Migration and the Internet

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas John Cooke ◽  
Ian Shuttleworth
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Dynamics Models

It is widely presumed that information and communication technologies, or ICTs, enable migration in several ways; primarily by reducing the costs of migration. However, a reconsideration of the relationship between ICTs and migration suggests that ICTs may just as well hinder migration; primarily by reducing the costs of not moving.  Using data from the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics, models that control for sources of observed and unobserved heterogeneity indicate a strong negative effect of ICT use on inter-state migration within the United States. These results help to explain the long-term decline in internal migration within the United States.

scholarly journals Tenure, Turnover, And Earnings Profiles In Germany And The United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth A. Couch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Job Turnover ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Employment Tenure ◽  
Returns To Experience ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Male Workers

Employment tenure, job turnover and returns to general and specific skills are examined for male workers in Germany and the United States using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics.  Employment in Germany is characterized by longer duration and less frequent turnover than in the United States.  Returns to experience and tenure are lower in Germany than in the U.S.; however, peak earnings occur later.  This delayed peak in the employment-earnings profile provides an incentive for German workers to remain longer with their employers and change jobs less frequently.

Rules for State Conduct in the Cyber Domain

2019 ◽  
pp. 203-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Raymond
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Internet Governance ◽  
Lower Priority ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Conscious Process ◽  
Rule Making ◽  
Governance Arrangements

This chapter explains the puzzling 2013 agreement of the UN Group of Governmental Experts (GGE) on cybersecurity that existing international law applies to state military use of information and communication technologies (ICTs), and the 2015 GGE report that extended the consensus reached in 2013. These important developments in the emergence of rules and norms for cyberspace took place despite deteriorating relations between the United States and Russia. They also took place despite increasing global contention over Internet governance and cybersecurity issues more broadly, and occurred with less controversy than related (but lower-priority) Internet governance issues. The chapter argues that the 2013 and 2015 GGE reports were reached in large part as a result of a conscious process of rule-making and interpretation structured by agreed-upon secondary rules, and that the timing of the agreements reflected emerging consensus among participants despite remaining divergence on substantive preferences about governance arrangements for cyberspace.

scholarly journals Features of the development of the field of information and communication technologies in the United States of America in 2020–2021

2021 ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Alexandra Kukharenko
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Active Implementation

The article describes the features of the development of the field of information and communication technologies in the century of digital transformation of society, the active implementation of innovative technological developments in economic and social processes, provides an analysis of the pace of development of the industry of information and communication technologies in the United States of America, describes the changes that have occurred associated with the global pandemic in 2020-2021.

An Empirical Evaluation of E-Government Inclusion Among the Digitally Disadvantaged in the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice C. Sipior ◽  
Burke T. Ward ◽  
Regina Connolly
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Community Organizing ◽  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disadvantaged Community ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Government Websites ◽  
Government Website

The authors undertake an exploratory study, in the context of a digitally disadvantaged community in the United States, to determine what factors are associated with e-government website visitation. Following a community-based initiative, designed to stimulate computer literacy and access to information and communication technologies for residents and neighbors of an underserved public housing community, a survey of e-government website visitation was undertaken. The results indicate that over half of the respondents are aware of or have visited e-government websites, with nearly a third indicating they intend to use e-government websites in the future. Awareness of e-government websites was found to be significantly related to e-government website visitation. Internet experience and perceived access barriers were found not to be significantly related to e-government website visitation. This research enhances the understanding of visitation of e-government services among techno-disadvantaged citizens to encourage greater inclusion. The authors conclude by emphasizing the importance of a community organizing strategy to sustain e-government participation among the digitally disadvantaged.

Future Normative Challenges

2021 ◽  
pp. 750-768
Author(s):  
Eneken Tikk
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
International Security ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Information And Communication

The discussion of norms and international security ahead of us will be paved with fundamental differences between cyber superpowers—the United States, China and Russia—about the pace and direction of further adoption and use of information and communication technologies (ICTs). These differences, combined with dogmatic gaps between international and national law, and international and national policy, all constitute obvious apertures for malicious and hostile actors to achieve their goals. Our normative attention to ICTs needs to be both hard and soft, high and low, national and international, reactive and anticipatory, all at the same time.

Do Newspapers Enlighten Preferences? Personal Ideology, Party Choice and the Electoral Cycle: The United Kingdom, 1992-1997

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Andersen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Election Campaigns ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Party Choice ◽  
Electoral Cycle ◽  
Personal Ideology ◽  
Using Data

The Gelman-King theory of enlightened preferences holds that the mass media play an important role in enlightening vote choices during election campaigns in the United States. This article adapts this theory to the electoral cycle in Britain. It also expands the theory to consider the media's role in facilitating consistent attitudes. Using data from the 1992-1997 British Election Panel Study, the author finds that attitudinal consistency and enlightened party preferences were highest immediately following elections. Moreover, there were significant differences according to the type of newspapers voters read, with broadsheet readers being the most enlightened. These findings suggest that enlightened preferences theory has wider applicability than simply US election campaigns.

scholarly journals The Politics of (Dis)Information: Crippled America, the 25th Anniversary of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), and the 2016 U.S. Presidential Campaign

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie J Cork ◽  
Paul T Jaeger ◽  
Shannon Jette ◽  
Stefanie Ebrahimoff
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
National Level ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Presidential Campaign ◽  
Presidential Campaigns ◽  
25Th Anniversary ◽  
Information And Communication

Politics – especially presidential campaigns – are an important means by which to examine the values and issues that are given priority by members of a society and the people who wish to be leaders of that society. The issues discussed in a campaign, and the ways in which they are discussed, reveal much about social attitudes and policy goals. In the past twenty years, information and communication technologies have become simultaneously central policy issues at the national level (access, privacy, security, etc.) and the main channels by which candidates engage their supporters (Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, etc.). In this paper we examine both of these roles of information and communication technologies in the 2016 presidential campaign in the United States through the lens of disability issues. This particular focus was driven by: the occurrence of the 25th Anniversary of the American with Disabilities Act during the first year of the campaign, and, more significantly, the intersection of disability, information, and technology as a major civil rights issue for people with disabilities, who represent nearly one-fifth of the population of the United States. For this study we collected and analyzed campaign materials released online about disability issues by selected presidential campaigns, as well as news stories and other related Web content, to better understand the issues related to disability being discussed in the campaign and implications of those issues for people with disabilities.

scholarly journals When Equity Matters for Marital Stability: Comparing German and American Couples

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Bellani ◽  
Gøsta Esping Andersen ◽  
Léa Pessin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Marital Stability ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
West Germany ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Stable Arrangement

Comparing West Germany and the United States, we analyze the association between equity - in terms of the relative gender division of paid and unpaid work hours – and the risk of marriage dissolution. Our aim is to identify under what conditions equity influences couple stability. We apply event-history analysis to marriage histories using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel for Western Germany and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics for the United States for the period 1986 to 2009. For the United States, we find that deviation from equity is particularly destabilizing when the wife under-benefits, and when both partners' paid work hours are similar. In West Germany, equity is less salient. Instead we find that the male breadwinner model remains the single most stable arrangement.

ICT Standards Management

2018 ◽  
pp. 304-312
Author(s):  
Michael B. Spring
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Historical Management

This chapter explores opportunities to manage standards and standardization with a particular focus on the information and communication technologies (ICT) sector. It looks at the historical “management” of standards primarily in the United States, highlighting government and industrial approaches and the forces that have shaped the management process. It then turns to the current pressures and forces facing the management of ICT standards and standardization and makes some suggestions for activities that might enhance the management of standards.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document