scholarly journals Perceptions of special education training as viewed by northwest Missouri high school principals and Missouri university leaders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lucas (Luke) W. McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
The United States ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Principal's Role ◽  
Special Education Training ◽  
Education Training ◽  
University Leaders

The purpose of this qualitative research project was to examine the perceptions of Northwest Missouri principals and university leaders from across the state of special education training that is received during principal preparatory graduate programs. A review of relevant literature gives background on the history of special education in the United States, the role of principals in special education, and a brief history on principal preparatory programs. Perceptions of principals regarding their own training revealed a lack of adequate preparation for leading in the area of special education. The researcher used a semi-structured interviews and focus group with principals in Northwest Missouri as well as on online survey for various university leaders. The interviews, focus group, and published courses of study from the universities produced data where three major themes evolved. The three themes included: (a) The Organization of Special Education in a Building or District, (b) The Principal's Role in Special Education, and (c) Training of Principals Regarding Special Education. Kotter's Change Theory was used to indicate a sense of urgency to make changes in how aspiring principals are trained regarding special education.

scholarly journals Engagement with and delivery of the ‘parkrun practice initiative’ in general practice: a mixed methods study

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (697) ◽  
pp. e573-e580
Author(s):  
Joanna Fleming ◽  
Carol Bryce ◽  
Joanne Parsons ◽  
Chrissie Wellington ◽  
Jeremy Dale
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Practice Staff ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Improve Patient

BackgroundThe parkrun practice initiative, a joint collaboration between parkrun and the Royal College of General Practitioners, was launched to encourage general practices to improve the health and wellbeing of patients and staff through participating in local 5 km parkrun events. Why and how practices engage with the initiative is unknown.AimTo investigate engagement with and delivery of the parkrun practice initiative in general practice.Design and settingMixed methods study conducted from April–July 2019 comprising an online survey of all registered parkrun practices, and interviews and a focus group with practice staff in the West Midlands.MethodThe designated contacts at 780 registered parkrun practices were invited to complete an online survey. A purposive sample of parkrun practice staff and non-registered practice staff took part either in semi-structured interviews or a focus group, with transcripts analysed thematically.ResultsOf the total number of parkrun practices, 306 (39.2%) completed the survey. Sixteen practice staff (from nine parkrun practices and four non-registered practices) took part in either semi-structured interviews (n = 12) or a focus group (n = 4). Key motivators for becoming a parkrun practice were: to improve patient and staff health and wellbeing, and to become more engaged with the community and enhance practice image. Practices most commonly encouraged patients, carers, and staff to take part in parkrun and displayed parkrun flyers and posters. Challenges in implementing activities included lack of time (both personal and during consultations) and getting staff involved. Where staff did engage there were positive effects on morale and participation. Non-registered practices were receptive to the initiative, but had apprehensions about the commitment involved.ConclusionPractices were keen to improve patient and staff health. Addressing time constraints and staff support needs to be considered when implementing the initiative.

Merchants Competing on E-Commerce Platforms

2022 ◽  
pp. 204-230
Author(s):  
Atilla Wohllebe
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Distribution Channel ◽  
Purchase Decision ◽  
Purchase Decisions ◽  
Delivery Time ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Central Factors

The importance of marketplaces in e-commerce has increased. More and more merchants are trying to use e-commerce platforms as a distribution channel. With the increasing competition, merchants are faced with the challenge of continuing to sell their products to consumers through marketplaces at a profit. This is especially true if the consumer has already chosen a certain product and now only decides from which merchant to buy the product. This chapter therefore examines for different customer segments which merchant-related factors — also and in particular apart from the price — influence the purchase decision. After reviewing relevant literature, various factors are identified through structured interviews. An online survey is then used to simulate a total of 3,485 purchase decisions with different factor characteristics. In addition to the price, the ratings of a merchant and the delivery time are identified as central factors influencing the purchase decision.

scholarly journals PAYER PERSPECTIVES ON FUTURE ACCEPTABILITY OF COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS AND RELATIVE EFFECTIVENESS RESEARCH

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Moloney ◽  
Penny Mohr ◽  
Emma Hawe ◽  
Koonal Shah ◽  
Martina Garau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Comparative Effectiveness ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
The United States ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Effectiveness Research ◽  
Structured Interviews

Objectives: Our objective was to gather perspectives from payers on how comparative effectiveness research (CER) in the United States and relative effectiveness (RE) research in Europe will impact evidentiary standards for access decisions of new drugs by 2020.Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with fourteen senior officials representing public and private payers, health technology assessment groups, and pricing and reimbursement bodies in the United States and Europe. An online survey assessed current use of CER/RE evidence and potential trends that might influence its use for decision making by 2020. A semi-structured interview elicited payers' definitions of CER/RE and was structured around four hypothetical cases resembling drugs expected to be more common or poised to create policy challenges by 2020. Topics included acceptance of study designs and analytic methods associated with CER/RE. A systematic content review was done to extract relevant information.Results: According to key informants, randomization will remain an essential component for assessing comparative or relative effectiveness. They anticipate greater use of policy levers such as conditional reimbursement or prior authorization to manage diffusion of new drugs. Case studies provided important insights into situations when certain types of CER evidence may be acceptable (e.g., observational data when differences between drugs are largely convenience).Conclusions: Industry perceptions that CER/RE will change payers' evidentiary requirements in the future are consistent with our findings. Growing investment in payers' own data and increased reliance on policy tools to control diffusion of new drugs may also influence the type of evidence industry will be required to produce by 2020.

scholarly journals Towards Designing Mobile Apps for Independent Travel

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-40
Author(s):  
Al Majed Khan ◽  
Dr Marilyn Dunlop ◽  
Dr Marilyn Lennon ◽  
Dr Mateusz Dubiel
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Daily Life Activities ◽  
Independent Travel ◽  
Digital Prototype

Performing daily independent activities can be a challenge for people with Down's Syndrome (DS). This article investigates how to better support these activities with smart devices based on three cycles of a collaborative participatory action research (PAR) process. The first cycle involved semi-structured interviews ( n = 4 ) with parents and an online survey ( n = 39 ) with people with DS and their parents to explore barriers and opportunities for independent activities. This cycle highlighted that travelling independently was a common challenge among discussed barriers to independent activities for young adults with DS, an issue that smart devices have the potential to overcome. The second cycle involved seven focus group discussions ( n = 20 ) with parents ( n = 13 ) and young adults with DS ( n = 7 ) for gaining deeper insights into barriers to independent travel. We explored key barriers to independent travel and gathered design requirements for smartphone apps to overcome these barriers. In the third cycle, we designed a digital prototype based on participant recommendations and conducted seven focus group meetings ( n = 19 ) with caregivers ( n = 12 ) and individuals with DS ( n = 7 ). This final cycle reviewed the proposed digital prototype and validated the key barriers found in the second cycle. Overall, our studies confirmed that mobile technology can support people with DS in performing daily life activities that increase social inclusion. The studies resulted in identified barriers and requirements along with co-designed solutions for independent travel apps.

scholarly journals Special Education Training for Preservice School Librarians

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Hirsh
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
School Library ◽  
School Librarian ◽  
School Librarians ◽  
Special Education Training ◽  
Education Training ◽  
Required Courses

This study analyzes the course listings of ALA-accredited school librarian training programs and their inclusion of special education training for preservice school librarians. Fewer than a quarter of school librarian training programs require special education training. Of those that do require it, three-quarters require it only for students without a teaching credential. Only two of the recommended or required courses address special education in the school library setting specifically.

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