera trapping in Gomez Farias Township with a total sampling effort of 8 580 camera trap days. Besides, we completed 136 semi-structured interviews among local residents of Gomez Farias and Llera Townships to gather information on domestic animal losses attributed to jaguars and other carnivores. We identified eight different jaguar individuals during a complete year of camera-trapping, composed of four adult females, one juvenile female, two adult males and one juvenile male. We estimated a jaguar density of 5.9 ± 1.3 jaguars/100 km². Activity patterns for jaguars and pumas were similar as both were nocturnal and crepuscular in nature. The most abundant potential prey species for jaguars in the study site were Crax rubra, Cuniculus paca, Mazama temama, Odocoileus virginianus and Didelphis virginiana; while the rarest were Mephitis macroura and Procyon lotor. Interview results suggested that chickens, dogs, and house cats were the most consumed domestic animals from all reported losses by local residents (n= 107). This study represents the first attempt to describe jaguar ecology in “El Cielo” Biosphere Reserve; however, there is a need of additional monitoring efforts to determine the current status of jaguars in a larger area in order to establish conservation strategies. Finally, this jaguar population may have an important role in maintaining the species in the Sierra Madre Oriental biological corridor connecting populations in Nuevo Leon and San Luis states in Northeastern Mexico.

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