scholarly journals KIDNEY FUNCTION IN NEWBORN CHILDREN

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7(76)) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
T.N, Ugleva ◽  
L.A. Alexeenko
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Schwartz Formula ◽  
Premature Babies

Objective. The article discusses the problem of assessing renal function of the kidneys in premature babies born as a result of prematurely premature births with extremely low birth weight. Materials and methods. The functional state of the kidneys was evaluated in 148 children with ELBW and VLBW in the period from 1 to 90 days of postnatal age. The urine output rate, serum creatinine level, GFR calculation according to the Schwartz formula. Results. The results of the study showed that premature babies with ELBW are characterized by elevated serum creatinine levels and a low glomerular filtration rate, starting from the 4th day of life. An increase in GFR from the 3rd week of postnatal life significantly increases the likelihood of survival of premature babies with ELBW. The decrease in glomerular filtration rate in this contingent of children is associated not so much with kidney damage, but rather due to a more pronounced immaturity of nephrons Conclusion: Kidney function in preterm infants with ENMT is much lower than even in more mature children with ONHT. This is confirmed by high persistent levels of creatinine in serum and low SCF values throughout the neonatal period of life.

An elevated serum creatinine in a patient receiving palbociclib

2021 ◽  
pp. 239936932110214
Author(s):  
Marco Bonilla ◽  
Khawaja Arsalan Bashir ◽  
Kenar D Jhaveri
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Elevated Serum Creatinine ◽  
Transient Elevation

Background: Serum Creatinine (SCr) is the most widely used parameter in clinical practice to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Various drugs have been reported to cause a reversible and transient elevation in SCr without a true reduction in overall kidney function Case Presentation: We describe a case of a 66-year-old-woman with right breast poorly differentiated invasive ductal carcinoma, hormone receptor positive and HER2 negative who received treatment with fulvestrant and palbociclib. The initial dose of Palbociclib was 125 mg orally a day, then reduce to 100 mg orally a day. She presented for evaluation of elevated serum creatinine with decreased eGFR. Upon evaluation an estimated glomerular filtration rate by cystatin C showed kidney function at her baseline for the past year. Conclusion: Palbocicib is a selective inhibitor of the cyclin-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6. Physicians should be aware that patients undergoing therapy with palbociclib require monitoring of kidney function and an increase in serum creatinine from baseline, might represent an inhibitory effect of the secretion of creatinine.

Monitoring of Patients in Prophylactic Lithium Treatment

1982 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Vestergaard ◽  
Mogens Schou ◽  
Klaus Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Biopsy ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Serum Tsh

The effect of long-term lithium treatment on the kidneys has generated concern among psychiatrists, and proposals have been made that routine determinations of serum lithium and serum TSH should be supplemented with control of the kidney function through regular determinations of serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate, and renal concentrating ability, as well as through kidney biopsy in certain circumstances.

scholarly journals Risk of Developing Low Glomerular Filtration Rate or Elevated Serum Creatinine in a Screened Cohort in Okinawa, Japan

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunitoshi ISEKI ◽  
Chiho ISEKI ◽  
Yoshiharu IKEMIYA ◽  
Kozen KINJO ◽  
Shuichi TAKISHITA
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Elevated Serum Creatinine

Discrepancy in calculated and measured glomerular filtration rates in patients treated with PARP inhibitors

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziela Zibetti Dal Molin ◽  
Shannon Neville Westin ◽  
Pavlos Msaouel ◽  
Larissa M Gomes ◽  
Andrea Dickens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Parp Inhibitors ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Elevated Serum Creatinine ◽  
Measured Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

ObjectiveTo describe discrepancies in calculated and measured glomerular filtration rate in patients using PARP (poly ADP ribose polymerase) inhibitors who had an elevation in serum creatinine levels.MethodsRetrospective cohort, single center study. Patients included were those with ovarian or endometrial cancer taking olaparib, rucaparib or niraparib, and in in whom an increased serum creatinine was identified. The study cohort included those who also underwent technetium-99m radioisotope renography (glomerular filtration rate (GFR) scan). The main objective is to describe the discrepancies in calculated glomerular filtration rate using the Cockcroft-Gault method and measured glomerular filtration rate using a GFR scan.Results211 patients were included in the study; 64 (30%) had on-treatment elevated serum creatinine, and 23 (36%) underwent a GFR scan. 32 GFR scans were performed (six patients had more than one scan). Using a clinical cut-off ≥50 mL/min as normal renal function, both calculated and estimated glomerular filtration rates were below normal in 6 of 32 GFR scans. In those patients undergoing a GFR scan, serum creatinine had risen a median 49% (IQR 20–66%, range 0–144%) above baseline. Discordance between a calculated low glomerular filtration rate and an estimated normal glomerular filtration rate occurred in 63% (range of glomerular filtration rate discrepancy: −46% to +237%). Despite increases in serum creatinine on therapy and a subsequent significant decline in the per patient calculated creatinine clearance (mean 65.6 mL/min vs 43.4 mL/min; p<0.0001), the estimated glomerular filtration rate from the renal scan was nearly identical to the patient’s baseline (65.6 mL/min vs 66.1 mL/min; p=0.89).ConclusionsSerum creatinine elevation in patients taking PARP inhibitors may not be associated with a true decrease in glomerular filtration rate. A high index of suspicion should be maintained for alternative causes of elevated serum creatinine in patients treated with PARP inhibitors who lack other sources of renal injury.

scholarly journals Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate Using Full Age Spectrum Equation to Assess Kidney Function in Hypertensive Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Balkar Chand ◽  
Lovleen Bhatia ◽  
Kanchan Vohra
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is accepted as the best indicator of kidney function and commonly assessed from serum creatinine (Cr) and cystatin C (Cys-C) based equations. The present cross-sectional, observational study aimed to assess eGFR using a new and validated Full Age Spectrum (FAS) equation and compared with eGFR assessed using old and established equations in hypertensive patients. Materials and Methods: Overall, 60 subjects were recruited for the study, including 30 hypertensive patients and 30 age and sex matched healthy subjects. Serum creatinine and cystatin C were measured using commercial biochemical kits. These levels were used to derive and compare eGFR using our different equations, namely, Cockcroft and Gault (CG), Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), Chronic Kidney Disease-epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI), and FAS equation. Student t-test was used for comparison between two groups and One-way ANOVA test was used to find multiple comparison with-in the hypertensive and control group. Pearson’s Univariate correlation followed by multiple linear regression analysis was applied to find independent predictors of eGFR. All data were analyzed using Sigma-Stat. Results: There was significant difference found in the eGFR levels using different equations in hypertensive subjects as compared to healthy subjects (P<0.01). With–in hypertensive subjects and with-in heathy subjects, a significant difference was also reported (both P<0.01). For FAS-based GFR, age was found as independent predictor of eGFR by all FAS equations. eGFR estimated using Cr based equations resulted in significant difference in categorizing number of subjects into CKD v/s non-CKD depending on their eGFR levels. But there was no difference found for the above in serum cystatin C based equations (P=0.26). Conclusion: Present data showed that eGFR derived using all set of equations resulted in variable eGFR levels. But, use of Cr based equations instead of Cys-C or combine Cr-Cys based equations resulted in wide variation i.e. change in GFR due to change in marker.

Approach to the Patient with Kidney Disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Arici
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Renal Biopsy ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Risk Of Progression

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has diverse presentations that are frequently subclinical early in its course but symptomatic in more advanced stages. Quite commonly, kidney disease is diagnosed as an incidental finding in blood or urine tests. It is therefore crucial to understand how to assess kidney function tests and know the diverse presentations of kidney diseases in clinical practice. Assessment of kidney function mainly comprises three important steps: measuring glomerular filtration rate (GFR), estimation of urine albumin or protein excretion, and urinalysis/sediment examination. Estimating GFR based on a filtration marker (usually serum creatinine) is now widely accepted as the initial test. Several GFR prediction equations that use serum creatinine or other filtration markers along with certain patient characteristics (such as age, gender, and race) are used to estimate GFR, though several limitations must be considered when interpreting their results. Measurement of proteinuria or albuminuria provides insights into etiology (glomerular versus other parenchymal kidney diseases) and an assessment of risk of progression (ie, greater proteinuria, higher risk of progression). A complete examination of urine should be performed in all kidney patients. Urinalysis/sediment examination provides important information for both differential diagnosis of acute kidney disease (AKD) and CKD and clues for underlying etiologies of kidney disease. Several serologic tests and selected imaging studies complement the assessment of kidney diseases. Renal biopsy is occasionally required to specify the exact diagnosis and direct the treatment. All these investigations should be performed to determine the duration of kidney disease (ie, acute or chronic), designate the specific etiology, assess the risk for progression, and evaluate the presence of complications. Recently, several risk stratification scores or prediction models were developed for early diagnosis or predicting prognosis of acute kidney injury or CKD. These risk models may help to decrease the huge burden of kidney diseases on the individual as well as social level. This review contains 1 figure, 11 tables and 29 references Key Words: albumin-creatinine ratio, albuminuria, biomarkers, eGFR, chronic kidney disease, cystatin C, history, imaging, glomerular filtration rate , physical examination, renal biopsy, serum creatinine, urinalysis

scholarly journals Renal functional reserve

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (25) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Praveen Ratanasrimetha ◽  
Miguel Quirich ◽  
Sorot Phisitkul
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Functional Reserve

Serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are the current standard tests tomeasure kidney function. The baseline GFR does not reflect full function of the kidney sincehuman kidneys do not always work at full capacity. Similarly, serum creatinine is not a sensitivemeasure for kidney function or injury. In healthy individuals the GFR physiologically increasesin response to certain stresses or stimuli, such as protein loading.Renal functional reserve (RFR) is defined as the difference between the maximalglomerular filtration rate (generally determined after oral or intravenous protein loading) and thebaseline glomerular filtration rate. The absence of a normal RFR can help identify patients whoare more susceptible to kidney injury. The RFR is also important in patients who develop acutekidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Even though the GFR might return to a baselinelevel, there may be some loss of RFR which can make the patient more susceptible to anotherepisode of kidney injury.Acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease are considered interconnected syndromes;each is a risk factor for the other. There are no current recommendations regarding theperformance of routine determinations of RFR. Physicians should focus on clinical history andphysical examination in patients with a history of prior episodes of acute kidney injury, monitorrenal function, and avoid nephrotoxic insults.

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