scholarly journals Why Should The Role Of The Peace Implementation Council And OHR Continue In Bosnia And Herzegovina?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teoman Ertuğrul Tulun
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Framework Agreement ◽  
Territorial Integrity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Representative Office ◽  
Balkan State

After the dissolution of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) gained its independence with a referendum held in 1992. Bosniacs, Bosnian Croats, and Bosnian Serbs were the main sides of war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The war caused more than 100,000 deaths and hundreds of thousands of injuries, War ended with the agreement reached and initialed on 21 November 1995... The General Framework Agreement for Peace (GFAP) in Bosnia and Herzegovina created a delicate balance between constituent peoples. Due to a unique state system involving complex procedures, it was envisaged to appoint a High Representative with the authority to resolve the civil matters of GFAP.. A Peace Implementation Council (PIC) and its Steering Board were also constituted., Turkey is a member in the PIC Steering Board.. PIC in its meting held in Bonn in 1997 welcomed the High Representative’s intention to use their final authority regarding interpretation of the Agreement on the Civilian Implementation of the GFAP to facilitate the resolution of difficulties by making binding decisions, as they judge necessary. These powers were called as "Bonn Powers".. The analysis defends the view that to preserve the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the BiH the PIC and the High Representative Office should continue with the Bonn Powers.. It suggests that Turkey, as a member of the PIC Steering Board, has the ability as well as the responsibility as a Balkan state with exceptional ties with BIH, to influence the shaping of the decisions to be taken regarding the continuation of OHR.. The analysis also proposes that Turkey, as it did in the past, should staunchly defend the sovereignty and territorial integrity of BiH and must strongly oppose the approaches that aim to dismember BiH.

The Bosnian Peace Accord

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertie Ramcharan
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Framework Agreement ◽  
Peace Accord ◽  
The Republic

In Dayton, Ohio, on 21 November 1995, after three weeks of proximity talks, the Bosnian parties, joined by the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the Republic of Croatia, initialled a General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, together with twelve Annexes. Following an implementation conference held in London on 8 and 9 December 1995, the General Framework Agreement and its accompanying Annexes were signed in Paris on 14 December 1995. They came into force upon signature.

scholarly journals Serbian Historiography after 1991

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-103
Author(s):  
Christian Axboe Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
Political Coalition ◽  
The Past ◽  
International Sanctions ◽  
New Phase ◽  
Slobodan Milosevic

Few countries in Europe have witnessed as much turbulence during the past quarter century as the seven states which emerged from socialist Yugoslavia after it dissolved amidst a catastrophic series of wars of succession. Although actual armed conflict only took place in Serbia (then still including Kosovo in the rump state Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) in 1998 and 1999, Serbia directly participated in the wars of Yugoslav succession beginning in 1991 in Slovenia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and then finally in Kosovo. For nearly a decade from 1992 until 2001 Serbia's economy languished under the combination of a kleptocratic regime, expensive and protracted military engagements and international sanctions. The long Serbian transition entered a new phase in October 2000, when Yugoslav President Slobodan Milošević was ousted by a very heterogeneous political coalition whose leaders shared only an intense antipathy for Milošević. The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was transformed into the short-lived state union of Serbia and Montenegro, which disappeared when Montenegro declared its independence in 2006, followed by Kosovo in 2008.

scholarly journals National and international political mechanisms of suppression of separatism in the Balkan states

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
O. V. Sharan
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Territorial Integrity ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
New States ◽  
Balkan States ◽  
Mechanism Of Recognition

The article firstly identifies and reveales the essence of national and international political mechanisms of suppression of separatism that have been applied in the Balkan states, in particular, in Serbia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The national mechanisms of suppression of separatism include legal, financial, administrative, information mechanisms, and among the international political mechanisms are international legal mechanisms, the mechanism of recognition or non-recognition of the independence of new states, international financial and economic instruments. The study showed the dynamics of the most important events that took place in the Balkans after the collapse of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, in particular during the Croatian War of Independence in 1991-1995, the Bosnian War in 1992–1995, and during Kosovo’s struggle for independence from Serbia. The revival of separatist movements in the Balkan Peninsula began as a result of the overthrow of the communist regimes and the strengthening of centrifugal tendencies in Central and Eastern Europe in the 90’s of the twentieth century. The interethnic distrust and constant tension became one of the reasons for the beginning of the civil wars in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina after the collapse of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Moreover, the article characterized the concept of «Great Albania», which involves the reunification of all the territories where the Albanian ethnic group lives. Several regions of Macedonia, Montenegro, the Epirus region in Greece and Kosovo should be part of the «Greater Albania». Furthermore, the study considers the experience of suppression of separatism of Serbia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, the possibility of its use in Ukraine and other countries where separatist tendencies dominate, in order to avoid human victims, preserve territorial integrity and inviolability of borders. Consequently, separatism is a dangerous phenomenon that contains an enormous threat to the national security and territorial integrity, since it is related to the change of borders of the existing states and creation of the new countries on the political map of the world.

The Protection of Human Rights Through the Dayton/Paris Peace Agreement on Bosnia

1996 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Szasz
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
General Framework ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Framework Agreement ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Air Force Base ◽  
Republika Srpska

The Bosnia Proximity Peace Talks at the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base near Dayton, Ohio, took place from November 1 to 21, 1995, and ended with the initialing of the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina (GFA) and several of the annexed or related instruments by representatives of the principal states parties to the conflict in Bosnia: the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Republic of Croatia and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The initialing was witnessed by representatives of the European Union and the five states members of the Contact Group on Bosnia. In addition, all of the twelve instruments annexed to the GFA were also initialed or otherwise endorsed on behalf of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska. The GFA and these instruments were formally signed in Paris on December 14, and thereby immediately entered into force.

scholarly journals SLOVENIAN DOCUMENT ON DISMEMBERMENT OF BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA CONFIRMS THE NECESSITY OF CONTINUATION OF PIC-OHR-BONN POWERS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teoman Ertuğrul Tulun
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Member Country ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
European Council ◽  
Territorial Integrity ◽  
The Us ◽  
Press Report ◽  
Break Up ◽  
The Eu

In our recent AVIM analysis titled "Why Should the Role of the Peace Implementation Council and OHR Continue in Bosnia And Herzegovina?", we asserted the view that the continuation of the powers of the Peace Implementation Council (PIC), including the Bonn Powers, is essential for the preservation of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Bosnia-Herzegovina (BiH) within the framework of its constitution.Before the ink of our analysis dries up, we came across an irritating press report claiming that Slovenian Prime Minister Janez Jansa has sent a document to Charles Michel, President of the European Council, proposing the redrawing BiH's borders. The EU has not denied the existence of the report to date. However, the US has rejected this Slovenia-linked plan to break up Bosnia-Herzegovina. It is worrisome that such a malicious plan has been prepared and studied in the EU. It is also alarming that the name of a NATO member country that will assume the EU presidency is associated with this plan.There is no doubt that Turkey will continue to defend in every platform, including the PIC Steering Board, the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Bosnia-Herzegovina.It is believed that it would be useful that Turkey opens this issue up in the PIC Steering Board meetings and ask for clarification from the EU representatives.

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