scholarly journals Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals on Aquatic Organisms. Environmental Endocrine Disruptors.

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 899-900
Author(s):  
Taisen Iguchi
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Environmental Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting

scholarly journals Epigenetic modifications associated with in utero exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals BPA, DDT and Pb

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinonye Doris Onuzulu ◽  
Oluwakemi Anuoluwapo Rotimi ◽  
Solomon Oladapo Rotimi
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Environmental Chemicals ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Epigenetic Alterations ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Hormone System ◽  
Developmental Windows

Abstract Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are xenobiotics which adversely modify the hormone system. The endocrine system is most vulnerable to assaults by endocrine disruptors during the prenatal and early development window, and effects may persist into adulthood and across generations. The prenatal stage is a period of vulnerability to environmental chemicals because the epigenome is usually reprogrammed during this period. Bisphenol A (BPA), lead (Pb), and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) were chosen for critical review because they have become serious public health concerns globally, especially in Africa where they are widely used without any regulation. In this review, we introduce EDCs and describe the various modes of action of EDCs and the importance of the prenatal and developmental windows to EDC exposure. We give a brief overview of epigenetics and describe the various epigenetic mechanisms: DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs, and how each of them affects gene expression. We then summarize findings from previous studies on the effects of prenatal exposure to the endocrine disruptors BPA, Pb and DDT on each of the previously described epigenetic mechanisms. We also discuss how the epigenetic alterations caused by these EDCs may be related to disease processes.

scholarly journals Effects of endocrine disruptors in the development of the female reproductive tract

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Maria Frade Costa ◽  
Poli Mara Spritzer ◽  
Alexandre Hohl ◽  
Tânia A. S. S. Bachega
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Environmental Agencies

Environmental agencies have identified a growing number of environmental contaminants that have endocrine disrupting activity, and these can become a major public health problem. It is suggested that endocrine disruptors could account for the higher-than-expected increase in the prevalence of some non-communicable diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, thyroid diseases, and some cancers. Several endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs), such as pesticides, bisphenol A, phthalates, dioxins, and phytoestrogens, can interact with the female reproductive system and lead to endocrine disruption. Initially, it was assumed that EDCs exert their effects by binding to hormone receptors and transcription factors, but it is currently known that they may also alter the expression of enzymes involved in the synthesis or catabolism of steroids. Biomonitoring studies have identified these compounds in adults, children, pregnant women, and fetuses. Among the diseases of the female reproductive tract associated with EDCs exposure are the following: precocious puberty, polycystic ovary syndrome, and premature ovarian failure. The different populations of the world are exposed to a great number of chemicals through different routes of infection; despite the various available studies, there is still much doubt regarding the additive effect of a mixture of EDCs with similar mechanisms of action.

scholarly journals Assaying uptake of endocrine disruptor compounds in zebrafish embryos and larvae

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Paige Souder ◽  
Daniel A. Gorelick
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Cyclosporine A ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Environmental Endocrine Disruptors

AbstractTo study the effects of environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) on aquatic animals, embryos and larvae are typically incubated in water containing defined concentrations of EEDs. However, the amount of EED uptake into the animal is often difficult to determine. Using radiolabeled estradiol ([3H]E2), we previously developed a rapid, straightforward assay to measure estradiol uptake from water into zebrafish embryos and larvae. Here, we extend this approach to measure the uptake of two additional EEDs, bisphenol A (BPA) and ethinyl estradiol (EE2). As with E2, the uptake of each compound by individual larvae was low (< 6%), and increased with increasing concentration, duration, and developmental stage. We found that E2 and EE2 had similar uptake under equivalent exposure conditions, while BPA had comparatively lower uptake. One application of this assay is to test factors that influence EED uptake or efflux. It has been suggested that persistent organic pollutants (POPs) inhibit ABC transporters that may normally efflux EEDs and their metabolites, inducing toxicity in aquatic organisms. We measured [3H]E2 levels in zebrafish in the presence or absence of the POP PDBE-100, and cyclosporine A, a known inhibitor of ABC transporters. Neither chemical significantly affected [3H]E2 levels in zebrafish, suggesting that zebrafish maintain estradiol efflux in the presence of PDBE-100, independently of cyclosporine A-responsive transporters. These uptake results will be a valuable reference for EED exposure studies in developing zebrafish, and provide a rapid assay to screen for chemicals that influence estrogen-like EED levels in vivo.

scholarly journals Disruptores endocrinos y su camino hacia el desequilibrio metabólico

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
P. Sánchez ◽  
M. Zanabria ◽  
S. Latorre ◽  
J. Calvache ◽  
A. Coy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Endocrine Effects ◽  
Endocrine Effect ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting

El presente artículo de revisión tiene como objetivo presentar, de forma resumida, la evidencia que existe sobre las repercusiones metabólicas a nivel de obesidad y diabetes, que se genera como consecuencia de la exposición a sustancias químicas exógenas, denominadas disruptores endocrinos (DE), a las cuales nos exponemos de forma cotidiana y que afectan nuestra salud y la de nuestra descendencia. Adicionalmente, con la presente revisión hacemos un llamado no solo a la comunidad médica, sino a los sectores involucrados en la producción, distribución y reglamentación del uso de estas sustancias, pues cada vez hay más evidencia de los efectos nocivos que pueden generar y debemos evitar su uso. Los datos se obtuvieron de estudios clínicos aleatorizados y de una revisión en idioma español e inglés de los últimos 15 años, que incluyó los términos DeCS: disruptores endocrinos, con alternativa DeCS: sustancias disruptoras endocrinas y efecto disruptor endocrino, así como términos MeSH: endocrine disruptors y alternativas MeSH: disruptors, endocrine; endocrine disrupting chemicals; chemicals, endocrine disrupting; endocrine disruptor effect; disruptor effect, endocrine; effect, endocrine disruptor; endocrine disruptor effects; disruptor effects, endocrine; effects, endocrine disruptor.

scholarly journals Endocrine disrupting chemicals: harmful substances and how to test them

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolás Olea-Serrano ◽  
Mariana F. Fernández-Cabrera ◽  
Rosa Pulgar-Encinas ◽  
Fátima Olea-Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Endocrine Disruption ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Dose Time ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
Estimation Of Risk

This paper presents an analysis of the opinions of different groups from: scientists, international regulatory bodies, non-governmental organizations and industry; with an interest in the problem of identifying chemical substances with endocrine disrupting activity. There is also discussion of the consequences that exposure to endocrine disruptors may have for human health, considering concrete issues related to: the estimation of risk; the tests that must be used to detect endocrine disruption; the difficulties to establish an association between dose, time of exposure, individual susceptibility, and effect; and the attempts to create a census of endocrine disruptors. Finally, it is proposed that not all hormonal mimics should be included under the single generic denomination of endocrine disruptors.

Endocrine disruptors and polycystic ovary syndrome: a focus on Bisphenol A and its potential pathophysiological aspects

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Palioura ◽  
Eleni Kandaraki ◽  
Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
The Many

AbstractPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder of unknown etiology that may arise from a combination of a number of underlying genetic interactions and predispositions with environmental factors. Endocrine disruptors and, in particular, Bisphenol A may represent one of the many underlying causes of the syndrome as they are experimentally linked to metabolic and reproductive derangements resembling PCOS-related disorders. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals may act as an environmental modifier to worsen symptoms of PCOS in affected females or to contribute to the final phenotype of the syndrome in genetically predisposed individuals.

Effects of endocrine disruptors in aquatic mammals

2003 ◽  
Vol 75 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 2235-2247 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Fossi ◽  
Letizia Marsili
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Aquatic Food Chain ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Aquatic Food ◽  
Aquatic Mammals

In the last few decades, various studies have shown that aquatic mammals are sensitive to the toxicological effects of certain xenobiotic compounds, including the large class of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Since some EDCs, particularly organochlorines, tend to bioaccumulate and biomagnify in the aquatic food chain, various aquatic mammals, particularly those high in the food chain, such as pinnipeds, odontocete cetaceans, and polar bears, are potentially "at risk". The main aim of this chapter is to define the state of the art on effects of endocrine disruptors in aquatic mammals, both freshwater and marine. Another aim is to formulate recommendations for future research in this field and finally to define what can be done internationally for hazard/risk assessment and communication of the findings.

scholarly journals Micropellet Particles: A Vector of Hydrophobic Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Lagos Lagoon

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Olushola A. Abiodun ◽  
Fidelia I. Osuala ◽  
Adebayo A. Otitoloju ◽  
Carine M. D. Fotsing3 ◽  
Derek T. Ndinteh
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Sampling Station ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Lagos Lagoon ◽  
Negative Impacts

Introduction: The occurrence of plastic waste materials in the aquatic environment is receiving enormous attention all over the world due to its negative impacts on aquatic organisms. Micropellet litters have been found to adsorb and absorbs persistent organic endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Endocrine disrupting chemicals are recognized toxic chemicals to human and organisms. Aim: This study quantifies occurrence of micropellet particles in Lagos Lagoon and their EDCs contents. Methodology: The sampling was conducted from 2016 to 2018 at eight sampling locations with three points established in each of the sampling station. The chemical analysis of EDCs was conducted by gas chromatography coupled with electron capture detector and flame ionization detector. Results: Micropellet particles occurrence was highest in surface water (67%) compared to (33%) in sediment during the period of sampling. EDCs contents reflect contamination of PCBs and PAHs in the extracted micropellet particles. Some sampling stations contained relatively higher PAHs concentrations but very low concentration of PCBs. Conclusion: Since, micropellet particles and EDCs cannot be removed completely from the aquatic environment; reduction of impending hazards ought to rely on curtailing disposal of plastic materials and sensitizing the populace on general disposal methods in order to minimize interaction of plastic particles with EDCs which are likely to pose significant effects on aquatic fauna.

Diet: A Source of Endocrine Disruptors

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 633-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hina Rashid ◽  
Saad S. Alqahtani ◽  
Saeed Alshahrani
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Endocrine Disruption ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting

Background: Food is indispensable for human life and determines the health and wellbeing of the consumer. As food is the source of energy for humans, it also emerges as one of the most important sources of exposure to deleterious chemicals both natural and synthetic. The food exposed chemicals cause a number of detrimental health effects in humans, with endocrine disruption being of serious concern amongst these effects. Such chemicals disrupting the health of endocrine system are known as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). The food exposed EDCs need to be identified and classified to effectuate a cautious consumption of food by all and especially by vulnerable groups. Aim: The aim of the present review was to discuss food as a source of exposure to common endocrine disruptors in humans. This review presents the occurrence and levels of some of the critical endocrine disruptors exposed through frequently consumed diets. Methods: The major source of data was PubMed, besides other relevant publications. The focus was laid on data from the last five years, however significant earlier data was also considered. Conclusion: The food as a source of endocrine disruptors to humans cannot be neglected. It is highly imperative for the consumer to recognize food as a source of EDCs and make informed choices in the consumption of food items.

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