scholarly journals TECHNICAL ANALYSIS OF VEHICLE DRIVERS’ ACTIONS AT UNCONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS WHILE TURNING LEFT

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 411-421
Author(s):  
A. Lubentsov ◽  
V. Varlahov
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Technical Analysis ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Accident Analysis ◽  
Traffic Sign ◽  
Left Turn ◽  
Forensic Expert ◽  
Turning Maneuver ◽  
Vehicle Movement ◽  
Traffic Rules

The questions which arise at experts while carrying out road accident analysis (forensic expert examination) during technical analysis of vehicle drivers’ actions at uncontrolled intersections, in cases when turning left at a separating lawn line a traffic sign “Yield” is installed, and a traffic sign “Priority Road” is installed at the intersection facing the direction of vehicle movement which turns left, are considered. When technically evaluating drivers actions at an uncontrolled intersection in accordance with the requirements of Traffic Rules of Ukraine, forensic experts who make up a forensic report on the results of road accident analysis wonder: “How to evaluate the driver’s actions who performs a turning maneuver to the left at uncontrolled intersection, when a traffic sign ‘Yield’ is installed at a separating lawn line while turning left, and a traffic sign “Priority Road” is installed at the intersection facing the direction of vehicle movement where the vehicle turns left. Technical analysis of the driver actions who turns left at an uncontrolled intersection should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs 10.1 and 16.13 of Traffic Rules of Ukraine. This is due to the fact that the presence of a traffic sign 2.3 “Priority Road” indicates the fact that a driver is on the priority road, and must give way to vehicles moving in the opposite direction heading straight or right when making a left turn.

Road Accident Analysis using Machine Learning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayesh Patil ◽  
Mandar Prabhu ◽  
Dhaval Walavalkar ◽  
Vivian Brian Lobo
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Accident Analysis

GIS for Road Accident Analysis in Hong Kong

Annals of GIS ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poh Chin Lai ◽  
Wing Yee Chan
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Accident Analysis

Access Spacing Based on Turning-Vehicle Acceleration

2017 ◽  
Vol 2618 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
James L. Gattis ◽  
Justin R. Chimka ◽  
Andrew Evans
Keyword(s):  
Small Study ◽  
Access Management ◽  
Left Turn ◽  
The Core ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Vehicle Acceleration ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Vehicle Movement ◽  
Suburban Environment

Spacing between access connections—whether between a public roadway and a driveway or between two successive driveways—is one of the core techniques employed to effect access management. Several rationales reflecting different types of traffic interactions have been developed as a basis for minimum spacing distances. A small study was done in which two attributes were recorded: positions of vehicles turning from a side street and accelerating along the through roadway and time required for vehicles to turn left from the through roadway into a driveway. The vehicle movement described—a vehicle turning right from the side street into the through roadway—may be more likely to surprise the driver contemplating a left turn from the through roadway. Information derived from these observations, combined with perception–reaction values found in the literature, offers a basis for minimum spacing criteria that addresses one of many types of traffic interactions related to spacing, where a left turn is allowed across the through roadway downstream of another connection. These findings provide one more means to assess spacing along four-lane arterials in a developed suburban environment. A study with a greater scope to expand these findings is also proposed.

scholarly journals Recommended Mounting Heights for Freestanding On-Premise Signs

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
Philip M. Garvey ◽  
M. Jennifer Klena
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Technical Analysis ◽  
Traffic Sign ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Current State

Freestanding on-premise signs are commercial signs that are not attached to buildings or other structures and include ground-mounted, monument, pylon, and pole signs. This report focuses on issues related to the appropriate mounting height of freestanding signs. The objective of this report is to develop best practices for optimal freestanding on-premise sign mounting height based on roadway factors, sign visibility, and traffic safety, relying on existing research and practice and basic geometry, and describing variations for different road types and sign lateral offsets. To achieve this, the existing on-premise and traffic sign mounting height research was reviewed, and the current state-of-the-practice was summarized. In addition, a technical analysis of on-premise sign height and sign visibility based on roadway cross-section and driver-to-sign sightlines was conducted.

scholarly journals Bias in Forensic Examination

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-16
Author(s):  
A. V. Kokin
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Information ◽  
Technical Analysis ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Forensic Examination ◽  
Expert’S Opinion ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Forensic Expert ◽  
Internal Influences

The article discusses various aspects of the influence of bias on the formation of conclusions of a forensic expert. The author highlights that the negative effect of bias is especially significant in identification examinations, where the conclusions are based on subjective interpretations of the results of marks comparison (toolmark, fingerprint, firearms examinations, and others). The author also notes that there is no clear border between objectivity and subjectivity in forensic examinations. All types of forensic examinations exist in an objective-subjective continuum, which causes different conclusions’ reliability. Since subjectivity is the basis for bias formation, minimizing its impact can be achieved in several ways – increasing the “transparency” of documenting the research process, technical analysis and verification of an expert’s opinion, applying quantitative criteria for evaluating the matching features in the compared marks. The most logical way to reduce the influence of bias is to eliminate the causes that give rise to this phenomenon. These are the excessive contextual information provided to the expert, the expert’s deviation from the requirements of methodological recommendations in examining the objects, and various external and internal influences.

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