Ontologies for information entities: State of the art and open challenges

Information entities are used in ontologies to represent engineering technical specifications, health records, pictures or librarian data about, e.g., narrative fictions, among others. The literature in applied ontology lacks a comparison of the state of the art, and foundational questions on the nature of information entities remain open for research. The purpose of the paper is twofold. First, to compare existing ontologies with both each other and theories proposed in philosophy, semiotics, librarianship, and literary studies in order to understand how the ontologies conceive and model information entities. Second, to discuss some open research challenges that can lead to principled approaches for the treatment of information entities, possibly by getting into account the variety of information entity types found in the literature.

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Survey on Blockchain Networking

ACM Computing Surveys ◽

10.1145/3453161 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 54 (5) ◽

pp. 1-34

Author(s):

Maya Dotan ◽

Yvonne-Anne Pignolet ◽

Stefan Schmid ◽

Saar Tochner ◽

Aviv Zohar

Keyword(s):

Distributed Systems ◽

Communication Networks ◽

State Of The Art ◽

The State ◽

Neighbor Discovery ◽

Protocol Stack ◽

Application Domain ◽

Empirical Results ◽

Research Challenges ◽

Open Research

Blockchains, in general, and cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, in particular, are realized using distributed systems and hence critically rely on the performance and security of the interconnecting network. The requirements on these networks and their usage, however, can differ significantly from traditional communication networks, with implications on all layers of the protocol stack. This article is motivated by these differences and, in particular, by the observation that many fundamental design aspects of these networks are not well-understood today. To support the networking community to contribute to this emerging application domain, we present a structured overview of the field, from topology and neighbor discovery, over block and transaction propagation, to sharding and off-chain networks, also reviewing existing empirical results from different measurement studies. In particular, for each of these domains, we provide the context, highlighting differences and commonalities with traditional networks, review the state-of-the-art, and identify open research challenges. Our article can hence also be seen as a call-to-arms to improve the foundation on top of which blockchains are built.

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The Big Data Era

Analyzing Future Applications of AI, Sensors, and Robotics in Society - Advances in Computational Intelligence and Robotics ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-3499-1.ch006 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 87-103

Author(s):

Maria K. Krommyda ◽

Verena Kantere

Keyword(s):

Big Data ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Large Datasets ◽

The State ◽

Data Exploration ◽

Everyday Activities ◽

Research Challenges ◽

Open Research ◽

Big Data Applications ◽

Scientific Fields

Large datasets pertaining to many scientific fields and everyday activities are becoming available at an increasing rate. Processing, analyzing, and understanding the information that they offer poses significant technical challenges. There are many efforts dedicated to the development of big data exploration, analysis, and visualization applications that will improve the value of the information extracted from these datasets. An analysis of the state-of-the-art in these applications is presented here along with open research challenges that have not yet been tackled sufficiently. Also, specific domains where big data applications are needed are presented, and unique challenges are identified.

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Users roles identification on online crowdsourced Q&A platforms and encyclopedias: a survey

Journal of Computational Social Science ◽

10.1007/s42001-021-00125-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Akrati Saxena ◽

Harita Reddy

Keyword(s):

Network Analysis ◽

Knowledge Sharing ◽

Informal Learning ◽

Social Roles ◽

Online Discussion ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Temporal Analysis ◽

The State ◽

Open Research ◽

Research Questions

AbstractOnline informal learning and knowledge-sharing platforms, such as Stack Exchange, Reddit, and Wikipedia have been a great source of learning. Millions of people access these websites to ask questions, answer the questions, view answers, or check facts. However, one interesting question that has always attracted the researchers is if all the users share equally on these portals, and if not then how the contribution varies across users, and how it is distributed? Do different users focus on different kinds of activities and play specific roles? In this work, we present a survey of users’ social roles that have been identified on online discussion and Q&A platforms including Usenet newsgroups, Reddit, Stack Exchange, and MOOC forums, as well as on crowdsourced encyclopedias, such as Wikipedia, and Baidu Baike, where users interact with each other through talk pages. We discuss the state of the art on capturing the variety of users roles through different methods including the construction of user network, analysis of content posted by users, temporal analysis of user activity, posting frequency, and so on. We also discuss the available datasets and APIs to collect the data from these platforms for further research. The survey is concluded with open research questions.

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Autonomous Guided Vehicles for Smart Industries – The State-of-the-Art and Research Challenges

Lecture Notes in Computer Science - Computational Science – ICCS 2020 ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-50426-7_25 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 330-343

Author(s):

Rafal Cupek ◽

Marek Drewniak ◽

Marcin Fojcik ◽

Erik Kyrkjebø ◽

Jerry Chun-Wei Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

State Of The Art ◽

The State ◽

Research Challenges

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What Can Be Accomplished with the State of the Art in Information Extraction? A Personal View

Computational Linguistics ◽

10.1162/coli_a_00331 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 651-658

Author(s):

Ralph Weischedel ◽

Elizabeth Boschee

Keyword(s):

Information Extraction ◽

State Of The Art ◽

The State ◽

Personal View ◽

Common Features ◽

Research Challenges ◽

The Common

Though information extraction (IE) research has more than a 25-year history, F1 scores remain low. Thus, one could question continued investment in IE research. In this article, we present three applications where information extraction of entities, relations, and/or events has been used, and note the common features that seem to have led to success. We also identify key research challenges whose solution seems essential for broader successes. Because a few practical deployments already exist and because breakthroughs on particular challenges would greatly broaden the technology’s deployment, further R&D investments are justified.

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[email protected]: a guided tour of the state of the art and research challenges

Software & Systems Modeling ◽

10.1007/s10270-018-00712-x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 3049-3082 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Nelly Bencomo ◽

Sebastian Götz ◽

Hui Song

Keyword(s):

State Of The Art ◽

The State ◽

Research Challenges ◽

Guided Tour

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It’s Time for Health Record Banking!

Methods of Information in Medicine ◽

10.3414/me13-02-0048 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 53 (02) ◽

pp. 63-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. Shabo Shvo

Keyword(s):

Health Information ◽

Information Exchange ◽

Health Information Exchange ◽

State Of The Art ◽

The State ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Health Record ◽

Health Records

SummaryThis article is part of a Focus Theme of Methods of Information in Medicine on Health Record Banking. This Focus Theme aims at describing the Health Record Banking (HRB) paradigm, which offers an alternative constellation of health information exchange and integration through sustainability of health records over the lifetime of individuals by independent and trusted organizations.It also aims at describing various approaches to HRB and reporting on the state-of-the-art HRB through actual implementations and lessons learned, as described in articles of this Focus Theme.

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Internet-of-things-based smart environments: state of the art, taxonomy, and open research challenges

IEEE Wireless Communications ◽

10.1109/mwc.2016.7721736 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 10-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 164

Author(s):

Ejaz Ahmed ◽

Ibrar Yaqoob ◽

Abdullah Gani ◽

Muhammad Imran ◽

Mohsen Guizani

Keyword(s):

Internet Of Things ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Smart Environments ◽

Research Challenges ◽

Open Research

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E-Government Business Models

E-Government Diffusion, Policy, and Impact ◽

10.4018/978-1-60566-130-8.ch001 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marijn Janssen ◽

George Kuk

Keyword(s):

Business Models ◽

State Of The Art ◽

The State ◽

Service Provisioning ◽

Basic Premise ◽

Research Challenges ◽

Client Involvement ◽

Service Offering ◽

The Individual

Stimulated by the need to reduce cost and improve service provisioning and client involvement at the same time, the concept of business models has gained attention in the e-government domain over the last few years. Business models can appear at the individual organization and network level and describes how an entity plans to provide services. The basic premise of business models is that it helps to understand the relation between service offering and other elements and can be used as an instrument to improve service provisioning and lowering cost at the same time. In this chapter an overview of the state-of-the-art of e-government business models, a theory integrating the various elements and research challenges and issues are presented. There is ample need for research and overcoming these challenges result in better leveraging the advantages of business models.

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