scholarly journals Viabilitas Benih Jagung Lokal yang diberi Tepung Daun Tembelekan (Lantana camara Linn) dalam Pencegahan Serangan Sitophilus zeamais Motsch (Coleoptera:Curculionidae) Selama Penyimpanan

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Anna Tefa ◽  
Alexander Kehi Klau ◽  
Origenes Boy Kapitan
Keyword(s):  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais Motsch

Sitophilus zeamais Motsch (Coleoptera:Curculionidae) sering menyerang benih jagung selama periode penyimpanan sehingga dapat menurunkan viabilitas benih. Tembelekan (Lantana camara linn) memproduksi senyawa metabolit sekunder yang dapat berperan melindungi jagung dari gangguan Sitophilus zeamais. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mencegah serangan hama Sitophilus zeamais dengan tepung daun tembelekan untuk meningkatkan viabilitas benih jagung selama penyimpanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah takaran tepung tembelekan, yang terdiri dari empat level yakni T0: tanpa tepung, T1: 10% w/w, T2: 15% w/w, T3: 20% w/w. Faktor kedua adalah lama kontak penyimpanan yang terdiri dari 3 level yakni M0: 1 minggu, M1: 2 minggu, dan M2: 3 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interkasi perlakuan tepung daun tembelekan dan periode simpan mampu mempertahankan viabilitas dan vigor benih jagung lokal pada peubah potensi tumbuh maksimum 97,33%, kecepatan tumbuh 19,06%/etmal, indeks vigor 71% dan berat kering kecambah normal 5,4 gram.

scholarly journals Effects of Essential Oils from 24 Plant Species on Sitophilus zeamais Motsch (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 532
Author(s):  
William R. Patiño-Bayona ◽  
Leidy J. Nagles Galeano ◽  
Jenifer J. Bustos Cortes ◽  
Wilman A. Delgado Ávila ◽  
Eddy Herrera Daza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Stored Products ◽  
Collateral Damage ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais Motsch

Chemical control of the maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) has been ineffective and presents serious collateral damage. Among plant-derived insecticides, essential oils (EOs) are suitable candidates to control this stored products pest. In this work, the insecticidal activities of 45 natural EOs against S. zeamais adults were screened, and the most promising ones (24 EOs) were characterized by GC–MS. The repellent and toxic effects (contact and fumigant) of these 24 EOs were determined, and by a cluster analysis they were classified into two groups considering its fumigant activity and contact toxicity. For the EOs with the highest fumigant potential (14 oils) and their main active constituents (17 compounds), lethal concentrations were determined. The most active EOs were those obtained from L. stoechas and L. alba, with LC50 values of 303.4 and 254.1 µL/L air and characterized by a high content of monoterpenes. Regarding the major compounds, the oxygenated monoterpenes R-(+)-pulegone (LC50 = 0.580 mg/L air), S-(-)-pulegone (LC50 = 0.971 mg/L air) and R-(-)-carvone (LC50 = 1.423 mg/L air) were the most active, as few variations in their concentrations significantly increased insect mortality.

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