Demonstration by X-Ray Microprobe Analysis of Relationship Between Chondrocytes and Tertiary Surface Structure of Hyaline Articular Cartilage

Characteristic fluorescenceThe theory of characteristic fluorescence corrections was first developed by Castaing. The same approach, with an improved expression for the relative primary x-ray intensities of the exciting and excited elements, was used by Reed, who also introduced some simplifications, which may be summarized as follows (with reference to K-K fluorescence, i.e. K radiation of element ‘B’ exciting K radiation of ‘A’):1.The exciting radiation is assumed to be monochromatic, consisting of the Kα line only (neglecting the Kβ line).2.Various parameters are lumped together in a single tabulated function J(A), which is assumed to be independent of B.3.For calculating the absorption of the emerging fluorescent radiation, the depth distribution of the primary radiation B is represented by a simple exponential.These approximations may no longer be justifiable given the much greater computing power now available. For example, the contribution of the Kβ line can easily be calculated separately.

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Do selenium hyperaccumulators affect selenium speciation in neighboring plants and soil? An X-Ray Microprobe Analysis

International Journal of Phytoremediation ◽

10.1080/15226514.2014.987374 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (8) ◽

pp. 753-765 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Ali F. El Mehdawi ◽

Stormy D. Lindblom ◽

Jennifer J. Cappa ◽

Sirine C. Fakra ◽

Elizabeth A. H. Pilon-Smits

Keyword(s):

Microprobe Analysis ◽

Selenium Speciation ◽

X Ray

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Coiraite, (Pb,Sn2+)12.5As3Fe2+Sn4+5 S28: a franckeite-type new mineral species from Jujuy Province, NW Argentina

Mineralogical Magazine ◽

10.1180/minmag.2008.072.5.1083 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 72 (5) ◽

pp. 1083-1101 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

W. H. Paar ◽

Y. Moëlo ◽

N. N. Mozgova ◽

N. I. Organova ◽

C. J. Stanley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Microprobe Analysis ◽

Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽

Mineral Species ◽

New Mineral ◽

Hydrothermal Solutions ◽

X Ray ◽

New Mineral Species ◽

Primary Mineral ◽

The Ideal

AbstractCoiraite, ideally (Pb,Sn2+)12.5As3Fe2+Sn4+S28, occurs as an economically important tin ore in the large Ag-Sn-Zn polymetallic Pirquitas deposit, Jujuy Province, NW-Argentina. The new mineral species is the As derivative of franckeite and belongs to the cylindrite group of complex Pb sulphosalts with incommensurate composite-layered structures. It is a primary mineral, frequently found in colloform textures, and formed from hydrothermal solutions at low temperature. Associated minerals are franckeite, cylindrite, pyrite-marcasite, as well as minor amounts of hocartite, Ag-rich rhodostannite. arsenopyrite and galena. Laminae of coiraite consist of extremely thin bent platy crystals up to 50 urn long. Electron microprobe analysis (n = 31) gave an empirical formula Pb11.21As2.99Ag0.13Fe1.10Sn6.13S28.0 close to the ideal formula (Pb11.3Sn2+1.2)Σ=12.5As3Fe2+Sn4+S28. Coiraite has two monoclinic sub-cells, Q (pseudotetragonal) and H (pseudohexagonal). Q: a 5.84(1) Å, b 5.86(1) Å, c 17.32(1) Å, β 94.14(1)°, F 590.05(3) Å3, Z = 4, a:b:c = 0.997:1:2.955; H (orthogonal setting): a 6.28(1) Å, b 3.66(1) Å, c 17.33(1) Å, β 91.46(1)°, V398.01(6) Å3, Z = 2, a∶b∶c = 1.716∶1∶4.735. The strongest Debye-Scherrer camera X-ray powder-diffraction lines [d in Å, (I), (hkl)] are: 5.78, (20), (Q and H 003); 4.34, (40), (Q 004); 3.46, (30), (Q and H 005); 3.339, (20), (Q 104); 2.876, (100), (Q and H 006); 2.068, (60), (Q 220).

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Applications and Future Prospects for X-ray Fluorescence Microprobe Analysis

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927607076891 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 13 (S02) ◽

Author(s):

B Lai ◽

S Vogt ◽

J Maser ◽

B Ravel ◽

K Kemner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microprobe Analysis ◽

Future Prospects ◽

X Ray

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Introduction to x-ray spectrometry: x-ray fluorescence and electron microprobe analysis

Analytica Chimica Acta ◽

10.1016/s0003-2670(00)80316-5 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 218 ◽

pp. 353-354

Author(s):

K.L. Williams ◽

A.H. Cuttler

Keyword(s):

Electron Microprobe ◽

Microprobe Analysis ◽

Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽

X Ray

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A simple X-ray standing wave technique for surface structure determination - theory and an application

Surface Science ◽

10.1016/0039-6028(88)90794-7 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 195 (1-2) ◽

pp. 237-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 102

Author(s):

D.P. Woodruff ◽

D.L. Seymour ◽

C.F. McConville ◽

C.E. Riley ◽

M.D. Crapper ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Structure ◽

Standing Wave ◽

Structure Determination ◽

X Ray ◽

Wave Technique

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Surface structure, nanocrystallite and defects in (ZrTi)CN nanocomposite irradiated by electron beam

International Journal of Modern Physics B ◽

10.1142/s0217979221501113 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 2150111

Author(s):

M. Yu. Tashmetov ◽

I. I. Yuldashova ◽

N. B. Ismatov

Keyword(s):

Electron Beam ◽

Surface Structure ◽

Electron Beam Irradiation ◽

Rietveld Method ◽

Nanocomposite Coating ◽

Beam Irradiation ◽

X Ray ◽

Nanocrystallite Size ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Cubic Structure

Effect of 2 MeV electron beam at the current density 0.09 nA/cm2 on surface structure, nanocrystallite size of (ZrTi)CN nanocomposite coating on steel was investigated at Scanning Electron and Atomic Force microscopes, and also X-ray diffractometer. Using the Rietveld method, two structure phases were indentified in the pristine samples: (ZrTi)(CN)-cubic (space group Fm-3m) and TiC — trigonal (sp.gr.R-3m). Electron beam irradiation to the fluency of [Formula: see text] electron/cm2 resulted in the phase transition of TiC from trigonal (sp.gr.R-3m) to cubic structure (sp.gr.Fm-3m). Besides, nanocrystallite size and shape have changed after the fluency [Formula: see text] electron/cm2. The lattice parameters have increased up to [Formula: see text] electron/cm2 fluence and the nanorcrystallite size of nanocomposite was enlarged 26%, which was attributed to generation of defects.

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