Pre-pandemic Autonomic Nervous System Activity Predicts Well-being during COVID-19 in Israel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilanit Gordon ◽  
Danny Horesh ◽  
Alon Tomashin ◽  
NIr Milstein ◽  
Oded Mayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Skin Conductance Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

Despite the unfolding impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological well-being, there is a lack of prospective studies that target physiological markers of distress. There is a need to examine physiological predictors from the pre-pandemic period to identify and treat individuals at-risk. Our aim was to use pre-pandemic markers of Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) parasympathetic and sympathetic regulation, to predict individuals' psychological well-being during the crisis. We also assessed the role of emotion regulation as a mediator of the association between pre-pandemic physiological measures and COVID-related well-being. In May-June 2020, 185 Israeli adults completed online questionnaires assessing their emotional regulation of negative affect since COVID-19 began, and their current well-being. These individuals had participated in lab studies 1.5-3 years prior to this assessment, where their physiological measures were taken, including Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA) and Skin Conductance Level (SCL). RSA was positively related to emotion regulation during COVID-19. Emotion regulation, in its turn, positively predicted well-being during the crisis. The mediation was significant and moderated by SCL (index=-0.09, 95%CI [-0.02, -0.0001]), such that it was strongest for individuals with low SCL. We point to pre-pandemic physiological mechanisms underlying individuals' mental well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings have theoretical, diagnostic, and clinical implications that may refine our understanding of the physiological basis of resilience to the current pandemic, and thus may be implemented to identify and assist individuals in these times.

Emotional processing and the autonomic nervous system: a comprehensive meta-analytic investigation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Silva Moreira ◽  
Pedro Chaves ◽  
Nuno Dias ◽  
Patrício Costa ◽  
Pedro Rocha Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Skin Conductance ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Skin Conductance Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Analytic Investigation ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Conductance Level

Background: The search for autonomic correlates of emotional processing has been a matter of interest for the scientific community with the goal of identifying the physiological basis of emotion. Despite an extensive state-of-the-art exploring the correlates of emotion, there is no absolute consensus regarding how the body processes an affective state.Objectives: In this work, we aimed to aggregate the literature of psychophysiological studies in the context of emotional induction. Methods: For this purpose, we conducted a systematic review of the literature and a meta-analytic investigation, comparing different measures from the electrodermal, cardiovascular, respiratory and facial systems across emotional categories/dimensions. Two-hundred and ninety-one studies met the inclusion criteria and were quantitatively pooled in random-effects meta-analytic modelling. Results: Heart rate and skin conductance level were the most reported psychophysiological measures. Overall, there was a negligible differentiation between emotional categories with respect to the pooled estimates. Of note, considerable amount of between-studies’ heterogeneity was found in the meta-analytic aggregation. Self-reported ratings of emotional arousal were found to be associated with specific autonomic-nervous system (ANS) indices, particularly with the variation of the skin conductance level. Conclusions: Despite this clear association, there is still a considerable amount of unexplained variability that raises the need for more fine-grained analysis to be implemented in future research in this field.

scholarly journals Emotion Regulation via the Autonomic Nervous System in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 841-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica D. Musser ◽  
Richard W. Backs ◽  
Colleen F. Schmitt ◽  
Jennifer C. Ablow ◽  
Jeffery R. Measelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Yoga and Polyvagal Theory

2021 ◽  
pp. 391-409
Author(s):  
Marlysa Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Polyvagal Theory ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Behavioral States ◽  
Biopsychosocial Health

This chapter explores yoga as a salutogenic intervention supportive of eudaimonic well-being with its wide-spread health effects for various patient populations. Autonomic nervous system regulation and resilience are considered as important meditators for the promotion of biopsychosocial health. Polyvagal theory offers a novel perspective on how underlying neural platforms support combined physiological, psychological, and behavioral states—inclusive of eudaimonic well-being. This chapter describes the convergence of neurophysiological ideas of neuroception, interoception, and neural platforms with yoga foundational concepts such as discriminative wisdom and the gunas. This translatory language of eudaimonic well-being and polyvagal theory offers a framework for yoga to be understood and integrated into current healthcare and research contexts while maintaining its unique perspective and foundational wisdom.

Evaluation of the Autonomic Nervous System of the Heart in Male Patients with Mitral Valve Prolapse Syndrome Using Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia and Dynamic Exercise

Cardiology ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 433-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourenço Gallo, Jr. ◽  
José Morelo-Filho ◽  
Benedito C. Maciel ◽  
José A. Marin-Neto ◽  
Luiz E.B. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Mitral Valve Prolapse ◽  
Dynamic Exercise ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Male Patients

Genetics of Autonomic Nervous System Activity

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eco de Geus ◽  
Rene van Lien ◽  
Melanie Neijts ◽  
Gonneke Willemsen
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
Measurement Strategies

Large individual differences in the activity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) play a key role in risk for cardiovascular disease. This chapter presents an overview of the measurement strategies that can be used to study ANS activity in samples that are sufficiently large to allow genetic analyses. Heart rate variability, in particular, respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is identified as the measure of choice to index parasympathetic activity, whereas preejection period (PEP) is the measure of choice to index sympathetic activity. Twin studies have demonstrated significant genetic contributions to resting levels of both RSA (heritability estimates range from 25 to 71 percent) and PEP (heritability estimates range from 48 to 74 percent) and the genetic variance in these traits seems to further increase under conditions of psychological stress. Identifying the genetic variants that influence parasympathetic and sympathetic activity may increase our understanding of the role of the ANS in cardiovascular disease.

Influence of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system on nocturnal bronchial obstruction

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Postma ◽  
J. J. Keyzer ◽  
G. H. Koëuter ◽  
H. J. Sluiter ◽  
K. De Vries
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
Normal Controls

1. To determine whether an autonomic nervous system imbalance might underlie the nocturnal dyspnoea in patients with chronic airflow obstruction (CAO), we determined FEV1, sinus arrhythmia gap (SA gap), heart rate and urinary adrenaline and noradrenaline excretion every 4 h over 24 h. Measurements were performed in eight non-allergic patients with CAO and eight age- and sex-matched normal controls. 2. The amplitude of the circadian changes in FEV1 in patients and controls was 27 ± 2% and 7 ± 1% respectively (P < 0.001). 3. Both an increased SA gap and a decreased heart rate are features of increased vagal activity. This vagal activity was significantly increased in patients, compared with normal controls (difference P < 0.01), the difference being maximal at night. This increased activity might contribute to a bronchial obstruction in these patients. 4. Urinary adrenaline excretion was significantly higher by day than by night in both patients and normal controls (P < 0.01). The urinary levels of adrenaline in the patients were significantly decreased at all hours of observation as compared with levels in normal controls (P < 0.05). 5. Urinary noradrenaline levels were significantly lower in patients as compared with normal subjects (P < 0.01), and lower by night than by day. 6. Urinary histamine and Nτ-methylhistamine excretion were in the normal range in each individual. Urinary levels, however, were significantly higher in patients at all hours of observation (P < 0.05). No circadian rhythm was shown. Plasma cortisol levels showed a normal circadian variation, similar in patients and normal subjects. 7. Bronchial constriction in patients with CAO may be explained by an autonomic nervous system imbalance. Arguments favouring this hypothesis were the findings that CAO patients, in contrast with normal controls, showed lower urinary adrenaline and noradrenaline excretion throughout with a fall at night, and a higher vagal tone with an increase at night. Moreover, a higher histamine and Nτ-methylhistamine excretion both day and night existed in the patient group. A combination of these factors may lead to the nocturnal dyspnoea in patients with CAO.

scholarly journals The biological clock tunes the organs of the body: timing by hormones and the autonomic nervous system

2003 ◽  
Vol 177 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Buijs ◽  
CG van Eden ◽  
VD Goncharuk ◽  
A Kalsbeek
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Biological Clock ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Similar Organization

The biological clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), is essential for our daily well-being. It prepares us for the upcoming period of activity by an anticipatory rise in heart rate, glucose and cortisol. At the same time the 'hormone of the darkness', melatonin, decreases. Thus, the time-of-day message penetrates into all tissues, interestingly not only by means of hormones but also by a direct neuronal influence of the SCN on the organs of the body. The axis between the SCN and the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) is crucial for the organization/synchronization of the neuroendocrine and autonomic nervous system with the time of day. This SCN-neuroendocrine PVN axis takes care of a timely hormonal secretion. At the same time, the SCN-autonomic PVN axis fine-tunes the organs by means of the autonomic nervous system for the reception of these hormones. Finally, the similar organization of the projections of the human SCN as compared with that in the rodent brain suggests that these basic principles of neuroendocrine autonomic interaction may also be true in the human. The physiological data collected in humans thus far seem to support this hypothesis, while pathological changes in the SCN of humans suffering from depression or hypertension indicate a role for the SCN in the etiology of these diseases.

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