scholarly journals Effects of Essential Oils from 24 Plant Species on Sitophilus zeamais Motsch (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 532
Author(s):  
William R. Patiño-Bayona ◽  
Leidy J. Nagles Galeano ◽  
Jenifer J. Bustos Cortes ◽  
Wilman A. Delgado Ávila ◽  
Eddy Herrera Daza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Stored Products ◽  
Collateral Damage ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais Motsch

Chemical control of the maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) has been ineffective and presents serious collateral damage. Among plant-derived insecticides, essential oils (EOs) are suitable candidates to control this stored products pest. In this work, the insecticidal activities of 45 natural EOs against S. zeamais adults were screened, and the most promising ones (24 EOs) were characterized by GC–MS. The repellent and toxic effects (contact and fumigant) of these 24 EOs were determined, and by a cluster analysis they were classified into two groups considering its fumigant activity and contact toxicity. For the EOs with the highest fumigant potential (14 oils) and their main active constituents (17 compounds), lethal concentrations were determined. The most active EOs were those obtained from L. stoechas and L. alba, with LC50 values of 303.4 and 254.1 µL/L air and characterized by a high content of monoterpenes. Regarding the major compounds, the oxygenated monoterpenes R-(+)-pulegone (LC50 = 0.580 mg/L air), S-(-)-pulegone (LC50 = 0.971 mg/L air) and R-(-)-carvone (LC50 = 1.423 mg/L air) were the most active, as few variations in their concentrations significantly increased insect mortality.

scholarly journals PROTECTANT EFFICACY OF DENNETIA TRIPETALA BAK. (F) (ANNONACEAE) EXTRACTS AND DELTAMETHRIN AGAINST SITOPHILUS ZEAMAIS MOTSCH (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) IN STORED MAIZE

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Nnaemeka Joe Okonkwo ◽  
MaryGeraldine Ebele Ejiofor ◽  
Christian Chukwunenye Iwuagwu ◽  
Uwaoma Otuodichimma Aguwa ◽  
Ibeabuchi Uko
Keyword(s):  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Progeny Production ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Grain Damage ◽  
Old Adult ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Acetone Extracts ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais Motsch

The use of plant products has shown great potentials as alternatives to synthetic insecticides. The present studies investigated the efficacy of Dennetia tripetala and Deltamethrin as grain protectants against adult Sitophilus zeamais in stored maize. Acetone extracts of D. tripetala and Deltamthrin 12.5EC were evaluated in the laboratory based on insect mortality, progeny production and grain damage.  Five concentration levels of each toxicant were prepared including 20mls, 15mls, 10mls, 5mls and 1ml for D. tripetala and 1ml, 0.5ml, 0.25ml, 0.1ml and 0.01ml for Deltamethrin. Controls with no toxicants were included. The design of the experiment was a CRD and each repeated 4 times. Twenty grams of insect-free maize were measured into each replicate vial and infested with ten, 1-5-days old adult insects.  Mortality was recorded at 12, 24, 48- and 72-hours post-treatment. After 35 days, progeny production and number of damaged grains were recorded. Data obtained were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 13. The results indicated that Deltamethrin was more toxic than Dennetia tripetala, however, at 10mls-20mls, D. tripetala showed moderate toxicity against S. zeamais. Comparative mortalities of the two toxicants indicated that Deltamethrin was significantly (P < 0.05) more toxic than D. tripetala at all levels. The studies however, revealed that the application of D. tripetala in controlling S. zeamais could be effective at higher concentrations. Therefore, it was suggested that D. tripetala should be applied at higher concentrations for effective control of maize weevil.  

scholarly journals Insectıcıdal actıvıtıes of Anethum graveolens and Illıcıum verum essentıal oıls agaınst Sıtophılus zeamaıs

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
Mukesh K Chaubey
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Toxicity Assay ◽  
Star Anise

Inappropriate use of synthetic insecticides in pest management programs contribute in ozone depletion, neurotoxicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, mutagenesis and resistance. These negative outcomes have diverted attention towards the use of plant products in insect’s population management. In this study, dill (Anethum graveolens) and star anise (Ilicium verum) essential oils were isolated by hydrodistillation method using clevenger apparatus, and evaluated for repellent, toxic and oviposition inhibitory potential against maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) by fumigation and contact methods. In toxicity assay by fumigation method, median lethal concentrations (LC50) recorded were 0.316 and 0.243 μlcm-3 air; 0.362 and 0.284 μlcm-3; and 0.497 and 0.418 μlcm-3 of A. graveolens and I. verum oils and pure limonene after 24 and 48h exposure to S. zeamais adults, respectively. In contact toxicity assay, LC50 were 0.219 and 0.159 μlcm-2 area; 0.269 and 0.226 μlcm-2; and 0.567 and 0.386 μlcm-2 of A. graveolens and I. verum oils and pure limonene after 24 and 48 h exposure to S. zeamais adults, respectively. Both A. graveolens and I. verum oils and limonene reduced progeny production and acetylcholinesterase activity in S. zeamais adults when fumigated with sub-lethal concentrations. The outcomes of this study will help in preparation of essential oil based formulations for stored grain insect pest management.

scholarly journals Evaluation of freshly prepared juice from garlic (Allium sativum L.) as a biopesticide against the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifeanyi Daniel Nwachukwu ◽  
Elechi Franca Asawalam
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais Motsch

Abstract Freshly prepared garlic (Allium sativum L.) juice, containing the antimicrobial allicin, was evaluated as a possible grain pro-tectant against the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.). Each experiment was set out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications, and there was a control treatment. Adult mortality and weight loss percentage were investigated. There was an observed increase in adult mortality following days of exposure in all treatments. Statistically significant (p < 0.05) reduced grain loss was also observed in all the treatments when compared with the control. The juice samples were freshly prepared from an indigenous Nigerian garlic cultivar (GUN) and a cultivar purchased from a supermarket in Germany (GAG). These garlic juice samples exhibited lethal effects causing at least 90% adult mortality in contact toxicity tests. The amount of allicin in GUN was 1.88 mg/ml according to High Pressure Liquids Chromatography (HPLC) analysis, while the amount of allicin in GAG was 3.50 mg/ml. This study highlights the potential of A. sativum containing allicin for biorational control of maize grains against S. zeamais infestation and damage.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Activities of Five Essential Oils against the Stored Maize Weevil

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwakemi O. Odeyemi ◽  
Patrick Masika ◽  
Anthony J. Afolayan
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Repellent Effect ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Class V ◽  
Tagetes Minuta ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis L ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Contact Bioassay ◽  
Weak Contact

The contact, repellent and fumigation effects of essential oils from Tagetes minuta L., Mentha longifolia L., Rosmarinus officinalis L., Helichrysum odoratissimum L. and Pelargonium graveolens L. were investigated against maize weevil, S. zeamais (Motschulsky) (Colepotera: Curculionidae). The effects of the oils were dose-dependent with gradual increases in insect mortality as the oil concentrations increased. For the contact bioassay, the oils of T. minuta and M. longifolia acted rapidly, causing 100% mortality within two days after treatment at 0.375 and 0.50 μL/g grain concentrations, respectively. The repellent effect of these two oils against S. zeamais was also well pronounced. A Percentage Repellency (PR) value of more than 90% was obtained for the two oils, which puts them in the highest repellency class V. The level of repellency caused by the essential oils of R. officinalis, H. odoratissimum and P. graveolens were 51.1%, 49.4% and 51.7%, respectively. However, most of the oils demonstrated very low fumigation activity against the weevil. For the fumigation bioassay, all the oil concentrations tested did not achieve insect mortality more than 12.5%, even six days after treatment, except for the oil of M. longifolia that exhibited over 70% mortality at 32 μL/L of air. The present study revealed that the essential oils of R. officinalis, H. odoratissimum and P. graveolens had weak contact and fumigation effects against S. zeamais.

Essential Oils ofLippiaSpecies in Kenya. IV: Maize Weevil (Sitophilus Zeamais) Repellancy and Larvicidal Activity

1992 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Mwangi ◽  
I. Addae-Mensah ◽  
G. Muriuki ◽  
R. Munavu ◽  
W. Lwande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Maize Weevil

Essential oil of Ocotea odorifera: An alternative against Sitophilus zeamais

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Altemir J. Mossi ◽  
Camila A. Zanella ◽  
Gabriela Kubiak ◽  
Lindomar A. Lerin ◽  
Rogerio L. Cansian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Repellent Effect ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Plant Oil ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
Effect Level ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides

AbstractNowadays, the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais—Motsch 1855 is the most relevant pest found during storage of maize grains. Aiming at protecting the agricultural crops, high amounts of synthetic pesticides are used around the world. In this sense, this work aimed at evaluating the insecticidal and repellent effect of essential oil of Ocotea odorifera (Vellozo) Rohwer (Lauraceae) (O. odorifera (sassafras)) leaves against the maize weevil in maize grains. The essential oil's chemical composition showed that sassafras contains camphor (43%) and safrole (42%) as major compounds. Our results show that sassafras oil was insecticidal and repellent to maize weevil. About 100% mortality was achieved using a concentration of 0.32 μl cm−2, after 24 h of exposure. The LD50 value was 14.1 μl or 0.09 μl cm−2 and the study of the effect on insect mortality at the lethal doses (LD50) showed that after 72 h mortality was 100%. The values of the preference index varied from −0.39 (0.065 μl cm−2) to −0.63 (0.659 μl cm−2), demonstrating that the plant oil presents repellent activity. The repellency bioassay simulating small bins showed the repellent effect level from 0.64 (0.36 μl cm−3) to 0.94 (2.9 μl cm−3). The essential oil of sassafras presented insecticidal and repellency against maize weevil. Although from an economical point of view synthetic chemicals are still more frequently used as repellents, natural products (essential oils) have the potential to provide efficient and safer repellents for humans and the environment.

scholarly journals The Insecticide Toxicity and Repelling Ability of Jeruk Purut (Citrus hystrix D.C) Leaf Extract on Maize Weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motsch)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfia Wulansari ◽  
Nur Rochman ◽  
Setyono Setyono
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Insecticide Toxicity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais Motsch

Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. is a primary storage insect pest damaging maize grains. Control of S. zeamais can be done by applying biopesticide. This study was aimed at assessing the ability of Jeruk Purut leaf extract, as biopesticide, to kill and repel Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. The study was conducted at Entomology Laboratory, Seameo Biotrop in March to August 2018. A completely randomized design with three replicates in each rate of Jeruk Purut leaf extract was used. In preliminary pesticide toxicity experiment, five rates of Jeruk Purut leaf extract, namely 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% were applied. In preliminary repelling ability experiment, five rates of Jeruk Purut leaf extract, namely 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% were applied. In the main pesticide toxicity and repelling ability trial, five rates of Jeruk Purut leaf extract, namely 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15% were applied. Results showed that in 24 hour after treating (HAT) no significant effects were found. Significant effects of Jeruk Purut leaf extract as insecticide on S. zeamais were found in 48 and 72 HAT. The highest mortality rate (82.2%) of S. zeamais was found in 15% rate of Jeruk Purut leaf extract in 72 HAT. The application of Jeruk Purut leaf extract was not found to give significant effects on repelling S. zeamais in 24, 48, and 72 HAT as indicated in their sharply fluctuating repellent values. The highest repelling ability (95%) was found in the application of 9% Jeruk Purut leaf extract in 24 HAT. It was concluded that Jeruk Purut leaf extract was more potential as insecticide repellent for Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. Key words: biopesticide, repellent, insecticide, maize, primary storage insect pest

scholarly journals SPICES PLANT AS BIOINSECTICIDES FOR CONTROLLING MAIZE WEEVIL SITOPHILUS ZEAMAIS (MOSTCH) Pemanfaatan Tanaman Rempah sebagai Pestisida Nabati untuk Penanggulangan Hama Kumbang Bubuk Jagung Sitophilus zeamais (Mostch)

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ayyub Arrahman ◽  
Muhammad Sudjak Saenong
Keyword(s):  
Storage Period ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Plant Pests ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Corn Kernels ◽  
Chili Peppers ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais Motsch

<p>Indonesia has numerous and varied natural resources of spices plant which grow at almost all theregions. These plants can grow and adapt to the slightly diverse agroecological conditions and agroecosystems, from dry to wet. In general, the utilization of these plants by the community is still limited as ingredients and spices for culinary and flavoring instead of the potential of bioactive compounds contained therein. These resourcesare very useful and effective utilized asbioinsecticides to eradicate plant pests and diseases, as well as medicine for human. This paper discussed the benefits and efficacy of several spiceplants, namely lemongrass, shallots, garlic, sweet and chili peppers, clove, sand ginger (kencur), and pepper as herbicides at various levels of dosage and treatments. This manuscript also discussed the constraints and development strategies, and aimed to provide information on the science and technology in controlling the Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch) pests in corn kernels during the storage period. It is expected that this paper would be useful for the policy makers, academicians, researchers and practitioners who have the competence to deal with beetle pest problems.</p><p>Keywords: Spices, bioinsecticides, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch), controlling</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Tanaman rempah yang tumbuh di hampir seluruh wilayah Indonesia sangat beragam. Tanaman ini beradaptasi pada berbagai agroekologi dan agroekosistem, mulai dari wilayah beriklim kering sampai beriklim basah. Pemanfaatan tanaman ini oleh masyarakat umumnya masih terbatas sebagai bahan rempah dan bumbu kuliner, penyedap masakan dan cita rasa, padahal senyawa bioaktif yang terkandung di dalamnya potensial sebagai pestisida nabati untuk membasmi hama penyakit tanaman dan bahan obat kesehatan manusia. Tulisan ini membahas manfaat dan kemanjuran dari beberapa tanaman rempah, yakni tanaman sereh, bawang merah, bawang putih, lombok merah, cengkeh, kencur, dan lada sebagai pestsisida nabati dalam berbagai dosis dan ragam perlakuan. Kendala dan strategi pengembangan pestisida nabati bagi penggulangan hama kumbang bubuk perlu mendapat perhatian yang tidak saja untuk kepentingan masyarakat luas, namun diperlukan sebagai informasi ilmu dan teknologi penanganan hama secara terpadu.</p><p>Kata kunci: tanaman rempah, bioinsektisida, hama kumbang bubuk, pengendalian</p>

scholarly journals Activités antioxydante et insecticide d’huiles essentielles de Mentha arvensis L. du Sénégal

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 966-975
Author(s):  
Serigne Mbacké Diop ◽  
Momar Talla Gueye ◽  
El Hadji Barka Ndiaye ◽  
Abdoulaye Thiam ◽  
Papa Seyni Cissokho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Mentha Arvensis ◽  
Composition Chimique ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais Motsch ◽  
Insecticidal Activities

Ce travail s'inscrit dans le contexte global de valorisation de la biodiversité des plantes aromatiques du Sénégal. L’objectif de l’étude était de déterminer la composition chimique d’huiles essentielles (HE) de Mentha arvensis L. et d’évaluer leurs activités antioxydante et insecticide. A cet effet, des feuilles de M. arvensis ont été récoltées dans la région de Dakar (Sénégal) et séchées à l'ombre puis leurs HE extraites par entrainement à la vapeur d'eau. Les HE obtenues ont été analysées par chromatographie en phase gazeuse (CPG) couplée à un détecteur à ionisation de flamme (FID) et un spectromètre de masse (MS). L’activité antioxydante des HE a été évaluée par la méthode d’inhibition du radical 2,2-diphényl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) tandis que l’activité insecticide a été testée par fumigation contre Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.). Les résultats ont montré que les HE contiennent principalement du menthol (68,4%), de l’acétate de menthyle (16,9%) et de la menthone (5,0%). Leur activité antioxydante augmente avec la concentration, soient 38%, 57% et 73% d’inhibition respectivement pour 10, 25 et 50 mg/ml ; la CI50 est de 19,5 mg/ml. Les huiles présentent aussi une activité insecticide. Cette dernière bien qu’étant faible après 24 heures, augmente fortement au bout de 48 heures avec une mortalité maximale de 92%. Cette mortalité atteint des maximums de 98% pour 5 et 25 μl et 100% pour 50 et 75 μl après 72 heures.   English title: Antioxidant and insecticidal activities of essential oils of Mentha arvensis L. from Senegal This work is part of the global context of valorization of the biodiversity of aromatic plants from Senegal. The aim of the study is to determine the chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) of Mentha arvensis L. and to evaluate their antioxidant and insecticidal activities. For this purpose, leaves of M. arvensis were harvested in Dakar region, Senegal and dried in the shade. EOs were extracted by steam distillation from dried leaves and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) coupled to a flame ionization detector (FID) and a mass spectrometer (MS). The antioxidant activity of EOs was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method while the insecticidal activity was tested by fumigation against Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.). The results revealed that EOs were dominated by menthol (68.4%), menthyl acetate (16.9%) and menthone (5.0%). The antioxidant activity assay showed that the inhibition increased with the concentration: 38%, 57% and 73% for 10, 25 and 50 mg/ml, respectively; the IC50 was of 19.5 mg/ml. The oils were also effective as insecticide. Mortalities were low after 24 hours and increased strongly after 48 hours with a maximum of 92%. They reached a maximum of 98% for 5 and 25 μl and 100% for 50 and 75 μl after 72 hours.    

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