scholarly journals Impact of climate change on quantity and area of forest fires in the northern part of the Black Sea Region of Ukraine

2017 ◽  
pp. 60-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. O. Balabukh ◽  
S. V. Zibtsev
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Wind Regime ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Average Area ◽  
Climatic Period

The aim of this study consists in assessment of impact of change of thermal regime, air moisture and weather phenomena on quantity and area of forest fires in the northern part of the Black Sea Region of Ukraine, their possible changes and consequences by the middle of XXI century with regard to modern climatic period for SRESA1B scenario and setting of some proportion of uncertainty of these changes. The study of regional peculiarities of climate change was performed on the basis of daily meteorological observations over the period of 1961-2013 in the context of Kherson region. To assess impact of weather conditions on fire safety data on number of forest fires and their area in the region over 1996-2013 (about 4 000 cases of fire) were used. The study was carried out using regression and correlation analysis. Calculation projections of climate characteristics’ change resulting in forest fires was performed for the period of 2021-2050 with relation to modern climatic period (1981-2010) using the data of regional climate model REMO with resolution of 25 km initiated by ECHAM5 global model calculation. It was found that number and area of forest fires in the northern part of the Black Sea Region of Ukraine is largely dependent on thermal regime, moisture and wind regime. Influence of temperature appears to be decisive and affects area of fires rather than their number. For example, increase of annual / summer average air temperature by 1°C can lead to increase of average area of fire almost by 110% and 90% respectively and increase of number of days with atmospheric drought and heat (maximum temperature above 30°C) by 10 days can cause increase of average area of fires by 130% and 80%. At the same time air temperature in September and October has a significant impact on number of fires: increase of monthly average air temperature by 1°C can lead to increase of number of fires by 20%. Climate change analysis conducted in Kherson oblast resulted in finding that over the recent decades the region faced a significant change of thermal regime, moisture and wind regime, recurrence of weather phenomena affecting number and area of forest fires. These changes led to increase of fire risks in the region. Evaluation of possible changes of these characteristics by the middle of the XXI century showed that the under SRES A1B scenario the region might expect further increase of temperature throughout the year, growth of number of hot days and duration of sultry period. Since these processes are accompanied by increase of duration of dry period these changes will significantly affect fire risk increase – number of forest fires and their area by the middle of the XXI century in Kherson region may significantly grow. Obtained results can be used to develop plans for adaptation to climate change.

scholarly journals Research of the Aerosol Optical and Microphysical Characteristics of the Atmosphere over the Black Sea Region by the FIRMS System during the Forest Fires in 2018–2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Kalinskaya ◽  
A. S. Papkova ◽  
D. M. Kabanov ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Optical Characteristics ◽  
Fire Intensity ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
The North

Purpose. The Black Sea region where the forest fires were recorded by the FIRMS system, as well as the atmosphere above it, namely the fire-induced variation of the atmospheric aerosol basic optical characteristics, were the main objects of the investigation. The study is aimed at examining the fires in the Black Sea region in 2018–2019 for assessing correlation between these events and variability of the basic optical characteristics over the Black Sea. Methods and Results. Based on the FIRMS system data, variations of intensity of the fire-induced radiation were studied. The results of statistical processing of the MODIS and VIIRS satellite data on the fires in 2018–2019 were represented. For the dates when the fire numbers were the highest in the Black Sea region, the basic optical and microphysical characteristics of the atmospheric aerosol were analyzed due to the SPM and AERONET data. The dates when the fire intensity was particularly high (based on the MODIS and VIIRS data) were analyzed and compared with the dates when the anomalous values of the atmospheric aerosol optical characteristics were recorded over the region under study. Conclusions. For the fire events in the Black Sea region revealed due to the MODIS and VIIRS data, complex analysis of the air mass transfer was performed by the model HYSPLIT, and the aerosol was typed by the CALIPSO algorithm. On June 22, 2019 the most intense fires were recorded. According to the aerosol typing by the CALIPSO algorithm, on this day the predominant aerosol types were the contaminated dust and smoke. Using the MODIS and VIIRS data, investigation of possible source of the aerosol transfer on this date showed that the area of intense inflammationn and smoke was located to the northeast from the Black Sea region. Since the satellite-derived data on this day showed no dust transfer either from the Sahara or the Syria deserts, it is possible to conclude that increase of the values of aerosol optical depth АОD (500) was conditioned by transfer of the aerosol resulted from biomass burning from the north to the Black Sea region.

scholarly journals Research of the Aerosol Optical and Microphysical Characteristics of the Atmosphere over the Black Sea Region by the FIRMS System during the Forest Fires in 2018–2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Kalinskaya ◽  
A. S. Papkova ◽  
D. M. Kabanov ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Optical Characteristics ◽  
Fire Intensity ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
The North

Purpose. The Black Sea region where the forest fires were recorded by the FIRMS system, as well as the atmosphere above it, namely the fire-induced variation of the atmospheric aerosol basic optical characteristics, were the main objects of the investigation. The study is aimed at examining the fires in the Black Sea region in 2018–2019 for assessing correlation between these events and variability of the basic optical characteristics over the Black Sea. Methods and Results. Based on the FIRMS system data, variations of intensity of the fire-induced radiation were studied. The results of statistical processing of the MODIS and VIIRS satellite data on the fires in 2018–2019 were represented. For the dates when the fire numbers were the highest in the Black Sea region, the basic optical and microphysical characteristics of the atmospheric aerosol were analyzed due to the SPM and AERONET data. The dates when the fire intensity was particularly high (based on the MODIS and VIIRS data) were analyzed and compared with the dates when the anomalous values of the atmospheric aerosol optical characteristics were recorded over the region under study. Conclusions. For the fire events in the Black Sea region revealed due to the MODIS and VIIRS data, complex analysis of the air mass transfer was performed by the model HYSPLIT, and the aerosol was typed by the CALIPSO algorithm. On June 22, 2019 the most intense fires were recorded. According to the aerosol typing by the CALIPSO algorithm, on this day the predominant aerosol types were the contaminated dust and smoke. Using the MODIS and VIIRS data, investigation of possible source of the aerosol transfer on this date showed that the area of intense inflammationn and smoke was located to the northeast from the Black Sea region. Since the satellite-derived data on this day showed no dust transfer either from the Sahara or the Syria deserts, it is possible to conclude that increase of the values of aerosol optical thickness АОD (500) was conditioned by transfer of the aerosol resulted from biomass burning from the north to the Black Sea region.

scholarly journals GREEN TRANSFORMATION OF THE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS SYSTEM OF THE BLACK SEA REGION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EUROPEAN GREEN DEAL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viacheslav Liashenko ◽  
Olena Tsvirko ◽  
Nataliia Trushkina
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Black Sea Region

The article proposes a comprehensive approach to assessing the development of the transport and logistics system of the Black Sea region. This approach is based on the use of a set of indicators that characterize the current state of the transport and logistics system from an environmental point of view. Such indicators include volumes of pollutant emissions from mobile sources; emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere from the activities of transport and warehousing; volumes of industrial waste (generated, disposed of, disposed of in specially designated places or facilities, accumulated during operation in specially designated places or facilities); current expenditures and capital investments for environmental protection in the field of transport and warehousing; capital investment in air protection and climate change; capital investments in waste management; current expenditures on-air protection and climate change issues; current costs of waste management; investments in capital repairs of fixed assets for environmental protection. On the basis of the received results of the carried-out diagnostics, modern ecological problems of functioning of transport and logistic system of the region are revealed. As a result of the research, it is proved that to ensure the effective functioning of the transport and logistics system of the Black Sea economic region on the basis of green economy and balanced sustainable development it is advisable to implement a comprehensive approach. Its essence is the symbiosis and integration of principles, functions, management methods, information systems, green technologies, and green financial instruments aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions, improving environmental safety, making sound innovative decisions on environmental management of logistics. It is established that in modern Ukrainian realities it is necessary to apply in the Black Sea region the best international practice of implementing the mechanism of "green" financing of infrastructure projects.

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