scholarly journals The utilization of the freshwater invertebrates hyalella azteca and daphnia magna for use in assessing potential endocrine distruption in aquatic systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Doobay
Keyword(s):  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Hyalella Azteca ◽  
Sexual Cycle ◽  
Screening Assay ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Endocrine Distruption

The chronic physiological effects of the compounds Atrazine, Tributyltin and 17 α-ethinylestradiol were tested on the freshwater aquatic organisms; Hyalella azteca and Daphnia magna. Daphnia magna were exposed to a series of conditions designed to minimize the parthenogenetic cycle of and maximize the sexual cycle resulting in the formation of males and ephippia to be used as a screening assay for potentially endocrine disrupting chemicals. Hyalella azteca were exposed to the three contaminants during a 42-day chronic toxicity assay and analyzed for morphological changes to male secondary gnathopods, female brood pouches and gender ratios. It was found that atrazine, tributyltin and 17 α-ethinylestradiol had no significant effects on the gender ratios or secondary sexual physiology of Hylalla azteca.

scholarly journals The utilization of the freshwater invertebrates hyalella azteca and daphnia magna for use in assessing potential endocrine distruption in aquatic systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Doobay
Keyword(s):  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Hyalella Azteca ◽  
Sexual Cycle ◽  
Screening Assay ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Endocrine Distruption

The chronic physiological effects of the compounds Atrazine, Tributyltin and 17 α-ethinylestradiol were tested on the freshwater aquatic organisms; Hyalella azteca and Daphnia magna. Daphnia magna were exposed to a series of conditions designed to minimize the parthenogenetic cycle of and maximize the sexual cycle resulting in the formation of males and ephippia to be used as a screening assay for potentially endocrine disrupting chemicals. Hyalella azteca were exposed to the three contaminants during a 42-day chronic toxicity assay and analyzed for morphological changes to male secondary gnathopods, female brood pouches and gender ratios. It was found that atrazine, tributyltin and 17 α-ethinylestradiol had no significant effects on the gender ratios or secondary sexual physiology of Hylalla azteca.

scholarly journals Micropellet Particles: A Vector of Hydrophobic Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Lagos Lagoon

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Olushola A. Abiodun ◽  
Fidelia I. Osuala ◽  
Adebayo A. Otitoloju ◽  
Carine M. D. Fotsing3 ◽  
Derek T. Ndinteh
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Sampling Station ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Lagos Lagoon ◽  
Negative Impacts

Introduction: The occurrence of plastic waste materials in the aquatic environment is receiving enormous attention all over the world due to its negative impacts on aquatic organisms. Micropellet litters have been found to adsorb and absorbs persistent organic endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Endocrine disrupting chemicals are recognized toxic chemicals to human and organisms. Aim: This study quantifies occurrence of micropellet particles in Lagos Lagoon and their EDCs contents. Methodology: The sampling was conducted from 2016 to 2018 at eight sampling locations with three points established in each of the sampling station. The chemical analysis of EDCs was conducted by gas chromatography coupled with electron capture detector and flame ionization detector. Results: Micropellet particles occurrence was highest in surface water (67%) compared to (33%) in sediment during the period of sampling. EDCs contents reflect contamination of PCBs and PAHs in the extracted micropellet particles. Some sampling stations contained relatively higher PAHs concentrations but very low concentration of PCBs. Conclusion: Since, micropellet particles and EDCs cannot be removed completely from the aquatic environment; reduction of impending hazards ought to rely on curtailing disposal of plastic materials and sensitizing the populace on general disposal methods in order to minimize interaction of plastic particles with EDCs which are likely to pose significant effects on aquatic fauna.

Hormones, Sexual Orientation, and Gender Identity

2019 ◽  
pp. 199-214
Author(s):  
Nicholas C. Neibergall ◽  
Alex J. Swanson ◽  
Francisco J. Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Disorders Of Sex Development ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Sex Development ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
And Gender

Gender identity and sexual orientation are two characteristics that play a significant role in human development. This chapter focuses on the potential role that hormones play in their development. First, a review of the direct effects of hormones and endocrine-disrupting chemicals is provided with a focus on animal models and persons born with disorders of sex development. Second, some evidence from association studies linking characteristics that are known or suspected of being influenced by hormones is provided. Although biological research has yielded some intriguing findings—especially from neuroimaging studies—scientists have yet to conclude what specific factors contribute to their development.

scholarly journals Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals on Aquatic Organisms

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 898-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Oshima ◽  
Shinsuke Tanabe ◽  
Shinya Hashimoto ◽  
Toshihiro Horiguchi
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting

Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: Brain–Behavior Effects on Thyroid and Sexual Differentiation

2020 ◽  
pp. 426-448
Author(s):  
R. Thomas Zoeller ◽  
Frederick S. vom Saal
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Safety Testing ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Estrogenic Chemicals ◽  
And Gender

The human population is exposed to literally hundreds of industrial chemicals. Studies show that, on average, there are well over 100 industrial chemicals in cord blood samples taken from babies born in the United States. This observation may be disregarded if it were not for solid—and growing—evidence that many of these chemicals interfere with hormone systems that play important roles in human brain development. For example, thyroid hormone is known to be essential for normal brain development and the human brain is much more sensitive to thyroid hormone insufficiency than believed 50 years ago. Chemicals such as perchlorate, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polybrominated flame retardants are associated with cognitive deficits in humans, and the experimental literature reveals a complex interaction with the thyroid system that can account for these effects. Likewise, estrogenic chemicals like bisphenol A (BPA) can affect the development of many organ systems, including sexually dimorphic regions of the brain. There is now convincing evidence that even slight perturbations in hormonal systems caused by endocrine-disrupting chemicals can impact brain development, reducing cognitive function and gender-specific behaviors throughout the remainder of life. The consequences of such chronic exposures at low doses typical of human exposures had, until relatively recently, not been appreciated due to safety testing strategies that are designed to identify overt toxicities, not endocrine disruption and its consequences.

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