The fate of the compressed deformed spinal cord after decompressive surgery: MR imaging and histopathological findings in experimental studies

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. E7
Author(s):  
Hisato Tanaka ◽  
Kensei Nagata ◽  
Akio Inoue ◽  
Mitsuaki Yoshizuka
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Decompressive Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Histopathological Studies

The authors conducted a study in which they applied the spinal cord compression-decompression model in rabbits to investigate the morphological changes and histopathological findings in the deformed spinal cord over a long-term period after performing decompressive surgery. Throughout the experimental period, mangnetic resonance (MR) images were obtained frequently; after obtaining a final MR image, the spinal cord was dissected and underwent histological examination. Immediately after decompressive surgery, axial T1-wieighted MR imaging revealed an increase in the cross-sectional area of the spinal cord during the 1st and 2nd weeks. The spinal cord area achieved a peak at an average of 5.9 weeks after decompressive surgery, when it displayed isointensity on T1- and high-intensity on T2-weighted images. The main histological findings were spongy changes in the white matter, which persisted for 4 months postsurgery. There was a significant correlation between the presurgical spinal cord area and the postsurgical decreased number of motor neuron cells. Based on the MR imaging and histopathological studies, although the deformed spinal cord that underwent compression for 3 months was immediately restored morphologically after decompressive surgery, the change in quality in the spinal cord persisted at least 4 months.

scholarly journals Who are the Best Candidates for Decompressive Surgery and Spine Stabilization in Patients With Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression?

Spine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (18) ◽  
pp. 1469-1476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingxing Lei ◽  
Jianjie Li ◽  
Yaosheng Liu ◽  
Weigang Jiang ◽  
Shubin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Decompressive Surgery ◽  
Spine Stabilization

The use of flexion-extension magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating signal intensity changes of the cervical spinal cord

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kern H. Guppy ◽  
Mark Hawk ◽  
Indro Chakrabarti ◽  
Amit Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Dynamic Mr

The authors present 2 cases involving patients who presented with myelopathy. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine showed spinal cord signal changes on T2-weighted images without any spinal cord compression. Flexion-extension plain radiographs of the spine showed no instability. Dynamic MR imaging of the cervical spine, however, showed spinal cord compression on extension. Compression of the spinal cord was caused by dynamic anulus bulging and ligamentum flavum buckling. This report emphasizes the need for dynamic MR imaging of the cervical spine for evaluating spinal cord changes on neutral position MR imaging before further workup for other causes such as demyelinating disease.

A remotely controlled model of spinal cord compression injury in mice: toward real-time analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Kouyoumdjian ◽  
Nicolas Lonjon ◽  
Monica Prieto ◽  
Henri Haton ◽  
Alain Privat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Compression Injury

Object To date, there has been no efficient therapeutic approach to spinal cord injuries (SCIs). This may be attributable, at least in part, to difficulties in forming predictive and accurate experimental animal models. The authors' previous studies have identified 2 relevant conditions of such a model. The first condition is the ability to compare data derived from rat models of SCI by developing mouse models of SCI that permit access to a large range of transgenic models. The second condition is that the exploration of the consequences of each mechanism of spinal trauma requires modeling the different etiologic aspects of the injury. Methods To fulfill these 2 conditions a new model of mouse spinal cord compression injury was devised using a thread-driven olive-shaped compressive device. The authors characterized early motor, sensory, and histological outcomes using 3 olive diameters and different compression durations. Results A gradual and reproducible functional severity that correlated with lesion extension was demonstrated in 76 mice. To further substantiate the characterization of this model, a noncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist was administered in 30 mice, which demonstrated the involvement of excitotoxicity in this model. Conclusions The study demonstrated that spinal olive-compression injury in the mouse is a reproducible, well-characterized, and predictable model for analyzing early events after SCI. The nonmagnetic and remotely controlled design of this model will allow completion of the lesion while the animal is in the MR imaging apparatus, thus permitting further real-time MR imaging studies that will provide insights into the characterization of early events in the spatial and temporal evolution of SCI. Moreover, this model lays the foundation for future in vivo studies of functional and histological outcomes following SCI in genetically engineered animals.

Safety of intramedullary Schwann cell transplantation for postrehabilitation spinal cord injuries: 2-year follow-up of 33 cases

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hooshang Saberi ◽  
Masoumeh Firouzi ◽  
Zohreh Habibi ◽  
Pouria Moshayedi ◽  
Hamid Reza Aghayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Imaging Studies

Object Many experimental studies on spinal cord injuries (SCIs) support behavioral improvement after Schwann cell treatment. This study was conducted to evaluate safety issues 2 years after intramedullary Schwann cell transplantation in 33 consecutively selected patients with SCI. Methods Of 356 patients with SCIs who had completed at least 6 months of a conventional rehabilitation program and who were screened for the study criteria, 33 were enrolled. After giving their informed consent, they volunteered for participation. They underwent sural nerve harvesting and intramedullary injection of a processed Schwann cell solution. Outcome assessments included a general health questionnaire, neurological examination, and functional recordings in terms of American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) and Functional Independence Measure scoring, which were documented by independent observers. There were 24 patients with thoracic and 9 with cervical injuries. Sixteen patients were categorized in ASIA Grade A, and the 17 remaining participants had ASIA Grade B. Results There were no cases of deep infection, and the follow-up MR imaging studies obtained at 2 years did not reveal any deformity related to the procedure. There was no case of permanent neurological worsening or any infectious or viral complications. No new increment in syrinx size or abnormal tissue and/or tumor formation were observed on contrast-enhanced MR imaging studies performed 2 years after the treatment. Conclusions Preliminary results, especially in terms of safety, seem to be promising, paving the way for future cell therapy trials.

Feasibility of salvage decompressive surgery for pending paralysis due to metastatic spinal cord compression

2021 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 106509
Author(s):  
Alexander Younsi ◽  
Lennart Riemann ◽  
Basem Ishak ◽  
Moritz Scherer ◽  
Andreas W. Unterberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Decompressive Surgery
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