scholarly journals Conceptualisation of parenting in research on young children with or at elevated likelihood of autism: A systematic review of observational measures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Madarevic ◽  
Karla Van Leeuwen ◽  
Petra Warreyn ◽  
Ilse Noens
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Proactive Control ◽  
Observational Measures ◽  
Large Heterogeneity ◽  
Consensus Decision Making ◽  
Consensus Decision

Research on emergent autism spectrum disorder increasingly uses observational measures to investigate parenting of young children with or at elevated likelihood of autism. This systematic review analysed 21 papers narratively, including 13 unique “coding approaches” and 63 parenting constructs. Through a comprehensive consensus decision-making process, parenting constructs were classified under nine overarching categories, identified based on prior categorisation: Warmth, Responsiveness, Scaffolding, Proactive Control, Intrusiveness, Negativity, Dyad, Other, Multiple. We found large heterogeneity in observational measures, and descriptions of parenting constructs lacked uniformity. The complex categorisation process demonstrates the need for a solid conceptual framework that can inform theory and practice. This review provides a first step, but further research should investigate applicability among young children of different ages.

scholarly journals The Asean Charter: An Analysis

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Razak Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Usual Norm ◽  
Consensus Decision Making ◽  
Consensus Decision

The adoption of the ASEAN Charter in 2007 was believed to have transformed ASEAN to become a more institutional organisation with a profound framework and inclusive principles that act as a guideline to assist the process of disputes settlement and decision-making between the member countries. When the Eminent Persons Group (EPG) representing each of the countries addressed two main issues related to the recommendations to reform the norm and principles of ASEAN as well as the rights of the member countries to be put into the Charter, the ASEAN leader were not very receptive with the concept of using consensus decision-making process to impose sanctions and changes. Therefore, a watered-down ASEAN Charter was adopted portraying the un-readiness of the member countries to diverge away from the ‘ASEAN Way’ that had been implemented for the past 40 years. Despite the addition of two new principles that touches on the collective responsibility and enhancing consultation, the ASEAN Charter still does not exhibit the transformation of ASEAN as crafted by the EPG. The Charter also fails to provide pertinent mechanisms to address certain issues such as security and safety disputes. Hence, this article is written to confer the weaknesses of the ASEAN Charter and how important it is for ASEAN to move away for the usual norm of the ‘ASEAN Way’ in order to become a puissant organisation. Keywords: ASEAN Charter, EPG

Effects of Peer Support Interventions on the Communication of Preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (05) ◽  
pp. 443-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelley Chapin ◽  
Susannah Boyle ◽  
Salena Babb ◽  
David McNaughton
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
The Social ◽  
Early Childhood Settings ◽  
Support Model

AbstractMany young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) experience difficulty in the development of communication skills. Teaching peers to make use of communication support behaviors has been investigated as a strategy to increase communication for young children with ASD in early childhood settings. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine (1) the overall effects of peer support interventions on the communication of young children with ASD and (2) any possible moderating variables related to participant and intervention characteristics. The social support model was used as a framework for the study of intervention components. Eighteen single-case experimental design studies (48 children with ASD) met the inclusion criteria and were advanced to the full coding and analysis phase of the investigation. Descriptive analyses and effect size estimations using the improvement rate difference (IRD) metric were conducted. Overall, peer support interventions were found to be effective across a range of young children with ASD and intervention approaches. Evidence was also identified for the use of the social support model as a framework to guide the development of peer interventions in early childhood settings. The use of friendship groups, the selection of play materials based on the interests of the child with ASD, and the provision of augmentative and alternative communication appeared to be associated with positive communication outcomes.

A systematic review of screening tools in non-young children and adults for autism spectrum disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoya Hirota ◽  
Ryuhei So ◽  
Young Shin Kim ◽  
Bennett Leventhal ◽  
Richard A. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Screening Tools

scholarly journals Systematic review of factors that may influence the outcomes and generalizability of parent‐mediated interventions for young children with autism spectrum disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1304-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Trembath ◽  
Mandeep Gurm ◽  
Nichole E. Scheerer ◽  
Dominic A. Trevisan ◽  
Jessica Paynter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Young Children With Autism
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