scholarly journals Hemodialysis Duration with Levels of Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, Serum Iron and Total Iron Binding Capacity on Chronic Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
Supriati Wila Djami ◽  
Marni Tangkelangi
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Total Iron Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

The correlation of the length of time undergoing hemodialysis with the levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum iron and total iron binding capacity in patients with chronic kidney disease at RSUD Prof. Dr. W. Z. Johannes Kupang. People with chronic kidney disease who are performing Hemodialysis suffer from anemia. Blood loss during the hemodialysis process is affected by frequent blood sampling for laboratory tests. To diagnose the occurrence of iron deficiency, anemia laboratory tests such as complete blood, serum iron (SI), TIBC, transferrin saturation, and serum ferritin can be conducted. The objective of this study is to determine the correlation between the length of undergoing Hemodialysis with the levels of Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, Serum Iron, and Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) in patients with chronic kidney disease in RSUD Prof. Dr.W. Z Johannes Kupang. This study employed an anon-reactive research design or unobtrusive research based on secondary data derived from medical record records at RSUD Prof. Dr.W. Johannes in August - September 2019 on 92 hemodialysis patients who met the inclusion criteria. The collected data were calculated with the SPSS application, while the correlation analysis between variables was performed by administering a linear regression analysis test. Ninety-two (92) respondents were obtained by employing the purposive sampling technique. The majority of patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing Hemodialysis were men (57.6%) with ages 39 - 59 years (63.0%), and the majority of patients undergoing Hemodialysis in patients with chronic kidney failure (CKD) were <12 months (41.3%). It was discovered that there was no relationship between the length of Hemodialysis with hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum iron, and total iron-binding capacity levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

scholarly journals Gagal Ginjal Kronik Hemodialisis dengan Kadar Eritropoietin dan Hemoglobin Normal: Laporan Kasus

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulus Amudi ◽  
Stella Palar
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Total Iron Binding Capacity ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

Abstract: Generally, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with anemia due to decrease of erythropoietin that plays an important role in erythropoiesis. We reported a patient, 61-year-old male, suffered from chronic hemodialysis kidney disease with coinfection of viral hepatitis C, albeit, had normal hemoglobin and erythropoietin levels. The patient was diagnosed as CKD in March 2014 with laboratory results, as follows: hemoglobin (Hb) 9.9 g/dl; ureum 223 mg/dl; creatinine 7.5 mg/dl, and was confirmed with ultrasonography. The patient underwent hemodialysis and was treated with erythropoiesis stimulating agent (ESA) for the first time in April 2014. The last ESA was given in June 2015 and the laboratory results were serum iron 61 µg/dl, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) 173 µg/dl, ferritin 1431 ng/ml, and the qualitative anti HCV test was reactive. Afterwards, the patient was not treated with ESA anymore since his Hb level was normal without ESA or blood transfusion. Moreover, the erythropoietin (EPO) level was tested in December 2018 resulted within normal level. Until now, the patient is still undergoing hemodialysis without ESA or transfusion. This is a rare condition, and there is still no certain pathophysiology to explain. It is assumed that the mechanism is related to hepatitis C infection that stimulates the hepatocyte regeneration, therefore, the cells produce endogen erythropoietin resulting in increased Hb level.Keywords: chronic kidney disease (CKD), erythropoietin and hemoglobin level Abstrak: Umumnya penyakit ginjal kronik (PGK) disertai dengan anemia akibat penurunan eritropoietin yang berperan penting dalam proses eritropoiesis. Kami melaporkan kasus seorang laki-laki 61 tahun dengan PGK hemodialisis disertai ko-infeksi hepatitis C namun dengan kadar hemoglobin dan eritropoietin normal. Pasien dinyatakan PGK sejak Maret 2014 dengan kadar hemoglobin (Hb) 9,9 g/dL; ureum 223 mg/dl; kreatinin 7,5 mg/dl, dan didukung oleh hasil ultrasonografi. Pasien diberikan hemodialisis dan terapi ESA pertama kali pada bulan April 2014. Terapi ESA terakhir diberikan pada bulan Juni 2015 dengan hasil serum iron 61 µg/dl, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) 173 µg/dl, feritin 1431 ng/ml, dan anti HCV kualitatif reaktif, Setelah itu pasien tidak mendapat terapi ESA lagi karena pada pemeriksaan laboratorium ditemukan kadar hemoglobin normal tanpa terapi ESA atau transfusi darah. Pemeriksaan kadar eritropoietin (EPO) pada bulan Desember 2018 mendapatkan hasil 16 mIU/ml (nilai normal 2,6-18,5 mIU/ml). Hingga saat ini pasien masih rutin menjalani hemodialisis dan tidak pernah mendapat terapi ESA atau transfusi darah. Keadaan tersebut jarang ditemukan, dan tidak ada patofisologi yang pasti untuk menjelaskan penyebab keadaan tersebut. Mekanisme keadaan ini dikaitkan dengan infeksi hepatitis C yang merangsang regenerasi hepatosit, sehingga sel-sel tersebut menghasilkan hormon ertiropoietin endogen, dengan hasil akhir ialah peningkatan hemoglobin.Kata kunci: penyakit ginjal kronik (PGK), kadar eritropoietin dan hemoglobin

SERUM IRON AND IRON-BINDING CAPACITY OF THE SERUM IN CHILDREN WITH SEVERE MEDITERRANEAN (COOLEY'S) ANEMIA

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 799-807
Author(s):  
CARL H. SMITH ◽  
THOMAS R. C. SISSON ◽  
WILLIAM H. FLOYD ◽  
SHIRLEY SIEGAL
Keyword(s):  
Serum Iron ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Total Iron Binding Capacity ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

The blood of children with severe Mediterranean anemia was found to have a high serum iron and an absence of a latent or unbound iron capacity of the serum. Whereas serum iron levels comprise approximately one third of the total iron-binding capacity in normal children and adults, the two values are equal in the severe form of Mediterranean anemia. The iron-binding capacity of the serum in this condition is therefore fully saturated and quantitatively lower than in normal children. The absence of a measurable latent iron-binding capacity does not depend entirely on the liberation of iron from exogenously administered blood. Comparable changes were also noted in two nonanemic adult carriers possessing the trait of the disease, in two children with the mild form not requiring transfusions, and in one severely anemic child with Mediterranean anemia who had never been transfused. Similar changes occurred in three patients with spherocytic anemia and in five children with sickle cell anemia, one of whom had never been transfused. In every instance therefore of the advanced form of Mediterranean anemia and in some of the nonanemic and mildly anemic forms of this disease, a fully saturated metal-binding protein is present in total amounts usually less than those found in normal children. In contrast, children with iron deficiency anemia manifest a reduction in percentage saturation of iron-binding protein, an increased level of unbound latent iron-binding capacity and a markedly elevated total iron-binding capacity. The failure to demonstrate a latent iron-binding capacity of the serum in asymptomatic persons adds another criterion to those already established for the identification of carriers of the trait of Mediterranean anemia who constitute the source of its transmission. The presence of bilirubin in increased concentrations in the serum of patients with severe Mediterranean anemia does not interfere with its capacity to combine with iron. The capacity for binding iron was restored when Fraction IV-7 was added to samples of icteric sera of patients in whom no capacity had previously been demonstrated. The high serum iron and absence of latent iron-binding capacity observed in children with severe Mediterranean anemia receiving multiple transfusions correspond to the changes regarded as diagnostic of transfusion hemosiderosis and hemochromatosis. While these changes remain unaltered in Mediterranean anemia, their reversibility has been demonstrated in two children with hemophilia who received weekly transfusions of small amounts of blood. Following cessation of this form of therapy a decrease of serum iron and a gradual restoration of iron-binding capacity were noted.

Serum iron and total iron-binding capacity compared with serum ferritin in assessment of iron deficiency.

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Peter ◽  
S Wang
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Total Iron Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

Abstract Ferritin values for 250 selected sera were compared with values for iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), and transferrin saturation, to assess the potential of the ferritin assay for the detection of latent iron deficiency. The specimens were grouped (50 in each group) according to their values for iron and TIBC. In Group 1 (low iron, high TIBC) the saturation and ferritin values both indicated iron deficiency in all but one. In the 100 specimens of Groups 2 (normal iron, high TIBC) and 4 (normal iron, high normal TIBC), the saturation values revealed 16 iron-deficient cases, the ferritin test 55. For Groups 3 (low iron, normal TIBC) and 5 (low iron, low TIBC), the ferritin test revealed fewer cases of iron deficiency than did the saturation values (37 cases vs 51 cases, in the 100 specimens). Evidently the ferritin test detects iron deficiency in many cases for whom the serum iron and TIBC tests are not positively indicative. The correlation of serum ferritin with iron, TIBC, and transferrin saturation in the five groups was good only in the case of specimens for which the TIBC was normal; if it was abnormal the correlation was very poor.

Immunological Measurement of Transferrin Compared with Chemical Measurement of Total Iron-Binding Capacity

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1063-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swei H Tsung ◽  
Waldemar A Rosenthal ◽  
Karen A Milewski
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Total Iron Binding Capacity ◽  
Chronic Disorders ◽  
Birth Control Pills ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

Abstract Because of uncertainty as to the molecular weight of transferrin, a previous comparison [Von der Heul et al., Clin. Chim. Acta 38, 347 (1972)] between transferrin content of serum and total iron-binding capacity cannot be definitive. We found a conversion factor for expressing transferrin as iron-binding capacity by measuring the maximum amount of iron bound by 1 mg of transferrin. We compared the resulting calculated value with values obtained by three other methods for measuring total iron-binding capacity. We agree with the previous observation that the latter, as measured radioisotopically, give higher results than would be judged from the transferrin content but the same as those for two chemical methods. The diffusion rate of transferrin in agar was the same irrespective of the degree of iron saturation. Serum transferrin concentrations were low in patients with anemia resulting from malignancy, chronic disorders, and cirrhosis of the liver, and high or normal in patients with iron deficiency anemia and in pregnant women or women who were taking birth-control pills. Measurement of transferrin concentration can be used to distinguish iron deficiency anemia from anemia resulting from chronic disorders, but offers no advantages over existing methods for estimating total ironbinding capacity.

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