scholarly journals The Lost Glory of Urdu Medium Schools: A Socio-Academic Survey on White Collar Parents' Perceptions about English Medium Schools' Superiority

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (I) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saleem ◽  
Mubashar Nadeem ◽  
Muhammad Amjad Abid

This article descriptively unfolds the socio-academic perceptions of white-collar parents about the superiority of English medium over Urdu medium schools. An opinionnaire containing twenty-five opinion items was administered to fifty parents who send their wards to popularly known as English medium schools. The results of the study show that the majority of parents are fearful about the socio- academic or professional future of the children if sent to Urdu medium schools, which are either in the public sector or known as Galli/mohallah schools having eye-catching names. The study unfolds that a majority of parents themselves studied at Urdu medium schools, which, according to them, were once capable of catering to the multi-faceted needs of the students. Hence, the study invites the attention of the policymakers to address the issue and try to bring back the lost glory of the Urdu medium/public sector schools, which may guarantee the socio-economic future of students.

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A50.2-A51
Author(s):  
Joana Amaro ◽  
Teresa Monjardino ◽  
Raquel Lucas ◽  
Mònica Ubalde-Lopez ◽  
Henrique Barros

IntroductionMultimorbidity potentiates a spectrum of adverse health outcomes that surpass those of individual diseases. However, little is known on disease aggregation related to occupational exposures.ObjectiveTo assess the impact of life course occupational experience on health problem aggregation.MethodsWe evaluated 4330 adult women at the 10-year-old follow-up wave of the population-based birth cohort Generation XXI, using a self-administered version of the Labour Force Survey item inquiring whether they had ever had a ‘physical or mental health problem that was caused or made worse by your current work or any previous work’ with 11 close-ended and one open-ended response options. Disease aggregation was assessed using principal components (PC) analysis and component scores were summarized by sociodemographic, anthropometric and work-related characteristics.ResultsWe identified five components to describe disease aggregation which accounted for 54.7% of observed variance. PC1 gathered all items on musculoskeletal disorders (back, upper and lower limb); participants with lower educational level, higher BMI, blue-collar jobs, working in the private sector, and with a history of occupational accidents scored higher in this component. PC2 gathered the item on mental disorders (including anxiety and depression) together with headache and/or eyestrain, and showed higher scores among women with higher educational level, white-collar jobs, and in the public sector. PC3 included the item on other disorders (comprising neurological, endocrine, autoimmune and voice-related) with some loading from digestive and hearing disorders, and showed higher scores in older and blue-collar workers. PC4 grouped respiratory with infectious diseases; it associated with working in the public sector and reporting work-related accident history. PC5 was composed by circulatory system conditions and associated with former smoking, higher BMI, and white-collar jobs.ConclusionWork-related diseases aggregated in five distinct components, supporting the need for a shift from a disease-by-disease approach towards a worker-centered approach.


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