Variations in location of the arteries coursing between the brain stem and the free edge of the tentorium

1992 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 973-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuil M. Blinkov ◽  
Gabib A. Gabibov ◽  
Sergei V. Tanyashin
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Posterior Cerebral Artery ◽  
Free Edge ◽  
Superior Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Brain Herniation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The locations of arterial branches crossing the free edge of the tentorium were studied in 16 adult cadavers. Two positional variants of the superior cerebellar artery and four variants of the posterior cerebral artery were identified. The points at risk of compression by different types of transtentorial brain herniation were defined for both the arterial branches supplying the brain stem and the arterial branches supplying the cerebral hemispheres.

Complications of intracranial bypass for vertebrobasilar insufficiency

1989 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo N. Hopkins ◽  
James L. Budny
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Cerebral Artery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Superior Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency ◽  
Initial Experience ◽  
Conservative Approach ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors' initial experience with intracranial revascularization of vertebrobasilar insufficiency, reported previously, fortunately yielded reasonably good results with high patency rates but in some cases there were significant, albeit temporary, complications. Since that time, major brain-stem strokes have occurred in two patients following superficial temporal to superior cerebellar artery bypass procedures. This occurrence has caused the authors to reassess their experience with this procedure and review the published literature with regard to complications. This review and the results of the international bypass study on anterior circulation ischemia suggest that a very cautious and conservative approach should be taken prior to considering intracranial bypass to the superior cerebellar or posterior cerebral artery.

Giant aneurysm arising from a single arteriovenous fistula in a child

1984 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1085-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Carrillo ◽  
Luis Miguel Carreira ◽  
José Prada ◽  
Cesareo Rosas ◽  
Guillermo Egas
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Posterior Cerebral Artery ◽  
Giant Aneurysm ◽  
Vein Of Galen ◽  
Feeding Artery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A case is presented of a child with an arteriovenous fistula and a giant aneurysm located beside the brain stem under the right temporal lobe. It was successfully treated by clipping its feeding artery, a branch of the right posterior cerebral artery. The similarities to, and the differences from, aneurysms of the vein of Galen are discussed.

Measurements of brain-stem auditory evoked potentials in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

1984 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 548-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christianto B. Lumenta
Keyword(s):  
Glasgow Coma Scale ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Brain-stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP's) were recorded in 19 patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. More than half of the patients were deeply comatose. There was no correlation between BAEP changes and different types of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage or between BAEP's and coma grading by the Glasgow Coma Scale. However, BAEP's were a significant prognostic aid in these cases and useful in indicating the level of the brain-stem lesion.

Arteriovenous malformations in the posterior fossa

1977 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Matsumura ◽  
Yasumasa Makita ◽  
Kuniyuki Someda ◽  
Akinori Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ We have operated on 12 of 14 cases of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in the posterior fossa since 1968, with one death. The lesions were in the cerebellum in 10 cases (three anteromedial, one central, three lateral, and three posteromedial), and in the cerebellopontine angle in two; in two cases the lesions were directly related to the brain stem. The AVM's in the anterior part of the cerebellum were operated on through a transtentorial occipital approach.

Cervical spinal cord in experimental hydrocephalus

1972 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 538-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
George J. Dohrmann
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Canal ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Experimental Hydrocephalus ◽  
Physiological Pressure ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Shunting Procedure ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Adult dogs were rendered hydrocephalic by the injection of kaolin into the cisterna magna. One group of dogs was sacrificed 1 month after kaolin administration, and ventriculojugular shunts were performed on the other group. Hydrocephalic dogs with shunts were sacrificed 1 day or 1 week after the shunting procedure. All dogs were perfused with formalin at physiological pressure, and the brain stem and cervical spinal cord were examined by light microscopy. Subarachnoid granulomata encompassed the superior cervical spinal cord and dependent surface of the brain stem. Rarefaction of the posterior white columns and clefts or cavities involving the gray matter posterior to the central canal and/or posterior white columns were present in the spinal cords of both hydrocephalic and shunted hydrocephalic dogs. Predominantly in the dogs with shunts, hemorrhages were noted in the spinal cord in association with the clefts or cavities. A mechanism of ischemia followed by reflow of blood is postulated to explain the hemorrhages in the spinal cords of hydrocephalic dogs with shunts.

Cerebral cysticercosis with aqueductal obstruction

1980 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tung Pui Poon ◽  
Edward J. Arida ◽  
Wolodymyr P. Tyschenko
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Neurological Signs ◽  
Cerebral Cysticercosis ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors report a case of cerebral cysticercosis which presented with generalized nonspecific neurological signs and symptoms attributed to acute aqueductal obstruction, with concomitant intracranial hypertension. These were characteristic intracranial calcifications along with angiographically demonstrated signs of hydrocephalus. Contrast encephalography clearly demonstrated aqueductal obstruction. Pathologically, the aqueductal obstruction was shown to be due to parasitic invasion of the brain stem with compression of the aqueduct. The presence of typical intracranial calcification in conjunction with either obstructive or normal-pressure hydrocephalus should alert the observer to the possibility of cerebral cysticercosis.

Odontoid compression of the brain stem in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis

1980 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 841-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold P. Smith ◽  
Venkata R. Challa ◽  
Eben Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Direct Compression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Vertical Subluxation ◽  
Progressive Neurological Deficit ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Cervical spine involvement by rheumatoid arthritis is common; brain-stem compression secondary to vertical subluxation of the odontoid in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is rare. Vertical subluxation results from 1) destruction of the transverse atlantal, apical, and alar ligaments of the atlas and odontoid, and 2) bone resorption in the occipital condyles, lateral masses of the atlas, and basilar processes of the skull. Neurological symptoms result from direct compression of the brain stem or from ischemia secondary to compression of vertebral arteries, anterior spinal arteries, or small perforating arteries of the brain stem and spinal cord. A case is reported in which a slowly progressive neurological deficit developed in a woman with rheumatoid arthritis following a fall from a stretcher. Neurological symptoms represented direct compression of the medulla by the dens, a mechanism confirmed at operation and autopsy. Recognition of progressive neurological deficit is often difficult in patients with rheumatoid arthritis because of their inactivity and their atrophic and immobile joints, but is essential if appropriate decompressive or stabilizing procedures are to be done. In patients with vertical subluxation of the dens, the transoral approach with removal of the odontoid is recommended. Decompression should be extensive, including the fibrous capsule around the odontoid and overlying synovial tissue as well as the odontoid itself.

Traumatic false aneurysm of the superior cerebellar artery simulating posterior fossa tumor

1977 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Howard Cockrill ◽  
John P. Jimenez ◽  
John A. Goree
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
False Aneurysm ◽  
Superior Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Brain Scan ◽  
The Right ◽  
Angiographic Findings ◽  
Fine Print

✓ An example of traumatic false aneurysm of the right superior cerebellar artery is described. The chronicity of the clinical picture and a positive brain scan strongly suggested a posterior fossa neoplasm; however, the angiographic findings permitted a specific diagnosis to be made.

Vascular malformations of the brain stem

1989 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 847-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Chyatte
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Vascular Malformation ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Complete Obliteration ◽  
Time Of Presentation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Vascular malformations of the brain stem are unusual lesions that may pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Seven patients with vascular malformations involving the brain stem were evaluated; six were treated surgically, with complete obliteration of the lesion in five patients. In five patients symptoms developed only after a hemorrhage had occurred, and three of these suffered a rebleed before appropriate treatment was given. Angiography failed to demonstrate lesions in three cases, which did not appear to protect from repeat hemorrhage since two of the three rebled. There were no operative deaths, and no patients were made permanently worse after surgery. Useful recovery occurred commonly after appropriate treatment and appeared to be possible even in patients who had suffered a catastrophic neurological deficit at the time of presentation. These data indicate that surgical removal of the lesion may be warranted in some patients with symptomatic brain-stem vascular malformation.

Primary carcinoma of the pituitary with metastasis to the brain stem

1972 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 781-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan S. Fleischer ◽  
Thomas Reagan ◽  
Joseph Ransohoff
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Primary Carcinoma ◽  
Microscopic Appearance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A case of primary carcinoma of the pituitary with metastasis to the brain stem is presented. Although both tumors had the microscopic appearance of benign adenomas, the infiltrative characteristics necessitated the diagnosis of carcinoma.

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