scholarly journals Surface electromyographic analysis of the serratus anterior during 1 bench press variations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle L Rogers ◽  
Alex Caravan ◽  
John Scheffey ◽  
Kyle J Boddy
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Isometric Contraction ◽  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Professional Baseball ◽  
Serratus Anterior Muscle ◽  
Serratus Anterior ◽  
Surface Electrodes ◽  
Electromyographic Analysis

Purpose: Bench press variations that elicit greater serratus anterior muscle activation may be preferable for improving scapula stability and avoiding injury in overhead throwing athletes. Here we compare serratus anterior activity during dumbbell and barbell bench press using surface electromyography (EMG). Methods: Forty college and professional baseball pitchers (men, age 22.6 ± 2.5 years) performed four sets of bench press—light (43 kg) and heavy (61 kg) dumbbell and barbell—with five repetitions each. Each pitcher was instructed in proper technique and rested for 90 seconds between sets. Surface electrodes were used to record serratus anterior activity during isometric contraction (for normalization) and during each set. Results: Dumbbell sets showed significantly greater serratus anterior activation than barbell sets at both weights (weight-normalized mean EMG amplitude, 44.7 versus 38.2; p = .005).Conclusion: This suggests that dumbbell press is preferable to barbell press for building serratus anterior muscle strength.

scholarly journals Elbow Joint Fatigue and Bench-Press Training

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Po Huang ◽  
You-Li Chou ◽  
Feng-Chun Chen ◽  
Rong-Tyai Wang ◽  
Ming-Jer Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Athletic Training ◽  
Cycle Time ◽  
Elbow Joint ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
Joint Force ◽  
Muscle Strengthening

Context: Bench-press exercises are among the most common form of training exercise for the upper extremity because they yield a notable improvement in both muscle strength and muscle endurance. The literature contains various investigations into the effects of different bench-press positions on the degree of muscle activation. However, the effects of fatigue on the muscular performance and kinetics of the elbow joint are not understood fully. Objective: To investigate the effects of fatigue on the kinetics and myodynamic performance of the elbow joint in bench-press training. Design: Controlled laboratory study. Setting: Motion research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 18 physically healthy male students (age = 19.6 ± 0.8 years, height = 168.7 ± 5.5 cm, mass = 69.6 ± 8.6 kg) participated in the investigation. All participants were right-hand dominant, and none had a history of upper extremity injuries or disorders. Intervention(s): Participants performed bench-press training until fatigued. Main Outcome Measure(s): Maximal possible number of repetitions, cycle time, myodynamic decline rate, elbow-joint force, and elbow-joint moment. Results: We observed a difference in cycle time in the initial (2.1 ± 0.42 seconds) and fatigue (2.58 ± 0.46 seconds) stages of the bench-press exercise (P = .04). As the participants fatigued, we observed an increase in the medial-lateral force (P = .03) and internal-external moment (P ≤ .04) acting on the elbow joint. Moreover, a reduction in the elbow muscle strength was observed in the elbow extension-flexion (P ≤ .003) and forearm supination-pronation (P ≤ .001) conditions. Conclusions: The results suggest that performing bench-press exercises to the point of fatigue increases elbow-joint loading and may further increase the risk of injury. Therefore, when clinicians design bench-press exercise regimens for general athletic training, muscle strengthening, or physical rehabilitation, they should control carefully the maximal number of repetitions.

scholarly journals Surface electromyographic analysis of differential effects in kettlebell carries for the serratus anterior muscles

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5044
Author(s):  
Alex Caravan ◽  
John O. Scheffey ◽  
Sam J. Briend ◽  
Kyle J. Boddy
Keyword(s):  
Moving Average ◽  
Professional Baseball ◽  
Large Effect Size ◽  
Serratus Anterior ◽  
Emg Amplitude ◽  
Emg Signal ◽  
Individual Comparison ◽  
Band Pass ◽  
Electromyographic Analysis ◽  
Mean Differences

The purpose of this study was to examine differences in the Electromyography (EMG) amplitude of the serratus anterior between 45° kettlebell carries and 90° kettlebell carries. Thirty-three men aged roughly between 19 and 23 and who were either college or professional baseball pitchers were chosen and randomly assigned to either perform the 45° kettlebell carry followed by the 90° kettlebell carry (n = 17) or the 90° kettlebell carry followed by the 45° kettlebell carry (n = 16). Each pitcher was instructed in the proper usage of the exercise and assigned a short break between the two carries. Changes in EMG amplitude were examined after proper band-pass filtering, normalization, and moving average-smoothing of the raw EMG signal. Differences of the EMG amplitude mean frequencies were examined between each subject’s individual carries and the clumped groups of all 45° and 90° carries. Among each individual comparison, eight pitchers had “large” Effect Size differences between the EMG amplitudes of their two carries, with seven of them signaling the 45° carry as the larger value. In addition, when examining the grouped mean differences of the EMG amplitudes, we found the 45° carries to be significantly higher (p-value of 0.018).

scholarly journals Thoracic posture, shoulder muscle activation patterns and isokinetic strength of semi-professional rugby union players

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Bolton ◽  
SJ Moss ◽  
M Sparks ◽  
PC Venter
Keyword(s):  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Isokinetic Strength ◽  
Serratus Anterior ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Muscle Activation Patterns ◽  
Lower Trapezius

Background. Shoulder injuries are the most severe injuries in rugby union players, accounting for almost 20% of injuries related to the sport and resulting in lost playing hours.Objective. To profile the thoracic posture, scapular muscle activation patterns and rotator cuff muscle isokinetic strength of semi-professionalrugby union players.Methods. Using the hand-behind-the-neck and -back methods, we manually tested the range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder joints of 91 uninjured semi-professional rugby union players who consented to participate in the study. Profiling and classification of thoracic posture was performed according to the New York Posture Test. Activation patterns of the upper and lower trapezius, serratus anterior and infraspinatus scapular muscles were determined by electromyography. The isokinetic muscle strength of the rotator cuff muscles was determined at 60°/sec by measuring the concentric and eccentric forces during internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER).Results. Participants presented with non-ideal or unsatisfactory internal (59%) and external (85%) rotators of the shoulder. A slightly abnormal or abnormal forward head posture was observed in 55% of participants, while 68% had an abnormal shoulder position in the lateral view. The muscle activation sequence of the rotator cuff muscles was: (i) serratus anterior, (ii) lower trapezius, (iii) infraspinatus, and (iv) upper trapezius. The isokinetic ER/IR muscle-strength ratio during concentric muscle contraction was 64% (standard deviation (SD) ±14) for the left shoulder and 54% (SD ±10) for the right shoulder. The ER/IR ratio for eccentric muscle contraction was 67% (SD ±12) and 61% (SD ±9) for the left and right shoulders, respectively.Conclusions. Non-ideal or unsatisfactory flexibility of the external rotators of the shoulder, a forward shoulder posture in the lateral view, and weakness of the external rotators did not result in an abnormal rotator cuff muscle activation pattern in this study. Postural deviations may, however, increase the risk of shoulder injury in rugby union players in the long term, and should be corrected.

scholarly journals A surface electromyographic examination of the serratus anterior during exercise, weight, and order-dependent variations of the bench press

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle J Boddy ◽  
Kyle Rogers ◽  
John Scheffey
Keyword(s):  
Bench Press ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Professional Baseball ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serratus Anterior ◽  
Emg Amplitude ◽  
Emg Signal ◽  
Band Pass ◽  
Non Parametric

The purpose of this study was to examine differences in the Electromyography (EMG) amplitude of the serratus anterior between the dumbbell bench press and barbell bench press, controlling for weight, order of sets, and dominance of arm. Forty (40) men aged 22.6 ± 2.5 years who were either college or professional baseball pitchers were block randomized into four exercise order-specific subgroups and then performed, depending on the aforementioned order-specific sections, 5-rep sets of both dumbbell and barbell bench press at both 95 and 135 lbs. Each pitcher was instructed in the proper usage of the exercise and assigned a standardized 90-second rest period between the four sets. After receiving the raw EMG signal, proper band-pass filtering, rectifying, moving average-smoothing, and normalization of the EMG amplitude was commenced in order to extract meaningful EMG amplitude results. Statistically significant differences were assessed through a pair of non-parametric tests in the Mann-Wilcox and Wallis-Kruskal test, and the dumbbell bench press sets registered higher average mean frequencies at a p-value of 0.0008. The subject’s inclusion in either of the four sections registered at a similarly statistically significant p-value of 0.00008.Our findings indicate that there is a very statistically significant increase in EMG amplitude for the serratus anterior during the dumbbell bench press, as compared to the barbell bench press, a finding that holds up both during the lighter and heavier weights.

scholarly journals Thoracic posture, shoulder muscle activation patterns and isokinetic strength of semi-professional rugby union players

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Bolton ◽  
SJ Moss ◽  
M Sparks ◽  
PC Venter
Keyword(s):  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Isokinetic Strength ◽  
Serratus Anterior ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Muscle Activation Patterns ◽  
Lower Trapezius

Background. Shoulder injuries are the most severe injuries in rugby union players, accounting for almost 20% of injuries related to the sport and resulting in lost playing hours.Objective. To profile the thoracic posture, scapular muscle activation patterns and rotator cuff muscle isokinetic strength of semi-professionalrugby union players.Methods. Using the hand-behind-the-neck and -back methods, we manually tested the range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder joints of 91 uninjured semi-professional rugby union players who consented to participate in the study. Profiling and classification of thoracic posture was performed according to the New York Posture Test. Activation patterns of the upper and lower trapezius, serratus anterior and infraspinatus scapular muscles were determined by electromyography. The isokinetic muscle strength of the rotator cuff muscles was determined at 60°/sec by measuring the concentric and eccentric forces during internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER).Results. Participants presented with non-ideal or unsatisfactory internal (59%) and external (85%) rotators of the shoulder. A slightly abnormal or abnormal forward head posture was observed in 55% of participants, while 68% had an abnormal shoulder position in the lateral view. The muscle activation sequence of the rotator cuff muscles was: (i) serratus anterior, (ii) lower trapezius, (iii) infraspinatus, and (iv) upper trapezius. The isokinetic ER/IR muscle-strength ratio during concentric muscle contraction was 64% (standard deviation (SD) ±14) for the left shoulder and 54% (SD ±10) for the right shoulder. The ER/IR ratio for eccentric muscle contraction was 67% (SD ±12) and 61% (SD ±9) for the left and right shoulders, respectively.Conclusions. Non-ideal or unsatisfactory flexibility of the external rotators of the shoulder, a forward shoulder posture in the lateral view, and weakness of the external rotators did not result in an abnormal rotator cuff muscle activation pattern in this study. Postural deviations may, however, increase the risk of shoulder injury in rugby union players in the long term, and should be corrected.

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