scholarly journals Influence of feeding a rapidly rumen degraded dietary protein at night or with a basal mixed ration on performance of dairy cows

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Moshtaghi Nia ◽  
J. R. Ingalls ◽  
P. H. Robinson ◽  
M. Gill ◽  
J. J. Kennelly
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Time Of Feeding

Twelve multiparous and ten primiparous cows in late lactation were used in a 16-wk study to determine the influence of feeding times of a protein supplement (PS) on dry matter (DM) intake, ruminal fermentation, milk yield and milk composition. One mixed ration consisting of 50% whole crop oat silage, 10% alfalfa silage and 40% grain concentrate was offered twice daily with two-thirds at 08:00 h and the remainder at 18:00 h. In addition, a PS was offered in one meal per day at either 08:30 h or 00:30 h at an amount equal to 12% of the mixed ration DM intake. Half of the cows were assigned to each of the two dietary treatments which were designated as DAY (08:30 h) or NIGHT (00:30 h). Eight cows in the production study, previously fitted with large-diameter rumen cannula, were used to study treatment effects on rumen fermentation and ruminal in situ nutrient disappearance. Rate of passage of PS was measured using chromium-mordanted PS. Time of feeding PS had no effect on DM intake or body weight. Milk yield and milk composition were not influenced by treatment. Treatment had no effect on in situ DM and crude protein disappearance or ruminal rate of passage of PS. Concentrations of all VFA were not influenced by treatments. All measured volatile fatty acid concentrations were higher during the period of 01:00–06:00 h for cows fed the PS at night. Results indicate that timing of feeding a PS can alter ruminal fermentation characteristic without influencing animal performance. Key words: Protein supplement, feeding times, dairy cows, milk yield, rumen fermentation

Oil palm meal and urea pellet can partially replace soybean meal in the rations of lactating dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Ratchataporn Lunsin ◽  
Suntriporn Duanyai ◽  
Ruangyote Pilajun
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Nutrient Utilisation

Context Several agro-industrial by-products such as oil palm meal could be useful as animal feeds in support of low cost of feed for livestock production. Aims This study investigated the effects of oil palm meal and urea pellet (PMUP) as a protein replacement for soybean meal (SBM) on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen fluid characteristics, milk yield and milk composition in lactating dairy cows. Methods Five multiparous, early to mid-lactation, Holstein-Friesian crossbred dairy cows (75% Holstein-Friesian × 25% Thai Native Bos indicus) were randomly allocated in a 5 × 5 Latin square design to receive PMUP replacement for SBM at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% in concentrate. Key results The results show that roughage, total dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) intakes in the cows fed with 25–75% PMUP were significantly higher than in the cows fed 100% PMUP (P < 0.05), whereas the ether extract (EE) intake of the cows receiving the PMUP was higher than that of the control (P < 0.05). Accordingly, the apparent digestibility, ruminal ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) of cows fed with PMUP replacement of SBM at 25–75% was higher than that in cows fed with 100% PMUP. In addition, milk yield and milk composition were not significantly different among treatments, whereas feed costs per kg milk yield was lowest in cow fed with 100% PMUP (P < 0.05). Conclusions Replacing SBM with PMUP up to 50–100% in concentrate could reduce costs of feed per kg milk yield, but lower feed intake, nutrient utilisation and rumen fermentation were observed in cow fed with 100% PMUP. The use of PMUP from 25–75% replacement of SBM had no significant effects on the feed intake, nutrient utilisation, rumen fermentation and milk production. Therefore, the level of PMUP replacement of SBM in concentrate for lactating dairy cow should not exceed 75%. Implications PMUP could be used as a protein replacement for SBM in concentrate for lactating dairy cows. These findings should be applied further in practical farm condition in order to increase livestock production efficiency.

scholarly journals Effect of supplementation of rumen protected choline and methionine on milk yield and composition of early lactating dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayaraj Neelima ◽  
Purushothaman Sajith ◽  
K. Ally ◽  
Ananth Deepa ◽  
Simon Shibu
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Dietary Treatments

An experiment was conducted on early lactating dairy cows to study the effect of rumen protected choline (RPC) and methionine (RPM) on milk yield and composition. Fifteen crossbred dairy cows in early lactation (within 10 days of calving) were selected and randomly allotted to any one of the following three dietary treatments, T1 (Control)- with compound feed mixture containing CP- 20% and TDN- 68% , T2- T1+20g RPM and 20g RPC, T3- with compound fed mixture containing CP- 17%, TDN- 68% + 20g RPM and 20g RPC. All the experimental animals were fed as per ICAR feeding standards (ICAR, 2013). Results revealed no significant difference (p>0.05) in milk yield and 4 per cent fat corrected milk (FCM) yield between the three treatment groups. Among the milk constituents, animals in T3 had significantly higher milk fat (p<0.05), SNF (p<0.05), protein (p<0.05) and total solids (p<0.01) compared to those in T1 and T2. Milk urea nitrogen levels did not differ significantly among the three treatments and were within the normal range. The study showed that milk composition could be effectively improved by supplementing feed with rumen protected forms of choline and methionine in combination at lower dietary protein level without any reduction in milk yield.

Corrigendum to: The use of energy-protein supplement increases performance of high-yielding dairy cows and improves health-promoting properties of milk

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1766
Author(s):  
Anna Malgorzata Brzozowska ◽  
Piotr Micek ◽  
Beata Kuczynska ◽  
Marek Lukaszewicz ◽  
Jolanta M. Oprzadek
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Flax Seeds ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

Lipid additives are of particular importance in the diet of high-yielding dairy cows. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a specially designed energy-protein supplement on dairy cows' performance and milk composition. The experiment was conducted on 24 Polish Holstein-Friesian cows fed total mixed ration. Two kilograms of energy-protein supplement/cow.day were added to the ration for one group of cows whereas the other was fed solely the total mixed ration. The supplement consisted of whole flax seeds, wheat bran, flaxseed and fish oils, and rapeseed cake and its composition is protected by a patent. Feed intake and daily milk yield were recorded automatically for each cow. Gross milk composition and fatty acid profile of milk were determined. An ANOVA was performed to determine the influence of the supplement on performance traits and milk composition. Energy-protein supplement had a positive impact on dry matter intake and milk yield of cows. It had a little effect on the gross milk composition and somatic cell count. The effect of the additive on fatty acids in milk was beneficial, therefore its use in high-yielding dairy cows nutrition is recommended to improve health-promoting properties of milk.

The use of energy-protein supplement increases performance of high-yielding dairy cows and improves health-promoting properties of milk

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Malgorzata Brzozowska ◽  
Piotr Micek ◽  
Beata Kuczynska ◽  
Marek Lukaszewicz ◽  
Jolanta M. Oprzadek
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Flax Seeds ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

Lipid additives are of particular importance in the diet of high-yielding dairy cows. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a specially designed energy-protein supplement on dairy cows’ performance and milk composition. The experiment was conducted on 24 Polish Holstein-Friesian cows fed total mixed ration. Two kilograms of energy-protein supplement/cow.day were added to the ration for one group of cows whereas the other was fed solely the total mixed ration. The supplement consisted of whole flax seeds, wheat bran, flaxseed and fish oils, and rapeseed cake and its composition is protected by a patent. Feed intake and daily milk yield were recorded automatically for each cow. Gross milk composition and fatty acid profile of milk were determined. An ANOVA was performed to determine the influence of the supplement on performance traits and milk composition. Energy-protein supplement had a positive impact on dry matter intake and milk yield of cows. It had a little effect on the gross milk composition and somatic cell count. The effect of the additive on fatty acids in milk was beneficial, therefore its use in high-yielding dairy cows nutrition is recommended to improve health-promoting properties of milk.

The effect of adding a compound feed to herbage, at the time of ensiling, on intake and milk yield

1995 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
D. Wilman ◽  
S. P. Williams ◽  
T. D. A. Brigstocke ◽  
D. H. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Time Of Feeding ◽  
Daily Milk ◽  
Comprehensive Study

SUMMARYThe idea that the addition of compound feed to grass at ensilage can result in adequate preservation of the crop without the need for an acid additive, and that less compound feed would then need to be given when the silage is subsequently fed, was tested with dairy cows. Two diets were compared: (1) a conventional grass silage, to which acid had been added at the time of ensiling, plus concentrates supplied at the time of feeding, and (2) grass silage, to which a compound feed had been added at the time of ensiling, plus a lower rate of concentrates. Each diet was fed to 12 lactating cows for 82 days.The total intake of dry matter was 17·3 kg per cow per day on diet 1 and 18·3 kg on diet 2. Daily milk yields per cow were 24·5 and 26·1 kg, respectively, with similar milk composition. The estimated diet costs per kg of milk were 9·3 p on (1) and 8·3 p on (2). It is concluded that the addition of compound feed to grass at ensilage is worth considering on dairy farms as an alternative to conventional grass silage, but that a more comprehensive study is needed.

scholarly journals Effect of mycotoxin deactivator product supplementation on dairy cows

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 832 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kiyothong ◽  
P. Rowlinson ◽  
M. Wanapat ◽  
S. Khampa
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A total mixed ration (TMR) containing a blend of feedstuffs naturally contaminated with harmful mycotoxins was fed for 84 days to 24 primiparous and multiparous Holstein–Friesian × local dairy cows in a randomised complete block design. The dietary treatments consisted of a contaminated TMR diet plus various levels of the mycotoxin deactivator product (MDP) (0, 15, 30 or 45 g/head.day). Deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisin B1 (FB1), zearalenone (ZON) and ochratoxin A (OTA) were found in the TMR at levels up to 720, 701, 541 and 501 μg/kg, whereas aflatoxin B1 (AfB1) and T-2 toxin (T-2) were found in the TMR at levels of 38 and 270 μg/kg, respectively. Rumen microbial ecology, ruminal volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations, ruminal microorganism populations, feed intake, total tract digestibility, milk yield, milk composition and serum immunoglobulin (Ig) concentrations were measured. The results revealed that the ruminal pH, ruminal ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) concentration, total ruminal VFA concentrations and ruminal bacterial counts were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in supplemented than in non-supplemented cows. Ruminal protozoal counts were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in supplemented than in non-supplemented cows. DM intake, and digestibility of crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in supplemented than in non-supplemented cows. Serum IgA concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in supplemented than in non-supplemented cows. Milk yield and milk protein were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in supplemented than in non-supplemented cows. On the basis of this experiment, it can be concluded that milk production and feed intake can be increased with the addition of MDP to cow diet in the presence of mycotoxins. These increases were accompanied by decreases in the negative effects of mycotoxins on rumen and immune function.

scholarly journals Feeding ruminally protected methionine to pre- and postpartum dairy cows: effect on milk performance, milk composition and blood parameters

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 395-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kudrna ◽  
J. Illek ◽  
M. Marounek ◽  
A. Nguyen Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Methionine Concentration ◽  
Milk Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatments

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of ruminally protected methionine (Mepron®, Degussa AG, Germany) in dairy cows. Three weeks before calving 36 cows (Holstein and Czech Fleckvieh breeds) were assigned to one of the two dietary treatments (M and O), and received a total mixed ration with protected methionine at 18.2 g per head per day or without this supplement. After calving, both groups were divided into two subgroups and fed a diet for dairy cows based on ensiled feeds and concentrates for 90 days. A half of the cows received protected methionine (subgroups MM and OM), the other cows were fed the same diet without protected methionine (subgroups MO and OO). Milk yield in cows fed protected methionine for the whole experiment duration (cows MM) was higher and feed intake was lower than in cows of the other groups. The effect of protected methionine on milk yield was not, however, statistically significant (<I>P</I> > 0.05). Effects of protected methionine on milk fat and protein were small and inconsistent. Supplemental methionine significantly increased the methionine concentration in serum (<I>P</I> < 0.05) while the methionine concentration in milk was not increased quite significantly (<I>P</I> < 0.10). Concentrations of essential amino acids in milk were significantly or marginally significantly higher in cows fed protected methionine. In summary, the supplementation of ruminally protected methionine at 18.2 g per head per day had beneficial, but small and mostly statistically insignificant effects on milk performance and milk composition.

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