scholarly journals "You have the right to remain silent, so why are you talking?" : interrogation rights, decision making, and the availability heuristic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonya Basarke
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
False Confession ◽  
Wrongful Conviction ◽  
Police Interrogation ◽  
Availability Heuristic ◽  
Criminal Suspects ◽  
The Right ◽  
Practical Implications

A police interrogation is one mechanism by which a false confession is sometimes obtained, which in turn can lead to a wrongful conviction. Given the severity of this consequence, rights for criminal suspects have been developed to protect the innocent. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of these rights has been called into question, as there is evidence that most people do not fully understand their rights, and the rate at which people choose to waive their rights is extremely high. The current study examined factors relating to people's interpretation of their rights when asked to speak with police. It was found that participants retained their rights at higher rates than expected. In addition, the results indicate that it is possible to affect waiver rates by manipulating the availability of information relating to negative or positive interrogation outcomes. This could have practical implications for how criminal suspects' rights are administered.

scholarly journals "You have the right to remain silent, so why are you talking?" : interrogation rights, decision making, and the availability heuristic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonya Basarke
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
False Confession ◽  
Wrongful Conviction ◽  
Police Interrogation ◽  
Availability Heuristic ◽  
Criminal Suspects ◽  
The Right ◽  
Practical Implications

A police interrogation is one mechanism by which a false confession is sometimes obtained, which in turn can lead to a wrongful conviction. Given the severity of this consequence, rights for criminal suspects have been developed to protect the innocent. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of these rights has been called into question, as there is evidence that most people do not fully understand their rights, and the rate at which people choose to waive their rights is extremely high. The current study examined factors relating to people's interpretation of their rights when asked to speak with police. It was found that participants retained their rights at higher rates than expected. In addition, the results indicate that it is possible to affect waiver rates by manipulating the availability of information relating to negative or positive interrogation outcomes. This could have practical implications for how criminal suspects' rights are administered.

Managing Executive Information Systems for Strategic Intelligence in South Africa and Spain

2011 ◽  
pp. 1274-1296
Author(s):  
Udo Richard Averweg ◽  
Jose L. Roldan
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Strategic Decision Making ◽  
Executive Information Systems ◽  
Strategic Intelligence ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Executive Decision Making ◽  
The Right ◽  
Practical Implications

Strategically important information for executive decision-making is often not readily available since it may be scattered in an organization’s internal and external environments. An executive information system (EIS) is a computer-based technology designed in response to specific needs of executives and for decision-making. Executives having the “right” information for strategic decision-making is considered critical for strategic intelligence (SQ). SQ is the ability to interpret cues and develop appropriate strategies for addressing the future impact of these cues. In order to gauge the current situation in respect of information in an EIS and for managing future EIS development, the authors research EIS in organizations in two selected countries: South Africa and Spain. From their EIS study, parallelisms and differences are identified and implications for SQ are discussed. Some practical implications for future EIS development are given. The authors suggest these should be considered so that SQ for executive decision-making is facilitated.

A Universal Theory of Wisdom

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-207
Author(s):  
Henryk Krawczyk ◽  
Andrew Targowski ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Universal Theory ◽  
Art Of Living ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Big Picture ◽  
The Right ◽  
Practical Implications

The purpose of the paper is to synthesize the issues of human wisdom in terms of minds which create knowledge-based judgment. We form a transdisciplinary, big-picture view of the wisdom of humans. Findings: Wisdom is the right judgment and choice in the context of the art of living. Practical implications: Wisdom can be developed within the set of minds. Social implications: To pursue wisdom in thinking and action, one must extend education to embrace more knowledge and practicing gaining better skills in decision-making. Originality: This approach offers a new understanding of the wisdom of humans, which cannot be identified as a synonym of knowledge.

Transforming HR in the digital era

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
PRERNA LAL
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Organizational Decision Making ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Hr Management ◽  
The Right ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – Shows how workforce analytics can help human resource (HR) management specialists to be more effective in the digital era. Design/methodology/approach – Draws on the author’s experience, plus a review of the literature. Findings – Reveals how analytics have transformed ways of managing a diversified workforce and helped to put HR at the center of organizational decision-making. Practical implications – Claims that the predictive power of analytics can help to make HR more effective. Social implications – Highlights how analytics can help to fit the right people to the right jobs, ensure they receive the right training and the right pay and stay loyal to the organization. Originality/value – Reveals that the power of analytics can be used to make virtually all HR functions more effective.

Managing Executive Information Systems for Strategic Intelligence in South Africa and Spain

2007 ◽  
pp. 87-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Averweg ◽  
J. Roldán
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Strategic Decision Making ◽  
Executive Information Systems ◽  
Strategic Intelligence ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Executive Decision Making ◽  
The Right ◽  
Practical Implications

Strategically important information for executive decision-making is often not readily available since it may be scattered in an organization’s internal and external environments. An executive information system (EIS) is a computer-based technology designed in response to specific needs of executives and for decision-making. Executives having the “right” information for strategic decision-making is considered critical for strategic intelligence (SQ). SQ is the ability to interpret cues and develop appropriate strategies for addressing the future impact of these cues. In order to gauge the current situation in respect of information in an EIS and for managing future EIS development, the authors research EIS in organizations in two selected countries: South Africa and Spain. From their EIS study, parallelisms and differences are identified and implications for SQ are discussed. Some practical implications for future EIS development are given. The authors suggest these should be considered so that SQ for executive decision-making is facilitated.

Awareness and Decision Making in Professional Ethics

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronny Swain
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Professional Autonomy ◽  
Ethical Awareness ◽  
Ethical Decisions ◽  
The Right ◽  
Aid Decision

The paper describes the development of the 1998 revision of the Psychological Society of Ireland's Code of Professional Ethics. The Code incorporates the European Meta-Code of Ethics and an ethical decision-making procedure borrowed from the Canadian Psychological Association. An example using the procedure is presented. To aid decision making, a classification of different kinds of stakeholder (i.e., interested party) affected by ethical decisions is offered. The author contends (1) that psychologists should assert the right, which is an important aspect of professional autonomy, to make discretionary judgments, (2) that to be justified in doing so they need to educate themselves in sound and deliberative judgment, and (3) that the process is facilitated by a code such as the Irish one, which emphasizes ethical awareness and decision making. The need for awareness and judgment is underlined by the variability in the ethical codes of different organizations and different European states: in such a context, codes should be used as broad yardsticks, rather than precise templates.

Would you Make the Right Decision? – Decision Making Biases in Economy - Related Dilemmas

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Gödör ◽  
Georgina Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Framing Effect ◽  
Economic Knowledge ◽  
Bank Account ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Hungarian Population ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Right ◽  
Decision Making Biases

Abstract As they say, money can’t buy happiness. However, the lack of it can make people’s lives much harder. From the moment we open our first bank account, we have to make lots of financial decisions in our life. Should I save some money or should I spend it? Is it a good idea to ask for a loan? How to invest my money? When we make such decisions, unfortunately we sometimes make mistakes, too. In this study, we selected seven common decision making biases - anchoring and adjustment, overconfidence, high optimism, the law of small numbers, framing effect, disposition effect and gambler’s fallacy – and tested them on the Hungarian population via an online survey. In the focus of our study was the question whether the presence of economic knowledge helps people make better decisions? The decision making biases found in literature mostly appeared in the sample as well. It proves that people do apply them when making decisions and in certain cases this could result in serious and costly errors. That’s why it would be absolutely important for people to learn about them, thus increasing their awareness and attention when making decisions. Furthermore, in our research we did find some connection between decisions and the knowledge of economics, people with some knowledge of economics opted for the better solution in bigger proportion

Parents and educators: Partners working together in an inclusive setting

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 33-49
Author(s):  
Sebastian (Nello) Raciti
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
School Level ◽  
Collaborative Consultation ◽  
Local School ◽  
Participatory Decision Making ◽  
Intervention Plan ◽  
Consultation Model ◽  
Working Together ◽  
The Right ◽  
Contextual Setting

Parents have the right to participate in the educational planning for their child with a disability, however they often need assistance when interacting with professionals to ensure the best programs for their children. Professionals also require guidelines and opportunities to develop appropriate communication skills when interacting with other professionals and parents. This paper investigates the level of participatory decision-making which exists between parents and professionals, and professionals amongst themselves. The present thrust for including children with a disability in mainstream schools is used as the contextual setting for this investigation. Furthermore, the author presents an intervention plan based on the Collaborative Consultation Model to enhance the participatory decision-making skills of parents and professionals at the local school level.

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