scholarly journals A STUDY OF URBAN DESIGN ABOUT URBAN EXPANSION PLANS OF LOCAL CITIES IN THE LATE 19TH CENTURY

2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (691) ◽  
pp. 1973-1979
Author(s):  
Kosuke SAKURA ◽  
Akiko OKABE
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Erik Schmitz

Abstract Building landscapes A drawing by artist Jan Hoynck van Papendrecht (1858-1933) can be understood as a view of the f irst buildings along Amsterdam’s Van Eeghenstraat, as seen from his rear window. The late 19th-century method of raising polder meadows for urban expansion is also clearly visible on a hitherto mislocated drawing by Gerrit Haverkamp (1872-1926) of a building site in Amsterdam Oud-West. The chronological development of raising building sites can still be acknowledged from height differences in Amsterdams urban fabric. Building landscapes are rather underexposed in Dutch historical geography as a seemingly temporary situation. However, they are an intrinsic and sometimes longer-lasting part of the landscape’s biography and deserve more attention than they have received until now.


2019 ◽  
pp. 256-281
Author(s):  
E.M. Kopot`

The article brings up an obscure episode in the rivalry of the Orthodox and Melkite communities in Syria in the late 19th century. In order to strengthen their superiority over the Orthodox, the Uniates attempted to seize the church of St. George in Izraa, one of the oldest Christian temples in the region. To the Orthodox community it presented a threat coming from a wealthier enemy backed up by the See of Rome and the French embassy. The only ally the Antioch Patriarchate could lean on for support in the fight for its identity was the Russian Empire, a traditional protector of the Orthodox Arabs in the Middle East. The documents from the Foreign Affairs Archive of the Russian Empire, introduced to the scientific usage for the first time, present a unique opportunity to delve into the history of this conflict involving the higher officials of the Ottoman Empire as well as the Russian embassy in ConstantinopleВ статье рассматривается малоизвестный эпизод соперничества православной и Мелкитской общин в Сирии в конце XIX века. Чтобы укрепить свое превосходство над православными, униаты предприняли попытку захватить церковь Святого Георгия в Израа, один из старейших христианских храмов в регионе. Для православной общины он представлял угрозу, исходящую от более богатого врага, поддерживаемого Римским престолом и французским посольством. Единственным союзником, на которого Антиохийский патриархат мог опереться в борьбе за свою идентичность, была Российская Империя, традиционный защитник православных арабов на Ближнем Востоке. Документы из архива иностранных дел Российской Империи, введены в научный оборот впервые, уникальная возможность углубиться в историю этого конфликта с участием высших должностных лиц в Османской империи, а также российского посольства в Константинополе.


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