Testing the Addition of an Anti-cancer Drug, M6620, to the Usual Treatment (Radiation Therapy) for Chemotherapy-Resistant Triple-Negative or Estrogen and/or Progesterone Receptor Positive, HER2 Negative Breast Cancer

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Progesterone Receptor ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Usual Treatment ◽  
Anti Cancer

scholarly journals TNBC: A brief discussion on Triple Negative Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Dipty Tandi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Female Hormone ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Drug Treatments ◽  
Her 2 ◽  
Specific Receptors

TNBC; Triple negative breast cancer is one of the most aggressive type of breast cancer with a high reoccurrence and mortality rate. The reason behind its aggressive type is that TNBC do not have such specific receptors as other cancers. Substantially, Breast tumor cells carries receptors that work as doors for many mechanisms and hormone/enzyme based treatment. These receptors are estrogen (female hormone), Progesterone (female hormone) and HER-2 (Protein; Human epidermal receptor). Absence of these enzymes is result into the less option availability in cancer treatment. To find more possible treatments like chemotherapy, lumpectomy, radiation therapy and other gene therapy we first need to understand the concept behind occurrence and reoccurrence of TNBC. This review listed the possible study of triple negative breast cancer including its appearance in society and the molecular/genetic involvement. It is formerly known that cancer take place due to mutation in BRCA group of genes so it is important to know how it works in the case of TNBC. This study also summarizes the influence of anti-diabetic drug treatment (e.g. metformin) on diabetic cancer patients in order to cancer therapy of TNBC and effect of high glucose concentric cells on anti- cancer drug treatments and strategies for development in TNBC development. Keywords: TNBC; female hormone, breast cancer, BRCA group.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte infiltration and chemokine predict long-term patient survival independently of tumor mutational burden in triple-negative breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 175883592110066
Author(s):  
Eriko Katsuta ◽  
Li Yan ◽  
Mateusz Opyrchal ◽  
Pawel Kalinski ◽  
Kazuaki Takabe
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Mutational Burden ◽  
Cancer Immunity ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Tumor Mutational Burden ◽  
Patient Prognosis

Background: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) infiltration into tumor is a positive prognostic factor in breast cancer. High tumor mutational burden (TMB) is also considered as a predictor of tumor immunogenicity and response to immunotherapy. However, it is unclear whether the infiltration of functional CTL simply reflects the TMB or represents an independent prognostic value. Methods: Utilizing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) breast cancer cohort, we established the Functional Hotness Score (FHS). The associations of FHS and breast cancer patient prognosis as well as distinct immunity markers were analyzed in a total of 3011 breast cancer patients using TCGA, METABRIC and metastatic breast cancer (MBC) cohort GSE110590. Results: We established FHS, based on CD8A, GZMB and CXCL10 gene expression levels of bulk tumors, which delivered the best prognostic value among some gene combinations. Breast cancer patients with the high-FHS tumors showed significantly better survival. FHS was lower in the MBCs. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) showed the highest FHS among subtypes. FHS predicted patient survival in hormone receptor (HR)-negative, especially in TNBC, but not in HR-positive breast cancer. FHS predicted patient prognosis independently in TNBC. The high-FHS TNBCs showed not only higher CD8+ T cell infiltration, but also enhanced broader type-1 anti-cancer immunity. The patients with the high-FHS tumors showed better prognosis not only in high-TMB tumors but also in low-TMB TNBCs. The combination of high-TMB with high-FHS identified a unique subset of patients who do not recur over time in TNBC. Conclusion: TNBCs with high FHS based on the expression levels of CD8A, GZMB and CXCL10 showed improved prognosis with enhanced anti-cancer immunity regardless of TMB. FHS constitutes an independent prognostic marker of survival, particularly robustly when combined with TMB in TNBC.

Prevascularized, Co-Culture Model for Breast Cancer Drug Development

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Marshall ◽  
Isabel Löwstedt ◽  
Paul Gatenholm ◽  
Joel Berry
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Anti Cancer

The objective of this study was to create 3D engineered tissue models to accelerate identification of safe and efficacious breast cancer drug therapies. It is expected that this platform will dramatically reduce the time and costs associated with development and regulatory approval of anti-cancer therapies, currently a multi-billion dollar endeavor [1]. Existing two-dimensional (2D) in vitro and in vivo animal studies required for identification of effective cancer therapies account for much of the high costs of anti-cancer medications and health insurance premiums borne by patients, many of whom cannot afford it. An emerging paradigm in pharmaceutical drug development is the use of three-dimensional (3D) cell/biomaterial models that will accurately screen novel therapeutic compounds, repurpose existing compounds and terminate ineffective ones. In particular, identification of effective chemotherapies for breast cancer are anticipated to occur more quickly in 3D in vitro models than 2D in vitro environments and in vivo animal models, neither of which accurately mimic natural human tumor environments [2]. Moreover, these 3D models can be multi-cellular and designed with extracellular matrix (ECM) function and mechanical properties similar to that of natural in vivo cancer environments [3].

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