scholarly journals Effect of Sodium Bicarbonate and of Roughage on Milk Yield and Milk Composition of Goats and on Rumen Fermentation of Sheep

1982 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hadjipanayiotou
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Rumen Fermentation

Oil palm meal and urea pellet can partially replace soybean meal in the rations of lactating dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Ratchataporn Lunsin ◽  
Suntriporn Duanyai ◽  
Ruangyote Pilajun
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Nutrient Utilisation

Context Several agro-industrial by-products such as oil palm meal could be useful as animal feeds in support of low cost of feed for livestock production. Aims This study investigated the effects of oil palm meal and urea pellet (PMUP) as a protein replacement for soybean meal (SBM) on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen fluid characteristics, milk yield and milk composition in lactating dairy cows. Methods Five multiparous, early to mid-lactation, Holstein-Friesian crossbred dairy cows (75% Holstein-Friesian × 25% Thai Native Bos indicus) were randomly allocated in a 5 × 5 Latin square design to receive PMUP replacement for SBM at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% in concentrate. Key results The results show that roughage, total dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) intakes in the cows fed with 25–75% PMUP were significantly higher than in the cows fed 100% PMUP (P < 0.05), whereas the ether extract (EE) intake of the cows receiving the PMUP was higher than that of the control (P < 0.05). Accordingly, the apparent digestibility, ruminal ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) of cows fed with PMUP replacement of SBM at 25–75% was higher than that in cows fed with 100% PMUP. In addition, milk yield and milk composition were not significantly different among treatments, whereas feed costs per kg milk yield was lowest in cow fed with 100% PMUP (P < 0.05). Conclusions Replacing SBM with PMUP up to 50–100% in concentrate could reduce costs of feed per kg milk yield, but lower feed intake, nutrient utilisation and rumen fermentation were observed in cow fed with 100% PMUP. The use of PMUP from 25–75% replacement of SBM had no significant effects on the feed intake, nutrient utilisation, rumen fermentation and milk production. Therefore, the level of PMUP replacement of SBM in concentrate for lactating dairy cow should not exceed 75%. Implications PMUP could be used as a protein replacement for SBM in concentrate for lactating dairy cows. These findings should be applied further in practical farm condition in order to increase livestock production efficiency.

scholarly journals Effect of Mineral Salt Blocks Containing Sodium Bicarbonate or Selenium on Ruminal pH, Rumen Fermentation and Milk Production and Composition in Crossbred Dairy Cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 322
Author(s):  
Hathaichanok Insoongnern ◽  
Wuttikorn Srakaew ◽  
Tipwadee Prapaiwong ◽  
Napongphot Suphrap ◽  
Saisamorn Potirahong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Mineral Salt ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Post Feeding ◽  
Significant Difference

Ruminal pH is an important physiological parameter that regulates microbe activity; optimizing ruminal pH may improve rumen fermentation and milk production. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or selenium (Se) in mineral salt block (MSB) supplementation on ruminal pH, rumen fermentation, milk yield and composition in Holstein Friesian crossbred dairy cows. Four crossbred dairy cows with an initial weight of 456 ± 6 kg in mid-lactation were assigned at random using a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The experiments were divided into four periods, each lasting 21 days. Each cow was fed a basal diet supplemented with a different type of mineral salt block: a control with no MSB supplementation, and MSB groups with MSB containing NaHCO3 (MSB-Na), MSB containing Se (MSB-Se), and conventional commercial MSB (MSB-Com). MSB-Na contained NaHCO3 (500 g/kg) to prevent acidosis, MSB-Se contained organic Se (15 mg/kg) as an antioxidant, and MSB-Com was a positive control mineral salt block. The results show that there was no significant difference in feed intake between treatments, but there was a significant difference in mineral salt intake between treatments (p < 0.05). Supplementing mineral blocks had no effect on nutrient intake or apparent digestibility (p > 0.05). Ruminal pH was not different between treatments at 0 and 1 h post-feeding, but at 2 and 4 h post-feeding, ruminal pH in cows fed MSB-Na and MSB-Se was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than it was in cows fed MSB-Com and the control. Total volatile fatty acid (VFA), acetic, propionic, butyric, and ammonia nitrogen and blood urea nitrogen were not influenced by mineral blocks supplementation. Milk yield, milk composition and energy-corrected milk (ECM) were not affected by supplementing mineral blocks. However, compared with the control, the somatic cell count (SCC) in the milk was reduced (p < 0.05) by supplementation with the mineral salt block. Based on the results of the experiments, it was concluded that MSB-Na or MSB-Se supplementation improved ruminal pH while having no effect on feed intake, rumen fermentation, milk yield, or composition, though it did reduce SCC in milk. However, additional research should be conducted to investigate the effect of MSB on rumen ecology and milk production in dairy cows fed a high-concentrate diet.

scholarly journals Influence of feeding a rapidly rumen degraded dietary protein at night or with a basal mixed ration on performance of dairy cows

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Moshtaghi Nia ◽  
J. R. Ingalls ◽  
P. H. Robinson ◽  
M. Gill ◽  
J. J. Kennelly
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Time Of Feeding

Twelve multiparous and ten primiparous cows in late lactation were used in a 16-wk study to determine the influence of feeding times of a protein supplement (PS) on dry matter (DM) intake, ruminal fermentation, milk yield and milk composition. One mixed ration consisting of 50% whole crop oat silage, 10% alfalfa silage and 40% grain concentrate was offered twice daily with two-thirds at 08:00 h and the remainder at 18:00 h. In addition, a PS was offered in one meal per day at either 08:30 h or 00:30 h at an amount equal to 12% of the mixed ration DM intake. Half of the cows were assigned to each of the two dietary treatments which were designated as DAY (08:30 h) or NIGHT (00:30 h). Eight cows in the production study, previously fitted with large-diameter rumen cannula, were used to study treatment effects on rumen fermentation and ruminal in situ nutrient disappearance. Rate of passage of PS was measured using chromium-mordanted PS. Time of feeding PS had no effect on DM intake or body weight. Milk yield and milk composition were not influenced by treatment. Treatment had no effect on in situ DM and crude protein disappearance or ruminal rate of passage of PS. Concentrations of all VFA were not influenced by treatments. All measured volatile fatty acid concentrations were higher during the period of 01:00–06:00 h for cows fed the PS at night. Results indicate that timing of feeding a PS can alter ruminal fermentation characteristic without influencing animal performance. Key words: Protein supplement, feeding times, dairy cows, milk yield, rumen fermentation

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