scholarly journals Disaster scene reconstruction: modeling, simulating, and planning in an urban disaster environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Herman
Keyword(s):  
First Responders ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Scene Reconstruction ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Simulated Environment ◽  
Urban Disaster ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Collapsed Buildings ◽  
Structural Inspection

Urban disasters are characterized by buildings collapsing. The rubble of collapsed buildings forms a chaotic, unplanned and unmapped environment in which emergency first responders must find the surviving occupants who are now trapped and hidden in the dangerous rubble. The more knowledge that search teams have pertaining to the resulting environment the better they are equipped to plan and rescue survivors. Our research demonstrates that simulations can be used to inspect urban disaster-related terrain remotely and safely within hours of the actual disaster. The Disaster Scene Reconstruction system allows for the creation of accurate 3D models and a simulation providing custom functionality --such as virtual structural inspection and--providing first responders the ability to plan actions in the simulated environment. The goal of this research is to demonstrate that the functionality we developed can be used to provide accurate information to users and potentially assist search and rescue planning efforts.

scholarly journals Disaster scene reconstruction: modeling, simulating, and planning in an urban disaster environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Herman
Keyword(s):  
First Responders ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Scene Reconstruction ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Simulated Environment ◽  
Urban Disaster ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Collapsed Buildings ◽  
Structural Inspection

Urban disasters are characterized by buildings collapsing. The rubble of collapsed buildings forms a chaotic, unplanned and unmapped environment in which emergency first responders must find the surviving occupants who are now trapped and hidden in the dangerous rubble. The more knowledge that search teams have pertaining to the resulting environment the better they are equipped to plan and rescue survivors. Our research demonstrates that simulations can be used to inspect urban disaster-related terrain remotely and safely within hours of the actual disaster. The Disaster Scene Reconstruction system allows for the creation of accurate 3D models and a simulation providing custom functionality --such as virtual structural inspection and--providing first responders the ability to plan actions in the simulated environment. The goal of this research is to demonstrate that the functionality we developed can be used to provide accurate information to users and potentially assist search and rescue planning efforts.

scholarly journals Dense cellular segmentation for EM using 2D–3D neural network ensembles

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Guay ◽  
Zeyad A. S. Emam ◽  
Adam B. Anderson ◽  
Maria A. Aronova ◽  
Irina D. Pokrovskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Semantic Segmentation ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Segmentation Task ◽  
Neural Network Ensembles

AbstractBiologists who use electron microscopy (EM) images to build nanoscale 3D models of whole cells and their organelles have historically been limited to small numbers of cells and cellular features due to constraints in imaging and analysis. This has been a major factor limiting insight into the complex variability of cellular environments. Modern EM can produce gigavoxel image volumes containing large numbers of cells, but accurate manual segmentation of image features is slow and limits the creation of cell models. Segmentation algorithms based on convolutional neural networks can process large volumes quickly, but achieving EM task accuracy goals often challenges current techniques. Here, we define dense cellular segmentation as a multiclass semantic segmentation task for modeling cells and large numbers of their organelles, and give an example in human blood platelets. We present an algorithm using novel hybrid 2D–3D segmentation networks to produce dense cellular segmentations with accuracy levels that outperform baseline methods and approach those of human annotators. To our knowledge, this work represents the first published approach to automating the creation of cell models with this level of structural detail.

scholarly journals Exploiting Textured 3D Models for Developing Serious Games

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-5/W7 ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kontogianni ◽  
A. Georgopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Serious Games ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Serious Game ◽  
Educational Game ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Military Applications ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Textured Models

Digital technologies have affected significantly many fields of computer graphics such as Games and especially the field of the Serious Games. These games are usually used for educational proposes in many fields such as Health Care, Military applications, Education, Government etc. Especially Digital Cultural Heritage is a scientific area that Serious Games are applied and lately many applications appear in the related literature. Realistic 3D textured models which have been produced using different photogrammetric methods could be a useful tool for the creation of Serious Game applications in order to make the final result more realistic and close to the reality. The basic goal of this paper is how 3D textured models which are produced by photogrammetric methods can be useful for developing a more realistic environment of a Serious Game. The application of this project aims at the creation of an educational game for the Ancient Agora of Athens. The 3D models used vary not only as far as their production methods (i.e. Time of Flight laser scanner, Structure from Motion, Virtual historical reconstruction etc.) is concerned, but also as far as their era as some of them illustrated according to their existing situation and some others according to how these monuments looked like in the past. The Unity 3D<sup>®</sup> game developing environment was used for creating this application, in which all these models were inserted in the same file format. For the application two diachronic virtual tours of the Athenian Agora were produced. The first one illustrates the Agora as it is today and the second one at the 2nd century A.D. Finally the future perspective for the evolution of this game is presented which includes the addition of some questions that the user will be able to answer. Finally an evaluation is scheduled to be performed at the end of the project.

scholarly journals From survey to semantic representation for Cultural Heritage: the 3D modeling of recurring architectural elements

ACTA IMEKO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Valeria Croce ◽  
Gabriella Caroti ◽  
Andrea Piemonte ◽  
Marco Giorgio Bevilacqua
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Semantic Representation ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Integrated Programs ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Historical Sites

The digitization of Cultural Heritage paves the way for new approaches to surveying and restitution of historical sites. With a view to the management of integrated programs of documentation and conservation, the research is now focusing on the creation of information systems where to link the digital representation of a building to semantic knowledge. With reference to the emblematic case study of the Calci Charterhouse, also known as Pisa Charterhouse, this contribution illustrates an approach to be followed in the transition from 3D survey information, derived from laser scanner and photogrammetric techniques, to the creation of semantically enriched 3D models. The proposed approach is based on the recognition -segmentation and classification- of elements on the original raw point cloud, and on the manual mapping of NURBS elements on it. For this shape recognition process, reference to architectural treatises and vocabularies of classical architecture is a key step. The created building components are finally imported in a H-BIM environment, where they are enriched with semantic information related to historical knowledge, documentary sources and restoration activities.

scholarly journals Creation of virtual 3D models of the existing architectonic structures using the web resources

Spatium ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petar Pejic ◽  
Sonja Krasic
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Web Resources ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Physical Presence ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

Digital three-dimensional models of the existing architectonic structures are created for the purpose of digitalization of the archive documents, presentation of buildings or an urban entity or for conducting various analyses and tests. Traditional methods for the creation of 3D models of the existing buildings assume manual measuring of their dimensions, using the photogrammetry method or laser scanning. Such approaches require considerable time spent in data acquisition or application of specific instruments and equipment. The goal of this paper is presentation of the procedure for the creation of 3D models of the existing structures using the globally available web resources and free software packages on standard PCs. This shortens the time of the production of a digital three-dimensional model of the structure considerably and excludes the physical presence at the location. In addition, precision of this method was tested and compared with the results acquired in a previous research.

scholarly journals Strategies to Locate Lost Persons with Dementia: A Case Study of Ontario First Responders

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
N. A. Neubauer ◽  
A. Miguel-Cruz ◽  
L. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Practice Guideline ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Police Services ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Missing Persons ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
Funding Information

Information on strategies and practices in the search of missing persons with dementia is inconsistent which creates challenges for first responders, such as police, when they choose appropriate search and rescue approaches. The purpose of this study was to describe current strategies among police services in Ontario. Telephone interviews with police were conducted. Questions included what strategies were used for locating missing persons living with dementia, and what gaps exist in search practices. Participants described they used high- and low-tech solutions in search and rescue. They identified gaps in education and awareness, proactive strategies, resources, and funding. Information collected from the interviews was used to develop a practice guideline for police in partnership with the Alzheimer Society of Ontario.

scholarly journals Devices for Continuous Recording of "Integral ECG" for Determining Vital Physiological Indicators of a Person's State and Their use in Bio Cybernetic Complexes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogatyrev Evgeniy ◽  
Kodkin Vladimir
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Continuous Recording ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The Creation

One of the rapidly developing research areas is the creation of systems. which are commonly referred to as cyberphysical complexes. In such systems, devices and complexes interact with a completely different physical nature. The role of a person in such systems usually consists in the formation of final tasks for &ldquo;artificial intelligence&rdquo; and executive mechanisms. The functioning of actuators is controlled by accurate information systems.

Shape from Profiles

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Cipolla ◽  
Kwan-Yee K. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Motion Estimation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Model Estimation ◽  
Model Reconstruction ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Way

This chapter discusses profiles or outlines which are dominant features of images. Profiles can be extracted easily and reliably from the images and can provide information on the shape and motion of an object. Classical techniques for motion estimation and model reconstruction are highly dependent on point and line correspondences, hence they cannot be applied directly to profiles which are viewpoint dependent. The limitations of classical techniques paved the way for the creation of different sets of algorithms specific to profiles. In this chapter, the focus is on state-of-the-art algorithms for model reconstruction and model estimation from profiles. These new sets of algorithms are capable of reconstructing any kind of objects including smooth and textureless surfaces. They also render convincing 3D models, reinforcing the practicality of the algorithm.

Three-Dimensional Scene Reconstruction

2011 ◽  
pp. 142-162
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Chrysostomou ◽  
Antonios Gasteratos
Keyword(s):  
Vision System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Scene Reconstruction ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Vision Systems ◽  
Working Space ◽  
Scene Structure ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Dimensional Surface

The production of 3D models has been a popular research topic already for a long time, and important progress has been made since the early days. During the last decades, vision systems have established to become the standard and one of the most efficient sensorial assets in industrial and everyday applications. Due to the fact that vision provides several vital attributes, many applications tend to use novel vision systems into domestic, working, industrial, and any other environments. To achieve such goals, a vision system should robustly and effectively reconstruct the 3D surface and the working space. This chapter discusses different methods for capturing the three-dimensional surface of a scene. Geometric approaches to three-dimensional scene reconstruction are generally based on the knowledge of the scene structure from the camera’s internal and external parameters. Another class of methods encompasses the photometric approaches, which evaluate the pixels’ intensity to understand the three-dimensional scene structure. The third and final category of approaches, the so-called real aperture approaches, includes methods that use the physical properties of the visual sensors for image acquisition in order to reproduce the depth information of a scene.

scholarly journals A New Fast and Low-Cost Photogrammetry Method for the Engineering Characterization of Rock Slopes

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francioni ◽  
Simone ◽  
Stead ◽  
Sciarra ◽  
Mataloni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure From Motion ◽  
Engineering Geology ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Digital Photogrammetry ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
The Creation

Digital photogrammetry (DP) represents one of the most used survey techniques in engineering geology. The availability of new high-resolution digital cameras and photogrammetry software has led to a step-change increase in the quality of engineering and structural geological data that can be collected. In particular, the introduction of the structure from motion methodology has led to a significant increase in the routine uses of photogrammetry in geological and engineering geological practice, making this method of survey easier and more attractive. Using structure from motion methods, the creation of photogrammetric 3D models is now easier and faster, however the use of ground control points to scale/geo-reference the models are still required. This often leads to the necessity of using total stations or Global Positioning System (GPS) for the acquisition of ground control points. Although the integrated use of digital photogrammetry and total station/GPS is now common practice, it is clear that this may not always be practical or economically convenient due to the increase in cost of the survey. To address these issues, this research proposes a new method of utilizing photogrammetry for the creation of georeferenced and scaled 3D models not requiring the use of total stations and GPS. The method is based on the use of an object of known geometry located on the outcrop during the survey. Targets located on such objects are used as ground control points and their coordinates are calculated using a simple geological compass and trigonometric formula or CAD 3D software. We present three different levels of survey using (i) a calibrated digital camera, (ii) a non-calibrated digital camera and (iii) two commercial smartphones. The data obtained using the proposed approach and the three levels of survey methods have been validated against a laser scanning (LS) point cloud. Through this validation we highlight the advantages and limitations of the proposed method, suggesting potential applications in engineering geology.

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