scholarly journals Differential Aspects of Natural and Morphine Reward-Related Behaviors in Conditioned Place Preference Paradigm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shole Jamali ◽  
◽  
Mahdi Aliyari Shoorehdeli2 ◽  
Mohammad Reza Daliri ◽  
Abbas Haghparast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Place Preference ◽  
Food Deprivation ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Place Preference ◽  
The Other ◽  
Morphine Group ◽  
Natural Reward ◽  
Conditioning Period ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Natural Rewards

Natural rewards are essential for animal survival. On the other hand, drug-seeking behaviours can be maladaptive and endanger survival. The present study was conducted to enhance our understanding of how animals respond to food and morphine as natural and drug rewards, respectively, in a conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. We designed a protocol to induce food-CPP and compare it as a natural reward with morphine-CPP in rats. The protocol for reward induction in all groups (foods and morphine) consisted of three phases: pre-test, conditioning, and post-test. In morphine groups, we injected morphine as a reward (5 mg/kg, s.c.), and for inducing natural-reward, we used two different protocols, by one of the rats were deprived of food for 24h. In the other method, rats were restricted for food for 14 days. During the conditioning period, animals received daily chow, biscuit, or popcorn as a reward inducer. Results revealed that CPP did not induce in food-deprived rats. A combination of food restriction (as a facilitator) and a biscuit or popcorn induced reward using CPP. In contrast, food deprivation did not facilitate food-CPP in response to regular food. Interestingly the CPP score of the group which received biscuit during a 7-day conditioning period was more than that of the morphine group. In conclusion, food restriction could be a better protocol than food deprivation to facilitate food reward.

scholarly journals Oxytocin Attenuates Expression, but Not Acquisition, of Sucrose Conditioned Place Preference in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon Patel ◽  
Megana Sundar ◽  
Eva Lorenz ◽  
Kah-Chung Leong
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Place Preference ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Place Preference ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Reward Seeking ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Natural Rewards ◽  
Insight Into

Maladaptation of reward processing for natural rewards, such as sucrose or sugar, may play a role in the development of diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Furthermore, uncovering mechanisms to disrupt or reverse maladaptation of reward-seeking behaviors for natural reinforcers can provide insight into treatment of such diseases, as well as disorders such as addiction. As such, studying the effects of potential pharmacotherapeutics on maladaptive sugar-seeking behavior offers valuable clinical significance. Sucrose conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigms can offer insight into aspects of reward processes as it provides a way to assess acquisition and expression of context-reward associations. The present study examined the effect of peripheral oxytocin injections on sucrose CPP in rats. Oxytocin, when administered prior to CPP test, attenuated expression of sucrose CPP. However, oxytocin, when administered during sucrose conditioning, did not affect subsequent place preference. These findings suggest oxytocin sufficiently attenuates expression of sucrose-associated place preference.

Melanin-concentrating hormone in rat nucleus accumbens or lateral hypothalamus differentially impacts morphine and food seeking behaviors

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongmei Wang ◽  
Jianjun Zhang ◽  
Yunjing Bai ◽  
Xigeng Zheng ◽  
Mirmohammadali M Alizamini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Conditioned Place Preference ◽  
Lateral Hypothalamus ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Place Preference ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens Shell ◽  
Melanin Concentrating Hormone ◽  
Natural Rewards

Background: Identifying neural substrates that are differentially affected by drugs of abuse and natural rewards is key to finding a target for an efficacious treatment for substance abuse. Melanin-concentrating hormone is a polypeptide with an inhibitory effect on the mesolimbic dopamine system. Here we test the hypothesis that melanin-concentrating hormone in the lateral hypothalamus and nucleus accumbens shell is differentially involved in the regulation of morphine and food-rewarded behaviors. Methods: Male Sprague–Dawley rats were trained with morphine (5.0 mg/kg, subcutaneously) or food pellets (standard chow, 10–14 g) to induce a conditioned place preference, immediately followed by extinction training. Melanin-concentrating hormone (1.0 µg/side) or saline was infused into the nucleus accumbens shell or lateral hypothalamus before the reinstatement primed by morphine or food, and locomotor activity was simultaneously monitored. As the comparison, melanin-concentrating hormone was also microinjected into the nucleus accumbens shell or lateral hypothalamus before the expression of food or morphine-induced conditioned place preference. Results: Microinfusion of melanin-concentrating hormone into the nucleus accumbens shell (but not into the lateral hypothalamus) prevented the reinstatement of morphine conditioned place preference but had no effect on the reinstatement of food conditioned place preference. In contrast, microinfusion of melanin-concentrating hormone into the lateral hypothalamus (but not in the nucleus accumbens shell) inhibited the reinstatement of food conditioned place preference but had no effect on the reinstatement of morphine conditioned place preference. Conclusions: These results suggest a clear double dissociation of melanin-concentrating hormone in morphine/food rewarding behaviors and melanin-concentrating hormone in the nucleus accumbens shell. Melanin-concentrating hormone could be a potential target for therapeutic intervention for morphine abuse without affecting natural rewards.

Food-deprivation increases cocaine-induced conditioned place preference and locomotor activity in rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Michael Bell ◽  
Robert B. Stewart ◽  
Scott C. Thompson ◽  
R. A. Meisch
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Conditioned Place Preference ◽  
Food Deprivation ◽  
Place Preference

scholarly journals Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Exendin-4 on the Reinstatement of Cocaine-Mediated Conditioned Place Preference in Mice

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changliang Zhu ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Jiangwei Ding ◽  
Hailiang Li ◽  
Din Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Place Preference ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Place Preference ◽  
Cocaine Addiction ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Conditioning Period ◽  
Cocaine Seeking ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Reinstatement Test

A high percentage of relapse to compulsive cocaine-taking and cocaine-seeking behaviors following abstinence constitutes a major obstacle to the clinical treatment of cocaine addiction. Thus, there is a substantial need to develop effective pharmacotherapies for the prevention of cocaine relapse. The reinstatement paradigm is known as the most commonly used animal model to study relapse in abstinent human addicts. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the potential effects of systemic administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) exendin-4 (Ex4) on the cocaine- and stress-triggered reinstatement of cocaine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in male C57BL/6J mice. The biased CPP paradigm was induced by alternating administration of saline and cocaine (20 mg/kg), followed by extinction training and then reinstatement by either a cocaine prime (10 mg/kg) or exposure to swimming on the reinstatement test day. To examine the effects of Ex4 on the reinstatement, Ex4 was systemically administered 1 h after the daily extinction session. Additionally, we also explored the associated molecular basis of the behavioral effects of Ex4. The expression of nuclear factor κβ (NF-κβ) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) was detected using Western blotting. As a result, all animals that were treated with cocaine during the conditioning period successfully acquired CPP, and their CPP response was extinguished after 8 extinction sessions. Furthermore, the animals that were exposed to cocaine or swimming on the reinstatement day showed a significant reinstatement of CPP. Interestingly, systemic pretreatment with Ex4 was sufficient to attenuate cocaine- and stress-primed reinstatement of cocaine-induced CPP. Additionally, the expression of NF-κβ, which was upregulated by cocaine, was normalized by Ex4 in the cocaine-experienced mice. Altogether, our study reveals the novel effect of Ex4 on the reinstatement of cocaine-induced CPP and suggests that GLP-1R agonists appear to be highly promising drugs in the treatment of cocaine use disorder.

Food restriction modulates amphetamine-conditioned place preference and nucleus accumbens dopamine release in the rat

Synapse ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garret D. Stuber ◽  
Scott B. Evans ◽  
Michael S. Higgins ◽  
Yanping Pu ◽  
Dianne P. Figlewicz
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Conditioned Place Preference ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Dopamine Release ◽  
Place Preference
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