scholarly journals Global genomics analysis of the rodent malaria parasites Plasmodium Berghei, Plasmodium Chabaudi and Plasmodium Yoelii with emphasis on the identification of novel virulence factors in Plasmodium Yoelii

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley Jiin Liang Liew
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Plasmodium Yoelii ◽  
Plasmodium Chabaudi ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Rodent Malaria

scholarly journals Genome sequence, transcriptome, and annotation of rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis N67

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui Zhang ◽  
Cihan Oguz ◽  
Sue Huse ◽  
Lu Xia ◽  
Jian Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Plasmodium Yoelii ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Rodent Malaria

Abstract Background Rodent malaria parasites are important models for studying host-malaria parasite interactions such as host immune response, mechanisms of parasite evasion of host killing, and vaccine development. One of the rodent malaria parasites is Plasmodium yoelii, and multiple P. yoelii strains or subspecies that cause different disease phenotypes have been widely employed in various studies. The genomes and transcriptomes of several P. yoelii strains have been analyzed and annotated, including the lethal strains of P. y. yoelii YM (or 17XL) and non-lethal strains of P. y. yoelii 17XNL/17X. Genomic DNA sequences and cDNA reads from another subspecies P. y. nigeriensis N67 have been reported for studies of genetic polymorphisms and parasite response to drugs, but its genome has not been assembled and annotated. Results We performed genome sequencing of the N67 parasite using the PacBio long-read sequencing technology, de novo assembled its genome and transcriptome, and predicted 5383 genes with high overall annotation quality. Comparison of the annotated genome of the N67 parasite with those of YM and 17X parasites revealed a set of genes with N67-specific orthology, expansion of gene families, particularly the homologs of the Plasmodium chabaudi erythrocyte membrane antigen, large numbers of SNPs and indels, and proteins predicted to interact with host immune responses based on their functional domains. Conclusions The genomes of N67 and 17X parasites are highly diverse, having approximately one polymorphic site per 50 base pairs of DNA. The annotated N67 genome and transcriptome provide searchable databases for fast retrieval of genes and proteins, which will greatly facilitate our efforts in studying the parasite biology and gene function and in developing effective control measures against malaria.

Plasmodium berghei and Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi: development of simple in vitro erythrocyte invasion assays

Parasitology ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. McNally ◽  
S. M. O'donovan ◽  
J. P. Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Plasmodium Chabaudi ◽  
Rodent Malaria ◽  
Erythrocyte Invasion ◽  
Malaria Species ◽  
Invasion Assays

SUMMARYErythrocyte invasion assays are described for two species of rodent malaria, namely Plasmodium berghei and P. c. chabaudi. These invasion assays are simple, are carried out using a candle jar and allow a number of assays to be performed simultaneously. Our results demonstrate that both rodent malaria species show an in vitro preference for reticulocytes although the preference of P. c. chabaudi for these cells is not as marked as that of P. berghei. The details of our invasion assays and our results obtained are discussed.

scholarly journals Study for the detection of rodent malaria parasites (Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis) in mosquitoes

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Ataru Tsuzuki ◽  
Takako Touma ◽  
Hiromu Touma ◽  
Ryouya Satou ◽  
Ichirou Miyagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Yoelii ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Rodent Malaria

scholarly journals Extrahepatic Exoerythrocytic Forms of Rodent Malaria Parasites at the Site of Inoculation: Clearance after Immunization, Susceptibility to Primaquine, and Contribution to Blood-Stage Infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 2158-2164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Voza ◽  
Jessica L. Miller ◽  
Stefan H. I. Kappe ◽  
Photini Sinnis
Keyword(s):  
Common Property ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Plasmodium Yoelii ◽  
Blood Stage ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Rodent Malaria ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Blood Stage Infection ◽  
Stage Infection

ABSTRACTPlasmodiumsporozoites are inoculated into the skin of the mammalian host as infected mosquitoes probe for blood. A proportion of the inoculum enters the bloodstream and goes to the liver, where the sporozoites invade hepatocytes and develop into the next life cycle stage, the exoerythrocytic, or liver, stage. Here, we show that a small fraction of the inoculum remains in the skin and begins to develop into exoerythrocytic forms that can persist for days. Skin exoerythrocytic forms were observed for bothPlasmodium bergheiandPlasmodium yoelii, two different rodent malaria parasites, suggesting that development in the skin of the mammalian host may be a common property of plasmodia. Our studies demonstrate that skin exoerythrocytic stages are susceptible to destruction in immunized mice, suggesting that their aberrant location does not protect them from the host's adaptive immune response. However, in contrast to their hepatic counterparts, they are not susceptible to primaquine. We took advantage of their resistance to primaquine to test whether they could initiate a blood-stage infection directly from the inoculation site, and our data indicate that these stages are not able to initiate malaria infection.

scholarly journals Genome Sequence, Transcriptome, and Annotation of Rodent Malaria Parasite Plasmodium Yoelii Nigeriensis N67

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui Zhang ◽  
Cihan Oguz ◽  
Sue Huse ◽  
Lu Xia ◽  
Jian Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Plasmodium Yoelii ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Rodent Malaria

Abstract Background: Rodent malaria parasites are important models for studying host-malaria parasite interactions such as host immune response, mechanisms of parasite evasion of host killing, and vaccine development. One of the rodent malaria parasites is Plasmodium yoelii, and multiple P. yoelii strains or subspecies that cause different disease phenotypes have been widely employed in various studies. The genomes and transcriptomes of several P. yoelii strains have been analyzed and annotated, including the lethal strains of Plasmodium y. yoelii YM (or 17XL) and non-lethal strains of Plasmodium y. yoelii 17XNL/17X. Genomic DNA sequences and cDNA reads from another subspecies P. y. nigeriensis N67 have been reported for studies of genetic polymorphisms and parasite response to drugs, but its genome has not been assembled and annotated. Results: We performed genome sequencing of the N67 parasite using the PacBio long-read sequencing technology, de novo assembled its genome and transcriptome, and predicted 5,383 genes with high overall annotation quality. Comparison of the annotated genome of the N67 parasite with those of YM and 17X parasites revealed a set of genes with N67-specific orthology, expansion of gene families, particularly the homologs of the Plasmodium chabaudi erythrocyte membrane antigen, large numbers of SNPs and indels, and proteins predicted to interact with host immune responses based on their functional domains. Conclusions: The genomes of N67 and 17X parasites are highly diverse, having approximately one polymorphic site per 50 base pairs of DNA. The annotated N67 genome and transcriptome provide searchable databases for fast retrieval of genes and proteins, which will greatly facilitate our efforts in studying the parasite biology and gene function and in developing effective control measures against malaria.

scholarly journals Rodent malaria parasites Plasmodium chabaudi and P. vinckei do not increase their rates of gametocytogenesis in response to mosquito probing

2005 ◽  
Vol 272 (1579) ◽  
pp. 2397-2402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave Shutler ◽  
Sarah E Reece ◽  
Adele Mullie ◽  
Peter F Billingsley ◽  
Andrew F Read
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Chabaudi ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Rodent Malaria

scholarly journals Adaptive periodicity in the infectivity of malaria gametocytes to mosquitoes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Schneider ◽  
Samuel S. C. Rund ◽  
Natasha L. Smith ◽  
Kimberley F. Prior ◽  
Aidan J. O’Donnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Blood Parasite ◽  
Parasite Development ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Plasmodium Chabaudi ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Rodent Malaria

AbstractThat periodicity in the biting activity of mosquito vectors explains why malaria parasites have evolved rhythms in cycles of asexual replication in the host’s blood was proposed almost 50 years ago. Yet, tests of this hypothesis have proved inconclusive. Using the rodent malaria Plasmodium chabaudi, we examine rhythms in the density and infectivity of transmission forms (gametocytes) in the host’s blood, parasite development inside mosquitoes, and onwards transmission.Moreover, we control for the confounding effects of rhythms in mosquito susceptibility. We reveal that at night, gametocytes are twice as infective to mosquitoes, despite being less numerous in the blood. This enhanced infectiousness at night interacts with mosquito rhythms to increase sporozoite burdens by almost four-fold when mosquitoes feed during their day. Thus, daytime blood-feeding (e.g. driven by the use of bed nets) may render gametocytes less infective, but this is compensated for by the greater susceptibility of mosquitoes.

Observations on the morphology and electrophoretic variation of enzymes of the rodent malaria parasites of Cameroon, Plasmodium yoelii, P. chabaudi and P. vinckei

Parasitology ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Lainson
Keyword(s):  
Central African Republic ◽  
Plasmodium Yoelii ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Electrophoretic Variation ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Rodent Malaria ◽  
Plasmodium Vinckei

SUMMARYSix samples of rodent blood infected with malaria parasites were isolated from Cameroon. Of these, 2 contained mixed infections of Plasmodium vinckei and P. yoelii, 3 contained P. vinckei alone and 1 P. chabaudi alone. Each isolate was cloned and the resulting lines examined for morphology of blood and mosquito forms, and for electrophoretic variation in enzymes. The P. chabaudi and P. yoelii lines were morphologically and enzymically identical to isolates of the Central African Republic. Similarly, 1 P. vinckei line was identical to an isolate of the Central African Republic. The remaining 4 P. vinckei lines showed considerable variation, some enzymes being like those in isolates of surrounding regions, while others were unique to Cameroon.

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