scholarly journals Sexual orientation predicts women’s preferences for sexually dimorphic face-shape characteristics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Kenji Medeiros Shiramizu ◽  
Lisa Marie DeBruine ◽  
Benedict C Jones
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Visual Experience ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Face Shape ◽  
Heterosexual Women ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Women’S Preferences ◽  
Shape Characteristics

Previous research has suggested that heterosexual women show stronger preferences for images of male faces displaying masculine shape characteristics than do homosexual women. Because many other findings regarding individual differences in women’s masculinity preferences have not replicated in subsequent studies, we carried out a direct replication of Glassenberg et al’s (2010) comparison of heterosexual and homosexual women’s preferences for sexually dimorphic face-shape characteristics. In common with Glassenberg et al., our replication study found that heterosexual women (N = 20,360) showed stronger preferences for masculine men that did homosexual women (N = 1598). This association between women’s sexual orientation and masculinity preferences is consistent with the proposal that heterosexual women’s masculinity preferences, at least partly, reflect hypothesized benefits to offspring fathered by masculine men. However, we also emphasize the importance of testing alternative explanations in future research, such as those that might stem from between-group differences in visual experience with different types of faces.

scholarly journals Women’s Preferences for Sexual Dimorphism in Faces: Data from a Sample of Arab Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. H. Alharbi ◽  
Iris J. Holzleitner ◽  
Anthony J. Lee ◽  
S. Adil Saribay ◽  
Benedict C. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Arab Women ◽  
Face Shape ◽  
Face Images ◽  
Women’S Perceptions ◽  
Women’S Preferences ◽  
Shape Characteristics ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Many previous studies have investigated the effects of manipulating sexually dimorphic shape characteristics in face images on attractiveness judgments. However, results have been mixed and show considerable cross-cultural variability, particularly for women’s judgments of men’s facial attractiveness. Because very little research has investigated face preferences in Arab samples, we assessed Arab women’s preferences for sexually dimorphic face shapes (study 1) and the effect of sexually dimorphic face shapes on Arab women’s dominance perceptions (study 2). Analyses showed that Arab women preferred feminized versions of both women’s and men’s faces over masculinized versions (study 1, N = 272) and that masculinizing face shape had a positive effect on Arab women’s perceptions of the dominance of men, but not women (study 2, N = 270). These image manipulations did not have a significant effect on perceptions of trustworthiness, however (study 3, N = 434). Collectively, these results suggest that Arab women prefer relatively feminine face shapes in potential mates that they perceive as being low dominance. We discuss some directions for future research on the ultimate function of Arab women’s preferences for sexual dimorphism in faces

scholarly journals Women’s preferences for sexual dimorphism in faces: Data from a sample of Arab women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Aied Alharbi ◽  
Iris Jasmin Holzleitner ◽  
Anthony J Lee ◽  
Selahattin Adil Saribay ◽  
Benedict C Jones
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Arab Women ◽  
Face Shape ◽  
Face Images ◽  
Women’S Perceptions ◽  
Women’S Preferences ◽  
Shape Characteristics ◽  
Positive Effect

Many previous studies have investigated the effects of manipulating sexually dimorphic shape characteristics in face images on attractiveness judgments. However, results have been mixed and show considerable cross-cultural variability, particularly for women’s judgments of men’s facial attractiveness. Because very little research has investigated face preferences in Arab samples, we assessed Arab women’s preferences for sexually dimorphic face shapes (Study 1) and the effect of sexually dimorphic face shapes on Arab women’s dominance perceptions (Study 2). Analyses showed that Arab women preferred feminized versions of both women’s and men’s faces over masculinized versions (Study 1, N = 272) and that masculinizing face shape had a positive effect on Arab women’s perceptions of the dominance of men, but not women (Study 2, N = 270). These image manipulations did not have a significant effect on perceptions of trustworthiness, however (Study 3, N = 434). Collectively, these results suggest that Arab women prefer relatively feminine face shapes in potential mates that they perceive as being low dominance. We discuss some directions for future research on the ultimate function of Arab women’s preferences for sexual dimorphism in faces

scholarly journals Sexual orientation predicts men’s preferences for sexually dimorphic face-shape characteristics: a replication study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Kenji Medeiros Shiramizu ◽  
Ciaran Docherty ◽  
Lisa Marie DeBruine ◽  
Benedict C Jones
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Mate Choice ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Replication Study ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Face Shape ◽  
Shape Characteristics

Many researchers have proposed that straight men prefer women’s faces displaying feminine shape characteristics at least partly because mating with such women will produce healthier offspring. Although a prediction of this adaptation-for-mate-choice hypothesis is that straight men will show stronger preferences for feminized versus masculinized versions of women’s faces than will gay men, only one previous study has directly tested this prediction. Here we directly replicated that study by comparing 623 gay and 3163 straight men’s preferences for feminized versus masculinized versions of faces. Consistent with the adaptation-for-mate-choice hypothesis of straight men’s femininity preferences, we found that straight men showed significantly stronger preferences for feminized female faces than did gay men. Consistent with previous research suggesting that gay men place a premium on masculinity in potential romantic partners, we also found that gay men showed significantly stronger preferences for masculinized versions of male faces than did straight men. Together, these findings indicate the sexual orientation contributes to individual differences in men’s face preferences.

scholarly journals Sexual orientation predicts men’s preferences for sexually dimorphic face-shape characteristics: A replication study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242262
Author(s):  
Victor Shiramizu ◽  
Ciaran Docherty ◽  
Lisa M. DeBruine ◽  
Benedict C. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Mate Choice ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Replication Study ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Face Shape ◽  
Shape Characteristics

Many researchers have proposed that straight men prefer women’s faces displaying feminine shape characteristics at least partly because mating with such women will produce healthier offspring. Although a prediction of this adaptation-for-mate-choice hypothesis is that straight men will show stronger preferences for feminized versus masculinized versions of women’s faces than will gay men, only one previous study has directly tested this prediction. Here we directly replicated that study by comparing 623 gay and 3163 straight men’s preferences for feminized versus masculinized versions of faces. Consistent with the adaptation-for-mate-choice hypothesis of straight men’s femininity preferences, we found that straight men showed significantly stronger preferences for feminized female faces than did gay men. Consistent with previous research suggesting that gay men place a premium on masculinity in potential romantic partners, we also found that gay men showed significantly stronger preferences for masculinized versions of male faces than did straight men. Together, these findings indicate the sexual orientation contributes to individual differences in men’s face preferences.

Gender, sexual orientation and body dissatisfaction: a meta-analysis covering four decades of research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Huerga Malillos ◽  
Elena Theofanous ◽  
Keith R. Laws ◽  
Paul Jenkinson
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Pairwise Comparisons ◽  
Lesbian Women ◽  
Heterosexual Women ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background: Four decades of research has assessed how gender and/or sexual orientation contribute to levels of body dissatisfaction (BD). The findings have proven somewhat equivocal and little attention has been paid to potential moderators. Method: The current meta-analysis compared BD in gay and heterosexual men (38 overall effects), and lesbian and heterosexual women (25 overall effects). Additional pairwise comparisons explored differences between heterosexual men and heterosexual women, gay men and lesbians, gay men and heterosexual women, and heterosexual men and lesbian women. Results: Random effects model meta-analyses revealed greater levels of BD in gay men compared to heterosexual men (g = -0.36, 95% CI -0.43, -0.29). By contrast, BD was greater in heterosexual women than lesbians (g = 0.09 95% CI 0.03, 0.15). Year of publication and mean difference in age between gay and heterosexual samples moderated the relationship between BD and sexual orientation, but only for men. Pairwise comparisons indicated that BD is highest in heterosexual women and lowest in heterosexual men.Conclusions: Findings indicate that both gender and sexual orientation influence BD. We identified a number of limitations in the existing research base, and make recommendations for future research.

Oversampling as a methodological strategy for the study of self-reported health among lesbian, gay and bisexual populations

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 637-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Anderssen ◽  
Kirsti Malterud
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Bisexual Men ◽  
Lesbian Women ◽  
Bisexual Women ◽  
Heterosexual Women ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
And Gender

Aims: Epidemiological research on lesbian, gay and bisexual populations raises concerns regarding self-selection and group sizes. The aim of this research was to present strategies used to overcome these challenges in a national population-based web survey of self-reported sexual orientation and living conditions—exemplified with a case of daily tobacco smoking. Methods: The sample was extracted from pre-established national web panels. Utilizing an oversampling strategy, we established a sample including 315 gay men, 217 bisexual men, 789 heterosexual men, 197 lesbian women, 405 bisexual women and 979 heterosexual women. We compared daily smoking, representing three levels of differentiation of sexual orientation for each gender. Results: The aggregation of all non-heterosexuals into one group yielded a higher odds ratio (OR) for non-heterosexuals being a daily smoker. The aggregation of lesbian and bisexual women indicated higher OR between this group and heterosexual women. The full differentiation yielded no differences between groups except for bisexual compared with heterosexual women. Conclusions: The analyses demonstrated the advantage of differentiation of sexual orientation and gender, in this case bisexual women were the main source of group differences. We recommend an oversampling procedure, making it possible to avoid self-recruitment and to increase the transferability of findings.

Sex, Sexual Orientation, and Depression

2016 ◽  
pp. 48-59
Author(s):  
Katie McLaughlin ◽  
Mark L. Hatzenbuehler
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Limbic System ◽  
State Level ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Interpersonal Processes ◽  
Descriptive Epidemiology ◽  
Affective Processes ◽  
And Bisexual

Females and lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) populations are twice as likely to develop depression as males and heterosexuals, respectively. This chapter reviews the descriptive epidemiology of sex and sexual orientation differences in depression, and discusses explanations for these group differences, including neurobiological (e.g., differences in limbic system reactivity), individual (e.g., cognitive and affective processes), and interpersonal processes (e.g., victimization experiences), as well as structural influences (e.g., state-level policies that differentially target gays and lesbians for social exclusion). The chapter summarizes common vulnerabilities to depression in females and sexual minorities and offers several directions for future research, including the need for multimethod, multilevel approaches that can increase our understanding of the emergence and persistence of differences in depression based on sex and sexual orientation.

scholarly journals Speech Acoustic Features: A Comparison of Gay Men, Heterosexual Men, and Heterosexual Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 2575-2583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Suire ◽  
Arnaud Tognetti ◽  
Valérie Durand ◽  
Michel Raymond ◽  
Melissa Barkat-Defradas
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Homosexual Men ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Heterosexual Women ◽  
English Speaking

Abstract Potential differences between homosexual and heterosexual men have been studied on a diverse set of social and biological traits. Regarding acoustic features of speech, researchers have hypothesized a feminization of such characteristics in homosexual men, but previous investigations have so far produced mixed results. Moreover, most studies have been conducted with English-speaking populations, which calls for further cross-linguistic examinations. Lastly, no studies investigated so far the potential role of testosterone in the association between sexual orientation and speech acoustic features. To fill these gaps, we explored potential differences in acoustic features of speech between homosexual and heterosexual native French men and investigated whether the former showed a trend toward feminization by comparing theirs to that of heterosexual native French women. Lastly, we examined whether testosterone levels mediated the association between speech acoustic features and sexual orientation. We studied four sexually dimorphic acoustic features relevant for the qualification of feminine versus masculine voices: the fundamental frequency, its modulation, and two understudied acoustic features of speech, the harmonics-to-noise ratio (a proxy of vocal breathiness) and the jitter (a proxy of vocal roughness). Results showed that homosexual men displayed significantly higher pitch modulation patterns and less breathy voices compared to heterosexual men, with values shifted toward those of heterosexual women. Lastly, testosterone levels did not influence any of the investigated acoustic features. Combined with the literature conducted in other languages, our findings bring new support for the feminization hypothesis and suggest that the feminization of some acoustic features could be shared across languages.

Examining Objectification Theory

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 745-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie S. Hill ◽  
Ann R. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Objectification Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sexual Objectification ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
Heterosexual Women ◽  
Self Objectification ◽  
The Relationship

Many theorists have suggested that living in a culture in which women's bodies are sexually objectified socializes girls and women to treat themselves as objects. This study developed a theory-based measure of cultural sexual objectification and explored the relationship between women's reports of cultural sexual objectification experiences and self-objectification. The possible moderating effects of sexual orientation were explored using hierarchical moderated regressions. The major findings, in a sample of 361 women, were (a) women's reports of sexualized gaze/harassment were significantly related to their own self-objectification, (b) lesbian and heterosexual women reported similar levels of sexualized gaze/harassment, and (c) the relationship between sexualized gaze/harassment and self-objectification was not significantly different for the lesbian and heterosexual subsamples. Potential implications for counseling and directions for future research are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document