Tax administration in the state audit system

Introduction. In modern conditions of a difficult economic situation, tax institutions are the most important lever of the public administration system, responsible for the implementation of the revenue side of the state budget, which is behind the welfare of millions of Kazakhstanis. In this regard, the role of the audit of the efficiency of tax administration is increasing, as regulated by the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan «On STATE audit and financial control». However, this direction is quite new and requires further improvement.Purpose of the research. The purpose of the article is to generalize and systematize theoretical approaches to the essence of tax administration, analyze domestic and foreign practice of its organization in the system of state audit and develop recommendations for improving efficiency.Research methods. The study was based on systems analysis, solving specific problems was achieved using comparative, statistical and graphical analysis, using ranking, grouping methods and modeling fundamentals.Results. The efficiency of the work of tax authorities, the completeness of collection of tax payments and, ultimately, the financial stability of the state depend on the efficiency of the organization of tax administration. In this regard, the mechanism of tax administration should be built rationally and consistently. Conducting a state audit of tax administration is a mandatory element of ensuring the completeness and transparency of budget revenues and the efficiency of using funds for administration.Perspectives. Based on the study of foreign experience in administration within the framework of governmental audit and the current state of digitalization of the economy, there is a need to refine indicators for assessing the effectiveness of the tax authorities, as well as to develop and implement the necessary electronic services.

Development of internal control and audit in Ukraine

Control plays an important role in ensuring the efficient use of funds, both public and business sectors of the economy. The purpose of the article is to consider the role of the State Audit Service of Ukraine in the implementation of financial state control. The study is based on the analysis of reports of the State Audit office of Ukraine on the results of state financial audits of health care institutions, which last took place in 2019. The analysis of the reports of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine allowed to establish the effectiveness of the state financial audit at the national level during last three years. The article provides answers to the following questions: i) what tasks are performed by the State Audit office of Ukraine; ii) features of external and internal audit of public sector entities in Ukraine; iii) the effectiveness of internal audit at the national level on the basis of state financial audits; iv) problematic issues of internal audit development on the example of health care institutions; v) the main directions of development of the state internal audit in Ukraine.

effectiveness of measures aimed at improving the skills of employees of the state financial control

The article discusses the problems and prospects of professional development of civil servants in the field of internal and external state financial control. The relevance of the research problem is due to the active development of legislation in the field of control and supervisory activities, which leads to increased requirements for state auditors. Since Federal Law No. 79-FL of 27.07.2004 "On the State Civil Service" and the Decrees of the President of Russia adopted in addition to it establish a minimum list of requirements for the qualifications of employees. In practice, the control bodies proceed from a fairly broad interpretation of the qualifications and competence of auditors, which negatively affects the quality of their activities. According to the results of the study, the concept of professional competence of the state auditor was formulated, which should be fixed in the industry legislation, and the Federal Professional Standard of Higher Education in the field of state audit was also studied, in accordance with which employee retraining programs should be brought in order. The material of the article is based on the current legislative framework and taking into account the latest trends in the training of employees of state financial control bodies.

The Structure of State Auditor Functions in the Fight Against Corruption

In this study, we examine the structure of the state auditor or equivalent function to determine the relationship with federal corruption convictions. Specifically, we explore whether differences in the responsibilities for (1) financial statement audits of state or local governments (i.e., state audit function vs. private-sector auditor) and (2) fraud investigations through whistleblower programs within states are associated with federal corruption prosecutions within the state. We find that states’ efforts in the fight against corruption appear to be more effective where state audit functions are responsible for both financial statement audits and fraud investigations. We interpret our results as support for deterrence benefits achievable through state auditor functions’ active involvement in financial statement audits and fraud investigations.

Completion of the Law on State Audit in Vietnam

The Law on State Audit plays a particularly important role in the organization and operation of the State Audit Office. The author analyzes the role of this law in determining the legal status of the institution as an independent constitutional agency. The Law on State Audit defines the functions, tasks, powers and legal validity of the audit reports, the audited entities, the operation principles, the prohibited activities and the organizational system of this agency. On the basis of analyzing the provisions of Vietnam’s and foreign laws on the organization and operation of the State Audit Office, the author suggests some recommendations to complete the Law on State Audit so as to enhance the function and operation of this institutional organization.

State Decoupling Audit of Low-Carbon Agricultural Production

It is stated that the strategic benchmark for transformational changes in the economy is currently low-carbon production, the achievement of which is possible to provide with the consistent application of an arsenal of strict control measures, in particular, the introduction of state audit of low-carbon production. The effectiveness of the mechanism for ensuring the implementation of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change has been assessed. The necessity of implementation in the domestic practice of the state audit of low-carbon production by the decoupling approach is proved. The agri-business portfolio has been formed according to the decoupling approach as one of the leaders in greenhouse gas pollution. The author's economic and mathematical models of estimation according to the decoupling approach of the impact of branches of crop and livestock production on environmental pollution are proposed. The dependence of greenhouse gas emissions on the volume of gross output of agricultural production, capital investment and current expenditures on environmental protection has been established. The results of a comparative analysis of the realism of forecasts of changes in greenhouse gas emissions according to the methodology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the author's methodology are highlighted. A roadmap for the introduction of a state low-carbon decoupling audit of the state decoupling audit has been proposed as part of the preparation of the second nationally determined contribution to the Paris Agreement. The expediency of supplementing GRI 300 “Environmental Disclosures” with the group of indicators GRI-305.5 “Reduction of GHG emissions”, formed by the decoupling approach, is substantiated.

Regarding the improvement of the scientific and methodological framework of forensic economic analysis of budget funds (Review article)

The relevance of issues associated with spending budget funds in forensic expert practice has been substantiated. According to the authors, certain peculiarities of conducting researches on budget transactions lead de facto to the formation of a particular subtype of forensic economic analysis. It is mentioned that consideration of issues related to misuse of budget funds by forensic experts is only allowed in the presence of tax inspection report of the Units of Ukraine State Audit Service. It is proved that budget funds which their holder transfers to accounts of work executors, lose the status of budget. The emphasis is on the need to update the algorithm for conducting forensic economic analyses in the use of budget funds.

Improving the activities of the audit commission in the state audit system in the Republic of Kazakhstan

This article analyzes the activities of the audit commission in the system of state audit in the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan in modern conditions. Issues of effective management of budgetary funds and strengthening of financial and executive discipline, as well as the importance and necessity of conducting joint or parallel control measures by external state control bodies have been investigated. The author studied the issues of the effectiveness of the use of funds allocated from the republican budget. The organization of the effective activity of the Audit Commission, first of all, depends on the correct formation of long-term goals, as well as strategic priorities. The introduction of long-term planning is associated with the desire of the Audit Commission to fulfill its mission with the maximum benefit for the state and publicity. Long-term planning is aimed at ensuring the further development of governmental audit and financial control in accordance with the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On State Audit and Financial Control”, as well as new concepts of budgetary policy. State audit in the Republic of Kazakhstan. With the gradual integration into the world community, there is a growing need to increase the competitiveness of government agencies. To protect regional interests, it is necessary to effectively manage local budgets, strengthen financial and executive discipline. Increasing the accountability of the state apparatus to the public for decisions made in the budgetary sphere will lead to the transformation of state financial control into an institution of state audit, which will make it possible to assess the existing economic mechanisms and promptly develop recommendations for the effective use of state financial control.

DISTINCTIVE FEATURES OF ORGANIZATION OF STATE AUDIT TYPES

At the current stage of the global development of inter-economic relations in the economy, Kazakhstan urgently needs to improve the mechanisms of influence of states on socio-economic issues. The introduction of state audit that meets international standards and includes an audit of financial statements, compliance and efficiency is also included in the Concept of a new budgetary policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The current model of government audit in Kazakhstan began in 2015 with the adoption of the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "About State Audit and Financial Control". In the studies carried out, many problematic issues of government audit are considered in depth: ways of introducing modern forms and types of audit and control, such as strategic audit, audit of the effectiveness of the use of budget funds, assessment of strategic plans of government agencies and the activities of the quasipublic sector and their impact on economic development. In general, state audit is seen as a holistic and independent assessment of the effectiveness of audit objects, covering not only financial issues, but also all areas of their activities with the presentation of effective recommendations based on identified deficiencies and proposals for risk management. This article discusses the theoretical foundations, models and types of governmental audit in the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as the possibility of applying international experience in the development of the Kazakhstani model of governmental audit.