scholarly journals Ultrasonographic evaluation of fetal kidney length as a reliable parameter for estimation of gestation age in 2nd & 3rd trimester

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
Wafa Shaheen ◽  
Syed Amir Gilani ◽  
Zain-ul Hasan ◽  
Mehreen Fatima ◽  
Raham Bacha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Study Finding ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fetal Kidney ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Gestation Age ◽  
Kidney Length ◽  
Reliable Parameter ◽  
Gestational Age Estimation

The fetal Kidney length can be used in estimation of gestational age. In late 2nd and 3rd trimester both kidneys can be visualized easily and can be measured accurately. In late 2nd and 3rd trimester the fetal kidney length can be used as an investigational tool alone or may be in addition of other parameter in estimation of gestational age. The most commonly used parameters used by sonologist can predict gestational age in 1st and 2nd trimester. But as pregnancy advances, the accuracy of these parameters decreased. The length of fetal kidneys in mm collaborates very nicely with gestational age in weeks Objective: To evaluate that fetal kidney length is a reliable parameter for gestational age estimation in 2nd and in 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Methods: 371 healthy, pregnant females with a normal fetus were included in this study. A standard 2nd and 3rd trimester ultrasound examination was done. In addition to the standard biometric parameters, both fetal kidneys length were also measured. The collected data was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: This study finding confirmed that fetal kidney length can be used as standard parameters alone or in addition with other routine parameters for estimation of gestational age in late 2nd and 3rd trimester. The Pearson correlation coefficient r=0.988 which showed a strong correlation with kidney length and gestational age and p value is (0.00) Conclusion: Fetal kidney length estimates gestational age as accurate as other standard traditional parameters. It is more accurate in late 2nd & 3rd trimesters of pregnancy when other parameters are not much reliable. It is easy to detect and measure. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(1): 108-113

scholarly journals Sonographic Correlation of Gestational Age with Fetal Kidney Length

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Sandhya Hemraj ◽  
Sally M Abraham ◽  
US Vinayaka ◽  
G Ravichandra ◽  
Devdas Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fetal Kidney ◽  
Fetal Biometry ◽  
Kidney Length ◽  
Gestational Age Estimation

ABSTRACT Background Gestational age estimation is one of the most important information conveyed by a sonologist when performing an obstetric ultrasound examination. The traditional fetal biometric parameters, such as biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), femur length (FL), and abdominal circumference become increasingly unreliable for accurate gestational age estimation with advancing pregnancy, especially in 3rd trimester. This study was conducted to assess the role of fetal kidney length (KL) as an alternate parameter to assess gestational age in 2nd and 3rd trimesters. Aim To assess relationship between sonographic gestational age and fetal KL between 18 and 39 weeks of gestation. Settings and design Prospective, cross-sectional, single operator study conducted over a period of 1 year in a medical college hospital. Materials and methods Three hundred singleton pregnant women between 18 and 39 weeks of gestation were subjected to antenatal ultrasound. In addition to routine fetal biometry, measurements of fetal KL were made by noting distance between upper and lower poles of each kidney on a sagittal section of the fetal abdomen. The right and left KLs were averaged to obtain a single value for the purpose of statistical analysis. Statistical analysis Statistical analysis is done using SAS 9.2, SPSS 15.0, Stata 10.1, Med Calc 9.0.1, Systat 12.0, and R environment version 2.11.1. Fetal KL was expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Linear regression analysis was used to establish a relationship between sonographic gestational age in weeks and fetal KL. Level of significance was expressed as p value. Results A strong statistical correlation was found between sonographic gestational age and fetal KL. Nomograms and growth curves were constructed to correlate gestational age with fetal KL. Conclusion Fetal KL measurements can be used as alternate method of estimating gestational age in women with uncertain last menstrual periods (LMPs) and presenting late in the gestation for safe confinement. In fetal macrocephaly, hydrocephalus, short-limb dysplasias, and when fetal head is engaged, these measurements are valuable alternate parameters to assess gestational age since they are simple, not time-consuming, easy to identify, and measure. How to cite this article Hemraj S, Abraham SM, Acharya D, Ravichandra G, Vinayaka US. Sonographic Correlation of Gestational Age with Fetal Kidney Length. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2016;7(2):37-41.

scholarly journals Placental thickness in third trimester and its correlation to gestational age and fetal weight in primigravida

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-135
Author(s):  
Muna Badu ◽  
Shankar Bahadur Singh Rajbhandari ◽  
Pashupati Regmi
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
P Value ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Placental Thickness

Background: Gestational age and fetal weight estimation by ultrasound is the most effective and accurate method to date pregnancy. Ultrasound has been used to characterize placental position and morphologic changes. Placental thickness could be one additional parameter to assess gestational age and fetal weight. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between placental thickness with gestational age and fetal weight in third trimester of pregnancy in primigravida. Methodology: Prospective hospital based cross sectional study was conducted including 111 primigravida in third trimester with normal singleton pregnancies in Department of Radiology of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital from November 2018 to February 2019. Patients with known medical and obstetrical complications were excluded from the study. Placental thickness in millimeters was measured at the level of insertion of the umbilical cord. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used for analyzing variables and p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Mean age of participants was 28.3 ± 4.79 years. Posterior location of the placenta was most common (35%). Placental thickness correlated well with the gestational age and fetal weight. Pearson correlation coefficient was found to be 0.645 for placental thickness with gestational age and 0.598 for placental thickness with fetal weight. P-value was <0.001 in both, showing positive correlation of mentioned variables with placental thickness. Conclusion: Placental thickness can be a new and reliable parameter for estimation of gestational age and fetal weight. It can be routinely used during antenatal checkup.

Fetal kidney length as a parameter for determination of gestational age from 20th week to term in healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monalisa Peter ◽  
Ajit Kumar Nayak ◽  
Prajna Paramita Giri ◽  
Manju Kumari Jain
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Fetal Kidney ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
Fetal Biometry ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Uncomplicated Pregnancy ◽  
Kidney Length ◽  
Biometric Indices

Background: Accurate assessment of gestational age is pivotal to give quality maternity care. Ultrasonographic fetal biometry is the most widespread method used to establish GA. Sonographic biometric parameters commonly used are Crown rump Length (CRL), Biparietal diameter (BPD), Head circumference (HC), Abdominal circumference (AC) and Femur length (FL). Fetal Kidney Length (FKL) is one of nontraditional parameter and more accurate method of GA estimation than BPD, FL, HC and AC after 24th week of gestation. This study evaluates role of FKL in estimation of GA and compared its accuracy with other established biometric indices.  Methods: Present study is a cross sectional study and includes healthy women who were certain of their LMP with prior regular menstrual cycles with uncomplicated pregnancy between 20 weeks of gestation to term. Maximum length of anyone single fetal kidney is measured from upper pole to lower pole at least thrice and mean of the measurements was taken. The data has been analyzed in SPSS-21 version and Microsoft word, excel have been used to generate graphs, tables etc.Results: Linear regression equation showed kidney length could predict gestational age with an accuracy ±9.048 days and predictability when combined with other biometric indices was ±8.299 days.Conclusions: The study shows good correlation between gestational age derived from FKL and gestational age from established biometric indices like BPD, HC, AC, and FL.FKL can be combined with the other four biometric indices to give a fair estimation of gestational age.

Role of fetal kidney length in estimation of gestational age

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. S57
Author(s):  
Neelu Luther ◽  
V.V.G. Patnaik ◽  
N. Puri ◽  
A. Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Fetal Kidney ◽  
Kidney Length

scholarly journals Determination of Gestational Age by Fetal Kidney Length Measurement after the 20th Week in Healthy Women with Uncomplicated Pregnancy in Tertiary Care Centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshi BR ◽  
◽  
Chaurasia AK ◽  
Khanal UP ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Fetal Kidney ◽  
Uncomplicated Pregnancy ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Kidney Length

Introduction: Various organs are measured to estimate the gestational age of fetus. Sonographically derived parameters used to date pregnancy include Crown rump length, Biparietal diameter, Head circumference, Femoral length and Abdominal circumference. Fetal kidney length, transcerebellar diameter and placental thickness are emerging as new parameters and are claiming to be more accurate in certain situations. In Nepalese context fetal kidney length has not been studied yet so this study was done to fill this need. Methodology: Obstetric sonography was performed in 108 pregnant women with uncomplicated pregnancy to evaluate the efficacy of FKL as a measure to calculate the predicted gestational age. Gestational age ranged from 20 weeks to term. Only patient with known LMP, previous history of normal menstrual cycle and without any exclusion criteria were included in the study. Results: The study showed mean fetal kidney length at 20-24, 25-29, 30- 34 and 35-37 weeks gestation as 22.5±0.5, 26.9±0.7, 32.32±0.7 and 36.3±0.6 respectively. Overall in combined second and third trimester , fetal kidney length showed strong linear correlation with gestation age with highest significant Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.989 as compared to other parameters (BPD=0.986, HC=0.976, AC=0.971, FL=0.984). Conclusion: Fetal kidney showed strongest linear correlation with clinical gestational age and it also demonstrated positive correlation with biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference and femur length. Therefore fetal kidney length can be used as a reliable parameter for determination of gestational age.

scholarly journals Evaluation of ultrasonographic fetal kidney length for gestational age detection in late second and third trimesters

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
Amal S. Zaghloul
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Multiple Gestation ◽  
Fetal Kidney ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Kidney Length ◽  
The Mean

Accurate estimation of gestational age is necessary to obtain materials for different tests as well as to interpret the results of these tests.Unfortunately sometimes calculation of EDD based on LMP becomes very difficult when (a) The menstrual cycle is irregular; (b) Patient fails to remember LMP or reports inaccurately (c) Pregnancy occurs during lactational amenorrhoea & (d) if patient have bleeding in early pregnancy. After 24 weeks the symphysio-fundal height in cm. approximates to the number of weeks up to 36 weeks of gestation. But a number of factors influence the measurement including multiple gestation, IUGR, diabetic pregnancy, maternal size, variation in fetal lie & engagement as well as inter & intra observer measurement variation.Ultrasonic measurement of fetal biometry (CRL, BPD, FL) are considered to be reliable when they are performed in first & early 2nd trimester (<24 weeks). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonographic fetal kidney length measurement as a new parameter for estimation of gestational age in late second and third trimester in correlation to other commenly used parameters as, BPD, FL, AC. This study was conducted on 122 pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics of Obstetrics and Gynecology department Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, KSA. All were in the late second and third trimester (between 24-40 weeks) of gestation. Cases included in the study were divided into four gestational age groups with four weeks interval. The length of the fetal kidney was measured. The mean gestational age was calculated on the bases of biparietal diameter (BPD).femur length (FL) and abdominal circumference (AC). The fetal kidney measurements were obtained by the same sonographer to avoid interobserver variation using (GE machine E8) and were compared with gestational age using statistical analysis No statistically significant differences were found between the right and the left renal measurements in cases in which the two kidneys were imaged In this study, during the second and third trimester the mean kidney length showed gradual rate of increase. the mean kidney length was found to be 30.52.1 mm at mean gestational age of 26weeks and became at the mean gestational age of34 weeks, 40.4103 mm(:(±1.98) and at mean gestational age of 38 week it measured44.41mm((±2.1). In addition, we found a positive correlation between kidney length and gestational age. We suggested regression Formula to calculate it. Conclusion: Throughout this study, we can conclude that Fetal kidney length could be used with accuracy in the late second and third trimester especially in women who are uncertain of date of LMP and are booked late for ANC.however its accuracy is decreased when we use it in late third trimester.Other ultrasonographic parameters used for estimation of the gestational age as BPD ,AC are less satisfactory ,when compared with femur length and kidney length.

Ultrasound estimation of gestational age from fetal kidney length

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. S25
Author(s):  
Diana Laishram ◽  
Geetha Anand ◽  
Senthilnathan
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Fetal Kidney ◽  
Kidney Length
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