scholarly journals The Claim for a first insight of Vikram Lander on moon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
jagmohan saxena
Keyword(s):  
Surface Composition ◽  
Light Condition ◽  
Space Research ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Lunar Orbiter ◽  
Soft Landing ◽  
Indian Space Research Organisation ◽  
Research Organisation ◽  
Launch Site ◽  
The Impact

The Claim for a First insight of Viram Lander on Moon.CHANDRAYAAN- 2 is the second lunar exploration mission developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), after Chandrayaan-1. As of September 2019, it consists of a lunar orbiter, which included the Vikram lander, andPragyan -the lunar rover. All of which were developed in India. The main scientific objective of this mission was to map and study the variations in lunar surface composition, as well as the location and abundance of lunar water.Chandrayaan-2 Chandrayaan-2 composite (Tecnical Specifications Mission type-Lunar orbiter, Lander and RoverOperator Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)COSPAR ID2019-042ASATCAT no.44441Websitewww.isro.gov.in/chandrayaan2-home-0Mission duration-Orbiter: ~ 7 yearsVikram lander: 14 days (planned) ;[1][2]Achieved: 0 days (landing failure)Pragyan rover: 14 days (planned);[2]Achieved: 0 days (landing failure)Spacecraft properties Manufacturer:Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)Launch mass Combined (wet) : 3,850 kg(8,490 lb) [3][4][5]Combined (dry): 1,308 kg (2,884 lb)[6]Orbiter (wet): 2,379 kg (5,245 lb)[4][5]Orbiter (dry): 682 kg (1,504 lb)[6]Vikram lander (wet): 1,471 kg (3,243 lb)[4][5]Vikram lander (dry): 626 kg (1,380 lb)[6]Pragyan rover: 27 kg (60 lb)[4] [5] PowerOrbiter: 1 kW (1.3 hp)[7]Vikram lander: 650 W[8]Pragyan rover: 50 W[8] Start of Mission Launch date:22 July 2019, 14:43:12 IST (09:13:12 UTC)[9]Rocket- GSLV Mark III M1[10] [11]Launch site-Satish Dhawan Space Centre (Second Launch Pad )Agency- Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)Moon orbiter Orbital insertion: 20 August 2019, - 09:02 IST(03:32UTC)[12[13]Orbital parameters-Pericynthion altitude100 km (62 mi)[14] Apocynthion altitude100 km (62 mi)[14]Moon lander Space craft component Rover Landing date: 7 September 2019, 01:53 IST (failure)(6 September 2019, 20:23 UTC)[13][15]Landing site Lunar south pole (intended)Chandrayaan programme - Scheduled as-← Chandrayaan-1<-- Chandrayaan-2← Chandrayaan-3 (Under Process) The Chandrayaan-2 spacecraft was launched on its mission to the Moon from the second launch pad at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Andhra Pradesh on 22 July 2019 at 2.43 p.m. IST (09:13 UTC) by a GSLV Mark III M1. The craft reached the Moon's orbit on 20 August 2019 and began orbital positioning manoeuvres for the Landing of the Vikram lander at Moon Surface. The Lander and the Rover were scheduled to land on the near side of the Moon, in the south polar region at a latitude of about 70° South on 6 September 2019 and conduct scientific experiments for one lunar day, which approximates to two Earth weeks. A successful soft landing of the Lander would have made India the fourth country after the Soviet Union, United States and China to do so.However, the lander deviated from its intended trajectory while attempting to land on 6 September 2019, which caused a 'hard landing. According to a failure analysis report submitted to ISRO, the crash was caused by a software glitch. In the quest to locate the lost Lander, Two subsequent image sequences were acquired on October 14,15 and November 11, 2019 .The LROC team scoured the surrounding area in these new mosaics and found the impact site at 70.8810 degree South, 22.7840 degrees East, 834 m elevation and was supposed with associated debris field. The November 2019 mosaic had the best pixel scale 0.7 meter/ per pixel , With a better light condition . Though, no any claim since been made about the wellness of Vikram Lander. An effort is being made by (me) Mr Jagmohan saxena to find the whereabouts of the (lost ) Vikram Lander and it is supposed that the Pics of Vikram Lander found are exactly on the same Southpole Coordinates (near site) where it was intended to touch down for a soft landing. IT is -70.88087° Latitude and 24.26206° Longitude with a pixel size of 0.50m/px. The final Version of CONFIRMATION of location of Vikram Lander at moon is seek Officially with the launching agency ISRO. JAGMOHAN SAXENA 1 E 19 JNV colony, Bikaner [email protected] Reference- Chandrayaan-2, Wikipedialroc.asu.eduNASASpace.com

scholarly journals THE LOST INDIAN CHANDRAYAAN 2 LANDER VIKRAM AND ROVER PRAGYAAN FOUND INTACT IN SINGLE PIECE ON THE MOON

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Jag Mohan Saxena ◽  
H M Saxena ◽  
Priyanka Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Lunar Surface ◽  
Landing Site ◽  
Space Research ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Lunar Orbiter ◽  
Exact Location ◽  
Indian Space Research Organization ◽  
Single Piece ◽  
Mission Control ◽  
Lunar Lander

The Lunar Lander Vikram of the Moon Mission Chandrayaan 2 of the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) lost communication with the Lunar Orbiter and the mission control nearly 2.1 kms above the lunar surface during its landing on the Moon on 7th September, 2019. The exact location and the sight of the lost lander and rover are still elusive. We present here the exact location and first images of the lander Vikram and rover Pragyaan sighted on the lunar surface. It is evident from the processed images that the lander was intact and in single piece on landing away from the scheduled site and its ramp was deployed to successfully release the rover Pragyan on to the lunar surface. This contradicts earlier reports that the lander was disintegrated into small pieces and debris which were scattered far away from the proposed landing site.

A lunar soil simulant (LSS-ISAC-1) for the lunar exploration programme of the Indian Space Research Organisation

Icarus ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 114511
Author(s):  
S. Anbazhagan ◽  
I. Venugopal ◽  
S. Arivazhagan ◽  
M. Chinnamuthu ◽  
C.R. Paramasivam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lunar Soil ◽  
Space Research ◽  
Lunar Exploration ◽  
Indian Space Research Organisation ◽  
Research Organisation

Formation of Lunar Craters and Bright Rays as a Result of Meteorite Impacts

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 415-418
Author(s):  
K. P. Stanyukovich ◽  
V. A. Bronshten
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Charge ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Meteorite Impacts ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
The Impact

The phenomena accompanying the impact of large meteorites on the surface of the Moon or of the Earth can be examined on the basis of the theory of explosive phenomena if we assume that, instead of an exploding meteorite moving inside the rock, we have an explosive charge (equivalent in energy), situated at a certain distance under the surface.

Thematic maps in the scientific studies of the moon

2019 ◽  
Vol 943 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
S.G. Pugacheva ◽  
E.A. Feoktistova ◽  
V.V. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Thermal Inertia ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Lunar Soil ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Laser Altimeters ◽  
Space Infrastructure ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the results of astrophysical studies of the Moon’s reflected and intrinsic radiation. We studied the intensity of the Moon’s infrared radiation and, thus, carried out a detailed research of the brightness temperature of the Moon’s visible disc, estimated the thermal inertia of the coating substance by the rate of its surface cooling, and the degree of the lunar soil fragmentation. Polarimetric, colorimetric and spectrophotometric measurements of the reflected radiation intensity were carried out at different wavelengths. In the article, we present maps prepared based on our measurement results. We conducted theresearch of the unique South Pole – Aitken basin (SPA). The altitude profiles of the Apollo-11 and Zond-8 spacecrafts and the data of laser altimeters of the Apollo-16 and Apollo-15 spacecrafts were used as the main material. Basing upon this data we prepared a hypsometric map of SPA-basing global relief structure. A surface topography map of the Moon’s Southern Hemisphere is given in the article. The topography model of the SPA topography surface shows displacement centers of the altitude topographic rims from the central rim. Basing upon the detailed study of the basin’s topography as well as its “depth-diameter” ratio we suggest that the basin originated from the impact of a giant cometary body from the Orta Cloud. In our works, we consider the Moon as a part of the Earth’s space infrastructure. High growth rates of the Earth’s population, irrational nature management will cause deterioration of scarce natural resources in the near future. In our article, we present maps of the natural resources on the Moon pointing out the most promising regions of thorium, iron, and titanium. Probably in 20 or 40 years a critical mining level of gold, diamonds, zinc, platinum and other vital rocks and metals will be missing on the Earth.

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