Book Reviews

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
Kurdish Studies Kurdish Studies
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Middle East ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Stanford University ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan ◽  
Nationalism And Identity ◽  
Late Ottoman Empire ◽  
Late Ottoman

David L. Phillips, The Kurdish Spring: A New Map of the Middle East, New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers, 2015. 268 pp., (ISBN-13: 978-1412856805).Bedross Der Matossian, Shattered Dreams of Revolution: From Liberty to Violence in the Late Ottoman Empire, Stanford, California : Stanford University Press, 2014, 264 pp., (ISBN: 9780804791472).  Yaniv Voller, The Kurdish Liberation Movement in Iraq: From Insurgency to Statehood, Oxon: Routledge, 2014, 190 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-415-70724-4).Özlem Galip, Imagining Kurdistan: Identity, Culture and Society, London and New York: I.B. Tauris, 2015, 311 pp., (ISBN: 978 1 78453 016 7).Mahir A. Aziz, The Kurds of Iraq: Nationalism and Identity in Iraqi Kurdistan, London and New York:  I.B. Taurus, 2015, 163 pp., (ISBN: 978-1-78453-273-4).

scholarly journals Institutional solutions for sectarian conflicts in the Middle East in the context of imperial legacy

2021 ◽  
pp. 140-164
Author(s):  
Irina Kudryashova ◽  
Alexander Kozintsev
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Late Ottoman Empire ◽  
Ethnocultural Diversity ◽  
Late Ottoman

The article focuses on the nature of sectarian conflicts in the Middle East as well as ways to resolve this and possible transformations. We assume that the rising level of ethnic confrontation stems from the disruption of governance regimes established during the Ottoman Empire. Hence, the research question states as follows: are there any ways to use the imperial practices of ethnocultural diversity management as the institutional framework for the resolution of current sectarian conflicts? By applying a structural functional approach, we identify the political space of the late Ottoman Empire, its main elements and constellation. We show that the process of statebuilding in the Middle East resulted in the decay of social ties between local communities and the increase of ethnic violence. These claims are confirmed by comparative analysis of a number of conflicts. It is found that the institutional framework for conflict resolution in Arab states should be based on political devolution and powerdividing agreements. This allows to reset inactive imperial practices in order to mitigate violence and enhance legitimacy. We point out that among the various reforms designed to achieve harmonization of formal and informal political institutions are federalization, non-territorial autonomy, consociationalism and local governance.

Caravan Trade in the Late Ottoman Empire: the ʿAqīl Network and the Institutionalization of Overland Trade

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 38-72
Author(s):  
Philippe Pétriat
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
Late Ottoman Empire ◽  
19Th And 20Th Century ◽  
Late Ottoman

AbstractBuilding on recent works on Central Asia and using Ottoman, Arabic and European sources, this article challenges the idea that caravan trade was declining in the 19th and 20th-century Ottoman Middle East. It explores the caravan trade’s economic and political dimensions from the Gulf to Syria. This trade’s resurgence was simultaneous with the reassertion of imperial control over the steppe. In that changing context, the institutionalization of caravan trade by groups such as the ʿAqīl traders kept overland trade lively and arguably competitive.

scholarly journals Ethnic identity and cultural misattribution in early Ottoman photography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra Tavukciyan
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Public Library ◽  
New York Public Library ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
Late Ottoman Empire ◽  
Sentient Beings ◽  
Muslim Minorities ◽  
Late Ottoman

When photography was first introduced in the Ottoman Empire, Islamic laws forbade the production of images of sentient beings and therefore the practice of photography to the Muslim majority. Non-Muslim minorities, in particular the Armenians, thus became significant producers of photographic practices and traditions in the late Ottoman Empire. Until the present, however, cataloguing practices have not reflected the complexity of Ottoman society, resulting in an inadequate if not misleading representation of Armenian photographers, and their contributions. Using the photographs of Gabriel Lekegian, Pascal Sébah and Jean Pascal Sébah housed in the New York Public Library this thesis investigates the extent to which the Armenian community was involved with the development, production and circulation of Ottoman photography and argues for the inclusion of their ethnic identities in catalogue records so as to begin to identify the distinct characteristics or aesthetic qualities inherent in the Armenian photographic tradition.

scholarly journals Review of Lorenzo Kamel, The Middle East: From Empire to Sealed Identities

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Ammar
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Historical View ◽  
Late Ottoman Empire ◽  
Late Ottoman ◽  
Middle East History

While the scholarly literature is replete with works claiming a comprehensive analysis of modern Middle East history, few authors have actually built their investigation on identity-related perspectives. Indeed, the book, The Middle East: From Empire to Sealed Identities, proved faithful to its title, providing a clear historical view of the processes that turned the fluid and multifaceted distinctiveness, which characterised the peoples of this region under the late Ottoman Empire, into sealed-off identities... 

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