Arachis hypogaea Plant Recovery Through in Vitro Culture of Peg Tips1

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. L. Feng ◽  
H. T. Stalker ◽  
H. E. Pattee ◽  
T. G. Isleib
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Root Production ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Vitro Development ◽  
Mature Seeds

Abstract In vitro culture of embryos in Arachis is necessary to recover interspecific hybrids which otherwise abort soon after fertilization. The objective of this research was to develop in vitro techniques to promote proembryo development so that plants can be recovered. Aerial peg tips consisting of embryos, ovules, and peg meristem of Arachis hypogaea L. cv. NC 6, were collected 7, 10, and 14 d after self-pollination. Peg tips were cultured in the dark on combined MS and B5 media with NAA, GA3 and 6-BAP for 90 d. The effects of plant growth regulators on in vitro reproductive traits, including peg elongation, callus and root production, pod formation, ovule and embryo development were variable. Results indicated that 10-d-old peg tips, which contained eight-celled proembryos, had more embryo development and pod formation than 7- and 14-d-old peg tips. Medium with 4 mg L-1 NAA and 0.5 mg L-1 6-BAP suppressed in vitro development of pods, ovules and embryos and induced large amounts of callus. Media with lower concentrations of NAA, GA3, and 6-BAP caused development of more and larger pods and ovules. The development of young embryos from proembryos was observed and mature seeds were obtained by an in vitro one-step process. Peanut plants were obtained both from in vitro-recovered embryos and from mature seeds.

35 EFFECTIVENESS OF MICROWELL-BASED IN VITRO CULTURE SYSTEMS FOR BOVINEZONA-FREE CLONED EMBRYOS

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
C. Feltrin ◽  
M. Machado ◽  
L. M. V. Queiroz ◽  
M. A. S. Peixer ◽  
P. F. Malard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Zona Pellucida ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Aggregation State ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
In Vitro Development ◽  
Vitro Development

In vitro embryo production by handmade cloning (HMC) usually requires individual embryo culture, because zona-free embryos cannot be grouped in standard in vitro culture (IVC) protocols. The aim of this study was to evaluate the developmental potential of bovine embryos produced by HMC (Ribeiro et al. 2009 Cloning Stem Cells 11, 377–386) after in vitro culture (IVC) in 3 microwell (WOW) systems. After in vitro maturation, oocytes were denuded and incubated in demecolcine (Ibáñez et al. 2003 Biol. Reprod. 68, 1249–1258), followed by zona pellucida removal, oocyte bisection, embryo reconstruction, electrofusion, and chemical activation. Cloned embryos were allocated to 1 of 3 IVC groups: cWOW: conventional microwells (250 μm, round; Vajta et al. 2000 Mol. Reprod. Dev. 55, 256–264); mWOW: modified microwells (130 μm, conical; Feltrin et al. 2006 Reprod. Fert. Dev. 18, 126); and WOW-PDMS: microwells in polydimethylsiloxane chips (170 μm, cylindrical with microchannels); IVF embryos were used as controls (Bertolini et al. 2004 Reproduction 128, 341–354). Cleavage (Day 2), blastocyst (Day 7), and pregnancy (Day 30) rates were analysed by the chi-square test, for P < 0.05. Results are shown in Table 1. Cleavage rates were similar between groups, but development to the blastocyst stage was higher in IVF controls than cloned embryo groups. Among cloned embryo groups, blastocyst rate was higher in the mWOW group than the conventional and the PMDS-based microchannels. Nevertheless, in vivo development to Day 30 of pregnancy was not different between cloned groups. Our results for in vitro embryo development indicated that the mWOW provided more suitable conditions for embryo development to the blastocyst stage when compared with cWOW or even WOW-PDMS. Among some possible reasons include the physical advantage of a smaller microwell that may better mimic the constraining effect of the zona pellucida on the developing embryo. That may also provide greater blastomere stability, favouring the aggregation state during the first rounds of cleavages, also aiding compaction and subsequent cavitation. The narrower microwell system appeared to have promoted better in vitro development than the conventional and the DMPS-based microwell systems, with no impact on subsequent in vivo development. However, the IVC in the WOW-PDMS system supported reasonable rates of development, in accordance with the current literature. Table 1.In vitro development of bovine IVF and cloned embryos produced after the in vitro culture in distinct IVC systems

Regeneration of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) plantlets by in vitro culture of immature leaves

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 826-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Mroginski ◽  
K. K. Kartha ◽  
J. P. Shyluk
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Bud Regeneration ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Germinated Seeds

The in vitro regeneration of buds, shoots, and roots from immature leaves of 3- to 5-day-old peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. cv. Colorado Manfredi) seedlings was studied under defined nutritional, hormonal, and environmental conditions. The first two leaves (2–5 mm in length) removed from aseptically germinated seeds were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium containing vitamins as in B5 medium and 0.8% agar, supplemented with 12 combinations of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (0.01 to 4 mg/L) and benzyladenine (BA) (1 and 3 mg/L). Bud regeneration occurred in all hormone combinations, but the maximum number of buds was regenerated at a concentration of 1 mg/L each of NAA and BA. Although bud regeneration was maximum with 2- to 5-mm-long leaflets, some success was also obtained with leaflets 8–13 mm long. However, no buds were regenerated when fully expanded leaflets were cultured.Development of buds into shoots was readily achieved by transferring regenerated buds into fresh medium containing 0.01 mg/L NAA and 1 mg/L BA. A few roots were induced to grow when callus with buds was also transferred to medium devoid of hormones. So far, bud regeneration from immature leaves has been induced in vitro in 5 of the 10 cultivars tested.

Detached Leaf Technique for the Establishment of Root Cultures of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Ulrike Krauss
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Detached Leaf ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Axillary Meristems ◽  
Embryo Axes ◽  
Detached Leaves

Abstract Axenic cultures of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) roots can be initiated from in vitro cultured embryos and shoot meristems. Embryo axes produced more shoots than tissue taken from axillary meristems. For tissue derived from shoot cultures, Virginia cultivars had a higher percentage of rooting explants than a Spanish cultivar. Inoculation with Agrobacterium rhizogenes increased root yields. However, root propagation in liquid medium was unsuccessful. On the other hand, the use of detached leaves, incubated on a sand/mineral liquid medium, led to vigorous root production after inoculation with A. rhizogenes, regardless of the bacterial strain used. These roots could be propagated subsequently in liquid medium. The advantages of the detached leaf technique are discussed.

scholarly journals In Vitro Callus Culture and Plant Regeneration from Different Explants of Groundnut(Arachis hypogaea L.).

1996 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-320
Author(s):  
Perumal Venkatachalam ◽  
Adaikalam Subramaniampillai ◽  
Narayanasamylpillai Jayabalan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Callus Culture ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

scholarly journals In vitro culture from mature seeds of Passiflora species

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Guzzo ◽  
Stefania Ceoldo ◽  
Filippo Andreetta ◽  
Marisa Levi
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Zygotic Embryo ◽  
South American ◽  
Zygotic Embryo Culture ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
American Tropics ◽  
Mature Seeds ◽  
Continuous Source

The genus Passiflora comprises hundred species, mainly native of the South American tropics and rainforests, which are grouped into 21 subgenera. Some species are widely studied for their economic importance and are chiefly cultivated for production of fruit juice. To obtain a continuous source of material for a screening of secondary metabolites, zygotic embryo culture was attempted for 62 Passiflora species, starting from seeds mainly collected in the wild. Twenty nine of these species produced calli, which had very different growth rates. Plants were successfully regenerated from calli of 13 different species. For 25 of the responsive species this is the first report of in vitro culture.

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