A cross-country study on the country-specific factors in international comparison of public social expenditure

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how private pension supervisors in selected jurisdictions monitor and address lost pension accounts and unclaimed pension assets or benefits and draw supervisory implications. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on the survey on private pension schemes of selected International Organisation of Pension Supervisors member jurisdictions. Findings This paper finds that there are differences in severity of the issue of lost pension accounts and unclaimed pension benefits among jurisdictions, and that pension supervisors/regulators differ with regard to awareness of and approaches taken to handle this issue. Some jurisdictions show a well-established systematic approach to deal effectively with the problem of lost pension accounts or unclaimed benefits, while other jurisdictions are yet to recognise and tackle the issue. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first larger cross-country study on lost pension accounts and unclaimed benefits in private pension schemes. The paper presents international comparison of this issue in 32 different jurisdictions and provides examples of good supervisory or regulatory practices.

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The Cross-country Determinants of Potential and Actual Migration

International Migration Review ◽

10.1111/imre.12137 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 48 (1_suppl) ◽

pp. 37-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

Frédéric Docquier ◽

Giovanni Peri ◽

Ilse Ruyssen

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Destination Country ◽

The Other ◽

Average Income ◽

Step Process ◽

Country Factors ◽

Specific Factors ◽

Cross Country ◽

College Educated ◽

Country Specific

In this study, we use cross-country bilateral data to quantify a two-step process of international migration and its aggregate determinants. We first analyze which country-specific factors affect the probability that individuals join the pool of potential (aspiring) migrants. Then, we consider the bilateral and destination country factors that affect the frequency at which potential migrants turn into actual migrants. Using information on potential migrants from World Gallup surveys and on actual migrants from national censuses for 138 origin countries and 30 major destinations between 2000 and 2010, we analyze economic, policy, cultural, and network determinants of each step. We find that the size of the network of previous migrants and the average income per person at destination are crucial determinants of the size of the pool of potential migrants. Economic growth in the destination country, on the other hand, is the main economic generator of migration opportunities for a given pool of potential migrants. We also find that college-educated exhibit greater actual emigration rates mainly because of better chances in realizing their immigration potentials, rather than because of higher willingness to migrate.

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Commonalities and cross-country spillovers in macroeconomic-financial linkages

The B E Journal of Macroeconomics ◽

10.1515/bejm-2013-0120 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Matteo Ciccarelli ◽

Eva Ortega ◽

Maria Teresa Valderrama

Keyword(s):

Real Economy ◽

Noticeable Effect ◽

The Great Recession ◽

Developed Economies ◽

Financial Variables ◽

Heterogeneous Behavior ◽

Specific Factors ◽

Cross Country ◽

Panel Vector Autoregression ◽

Country Specific

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate commonalities and spillovers in macro-financial linkages across developed economies. A Bayesian panel vector autoregression (VAR) model with real and financial variables identifies significant common components, especially during the Great Recession. Nevertheless, country-specific factors remain important, which is consistent with the heterogeneous behavior observed across countries over time. We also find that spillovers across countries and between real and financial variables are key to explain economic fluctuations. A shock to a variable in a given country affects all other countries, and the transmission seems to be faster and deeper between financial variables than between real variables. For a shock to a financial variable to have a noticeable effect on the real economy elsewhere, it needs to be either common to all countries or to have originated in a systemic country.

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Determinants of the incidence and mortality rates of COVID-19 during the first six months of the pandemic; a cross-country study

10.1101/2021.01.21.21250226 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Noha Asem ◽

Ahmed Ramadan ◽

Mohamed Hassany ◽

Ramy Mohamed Ghazy ◽

Mohamed Abdallah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rates ◽

Healthcare Systems ◽

Multivariate Techniques ◽

Average Temperature ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Contact Frequency ◽

Country Study ◽

Proxy Measure ◽

Cross Country ◽

Country Specific

AbstractCOVID-19 pandemic raises an extraordinary challenge to the healthcare systems globally. The governments are taking key measures to constrain the corresponding health, social, and economic impacts, however, these measures vary depending on the nature of the crisis and country-specific circumstances.ObjectivesConsidering different incidence and mortality rates across different countries, we aimed at explaining variance of these variables by performing accurate and precise multivariate analysis with aid of suitable predictors, accordingly, the model would proactively guide the governmental responses to the crisis.MethodsUsing linear and exponential time series analysis, this research aimed at studying the incidence and mortality rates of COVID-19 in 18 countries during the first six months of the pandemic, and further utilize multivariate techniques to explain the variance in monthly exponential growth rates of cases and deaths with aid of a set of different predictors: the recorded Google mobility trends towards six categories of places, daily average temperature, daily humidity, and key socioeconomic attributes of each country.ResultsThe analysis showed that changes in mobility trends were the most significant predictors of the incidence and mortality rates, temperature and humidity were also significant but to a much lesser extent, on the other hand, the socioeconomic attributes did not contribute significantly to explaining different incidence and mortality rates across countries.ConclusionChanges in mobility trends across countries dramatically affected the incidence and mortality rates across different countries, thus, it might be used as a proxy measure of contact frequency.

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