Picosecond Single-Photon and Femtosecond Two-Photon Pulsed Laser Stimulation for IC Characterization and Failure Analysis

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Pouget ◽  
E. Faraud ◽  
K. Shao ◽  
S. Jonathas ◽  
D. Horain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Ultrashort Laser Pulses ◽  
Laser Stimulation ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Resolution Improvement ◽  
Ultrashort Laser

Abstract This paper presents the use of pulsed laser stimulation with picosecond and femtosecond laser pulses. We first discuss the resolution improvement that can be expected when using ultrashort laser pulses. Two case studies are then presented to illustrate the possibilities of the pulsed laser photoelectric stimulation in picosecond single-photon and femtosecond two-photon modes.

scholarly journals Fabricating waveguide Bragg gratings (WBGs) in bulk materials using ultrashort laser pulses

Nanophotonics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 743-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Ams ◽  
Peter Dekker ◽  
Simon Gross ◽  
Michael J. Withford
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Bragg Gratings ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Ultrafast Laser ◽  
Ultrashort Laser Pulses ◽  
Clean Room ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
Ultrashort Laser

AbstractOptical waveguide Bragg gratings (WBGs) can be created in transparent materials using femtosecond laser pulses. The technique is conducted without the need for lithography, ion-beam fabrication methods, or clean room facilities. This paper reviews the field of ultrafast laser-inscribed WBGs since its inception, with a particular focus on fabrication techniques, WBG characteristics, WBG types, and WBG applications.

Localized Electron Evolution Induced by Femtosecond Laser Pulses in Water

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Fan ◽  
J. Sun ◽  
J. P. Longtin
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Inhomogeneous Plasma ◽  
Optical Breakdown ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Ultrashort Laser Pulses ◽  
Rate Equations ◽  
Focal Region ◽  
Ultrashort Laser

Abstract Optical breakdown by ultrashort laser pulses in dielectrics presents an efficient method to deposit laser energy into materials that otherwise exhibit minimal absorption at low laser intensities. During optical breakdown, a high density of free electrons is formed in the material, which dominates energy absorption, and, in turn, the material removal rate during ultrafast laser-material processing. Classical models assume spatially uniform electron population and constant laser intensity in the focal region, which results in a time-dependent expressions only, i.e., the rate equations, to predict electron evolution induced by nanosecond and picosecond pulses. For femtosecond pulses, however, the small spatial extent of the pulse requires that the pulse propagation be considered, which results in inhomogeneous plasma and localized electron formation during optical breakdown. In this work, a femtosecond breakdown model is combined with the classical rate equations to determine both time- and position-dependent electron density during femtosecond optical breakdown in water. The model exhibits good agreement when compared with experimental results. For other transparent or moderately absorbing dielectric media, the model also shows promise for determining the time- and position-dependent electron evolution induced by ultrashort laser pulses. Another interesting result is that the maximum electron density formed during femtosecond-laser-induced optical breakdown can exceed the conventional limit imposed by the plasma frequency.

ENERGY TRANSMITTANCE AND SPATIAL PHASE IMPROVEMENT OF INTENSE ULTRASHORT LASER PULSES IN GAS-FILLED HOLLOW FIBER USING PRESSURE GRADIENT METHOD

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 291-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD NURHUDA ◽  
HERU BUDIONO ◽  
AKIRA SUDA ◽  
KATSUMI MIDORIKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Gradient Method ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Ultrashort Laser Pulses ◽  
Input Energy ◽  
Spatial Phase ◽  
Ultrashort Laser

A pressure gradient method for spectral broadening of intense-femtosecond laser pulses in gas-filled hollow fiber is proposed. The simulations using input energy of 6 mJ and pulse duration of 40 fs have shown that using the same value of ∫ p(x)dx, the energy transmittance can be enhanced by a factor of 25% compared to that of using constant gas pressure while the global spatial phase is also improved.

Inorganic-organic Hybrid Materials for Real 3-D Sub-νm Lithography

2003 ◽  
Vol 780 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Houbertz ◽  
J. Schulz ◽  
L. Fröhlich ◽  
G. Domann ◽  
M. Popall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Hybrid Polymer ◽  
Organic Hybrid ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Applied Technology ◽  
Scale Structures ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

AbstractReal 3-D sub-νm lithography was performed with two-photon polymerization (2PP) using inorganic-organic hybrid polymer (ORMOCER®) resins. The hybrid polymers were synthesized by hydrolysis/polycondensation reactions (modified sol-gel synthesis) which allows one to tailor their material properties towards the respective applications, i.e., dielectrics, optics or passivation. Due to their photosensitive organic functionalities, ORMOCER®s can be patterned by conventional photo-lithography as well as by femtosecond laser pulses at 780 nm. This results in polymerized (solid) structures where the non-polymerized parts can be removed by conventional developers.ORMOCER® structures as small as 200 nm or even below were generated by 2PP of the resins using femtosecond laser pulses. It is demonstrated that ORMOCER®s have the potential to be used in components or devices built up by nm-scale structures such as, e.g., photonic crystals. Aspects of the materials in conjunction to the applied technology are discussed.

scholarly journals Two-photon polymerization with variable repetition rate bursts of femtosecond laser pulses

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (28) ◽  
pp. 29890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Baldacchini ◽  
Scott Snider ◽  
Ruben Zadoyan
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Repetition Rate ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Two Photon Polymerization

scholarly journals Two-Photon Polymerization of Albumin Hydrogel Nanowires Strengthened with Graphene Oxide

Biomimetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Nikita Nekrasov ◽  
Natalya Yakunina ◽  
Vladimir Nevolin ◽  
Ivan Bobrinetskiy ◽  
Pavel Vasilevsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Nanoelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Direct Laser ◽  
Two Photon Polymerization

Multifunctional biomaterials can pave a way to novel types of micro- and nanoelectromechanical systems providing benefits in mimicking of biological functions in implantable, wearable structures. The production of biocomposites that hold both superior electrical and mechanical properties is still a challenging task. In this study, we aim to fabricate 3D printed hydrogel from a biocomposite of bovine serum albumin with graphene oxide (BSA@GO) using femtosecond laser processing. We have developed the method for functional BSA@GO composite nanostructuring based on both two-photon polymerization of nanofilaments and direct laser writing. The atomic-force microscopy was used to probe local electrical and mechanical properties of hydrogel BSA@GO nanowires. The improved local mechanical properties demonstrate synergistic effect in interaction of femtosecond laser pulses and novel composite structure.

Plasmon-Enhanced Two-Photon Absorption of Infrared Femtosecond Laser Pulses in Thin Gold Films

JETP Letters ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 382-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. Kudryashov ◽  
P. A. Danilov ◽  
S. G. Bezhanov ◽  
A. A. Rudenko ◽  
A. A. Ionin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Gold Films ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Two Photon
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