scholarly journals When Equity Matters for Marital Stability: Comparing German and American Couples

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Bellani ◽  
Gøsta Esping Andersen ◽  
Léa Pessin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Marital Stability ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
West Germany ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Stable Arrangement

Comparing West Germany and the United States, we analyze the association between equity - in terms of the relative gender division of paid and unpaid work hours – and the risk of marriage dissolution. Our aim is to identify under what conditions equity influences couple stability. We apply event-history analysis to marriage histories using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel for Western Germany and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics for the United States for the period 1986 to 2009. For the United States, we find that deviation from equity is particularly destabilizing when the wife under-benefits, and when both partners' paid work hours are similar. In West Germany, equity is less salient. Instead we find that the male breadwinner model remains the single most stable arrangement.

scholarly journals When equity matters for marital stability

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 1273-1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Bellani ◽  
Gøsta Esping Andersen ◽  
Léa Pessin
Keyword(s):  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Marital Stability ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Male Breadwinner ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The U.S

Comparing West Germany and the U.S., we analyze the association between equity—in terms of the relative gender division of paid and unpaid work hours—and the risk of marriage dissolution. Our aim is to identify under what conditions equity influences couple stability. We apply event-history analysis to marriage histories using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel for West Germany and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics for the U.S. for the period 1986–2009/10. For the U.S., we find that deviation from equity is particularly destabilizing when the wife underbenefits, especially when both partners’ paid work hours are similar. In West Germany, equity is less salient. Instead, we find that the male breadwinner model remains the single most stable couple arrangement.

Migration and the Internet

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas John Cooke ◽  
Ian Shuttleworth
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Dynamics Models

It is widely presumed that information and communication technologies, or ICTs, enable migration in several ways; primarily by reducing the costs of migration. However, a reconsideration of the relationship between ICTs and migration suggests that ICTs may just as well hinder migration; primarily by reducing the costs of not moving.  Using data from the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics, models that control for sources of observed and unobserved heterogeneity indicate a strong negative effect of ICT use on inter-state migration within the United States. These results help to explain the long-term decline in internal migration within the United States.

scholarly journals Tenure, Turnover, And Earnings Profiles In Germany And The United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth A. Couch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Job Turnover ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Employment Tenure ◽  
Returns To Experience ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Male Workers

Employment tenure, job turnover and returns to general and specific skills are examined for male workers in Germany and the United States using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics.  Employment in Germany is characterized by longer duration and less frequent turnover than in the United States.  Returns to experience and tenure are lower in Germany than in the U.S.; however, peak earnings occur later.  This delayed peak in the employment-earnings profile provides an incentive for German workers to remain longer with their employers and change jobs less frequently.

The Population Ecology of Interest Group Death: Gay and Lesbian Rights Interest Groups in the United States, 1945–98

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTHONY J. NOWNES ◽  
DANIEL LIPINSKI
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Population Ecology ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Event History ◽  
Gay And Lesbian ◽  
Advocacy Groups ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Probability Of Death

An event-history analysis of the disbandings of nationally active gay and lesbian rights advocacy groups in the United States for the period 1945–98 is presented. Specifically, the hypothesis (which comes from population-ecology theory) is tested that the survival prospects of gay and lesbian rights interest groups are related non-monotonically to the number of groups in the population (i.e., density). The statistical analyses presented support the hypothesis: as density rises from near zero to high, the death rate first decreases but eventually increases. Several other hypotheses are also tested, and among the findings is the following: the survival prospects of gay and lesbian rights interest groups are related non-monotonically to group age – as group age increases, a group's probability of death first rises but then decreases.

Do Newspapers Enlighten Preferences? Personal Ideology, Party Choice and the Electoral Cycle: The United Kingdom, 1992-1997

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Andersen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Election Campaigns ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Party Choice ◽  
Electoral Cycle ◽  
Personal Ideology ◽  
Using Data

The Gelman-King theory of enlightened preferences holds that the mass media play an important role in enlightening vote choices during election campaigns in the United States. This article adapts this theory to the electoral cycle in Britain. It also expands the theory to consider the media's role in facilitating consistent attitudes. Using data from the 1992-1997 British Election Panel Study, the author finds that attitudinal consistency and enlightened party preferences were highest immediately following elections. Moreover, there were significant differences according to the type of newspapers voters read, with broadsheet readers being the most enlightened. These findings suggest that enlightened preferences theory has wider applicability than simply US election campaigns.

Continuity and Discontinuity in Illicit Drug Use: Patterns and Antecedents

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finn-Aage Esbensen ◽  
Delbert S. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Youth Survey ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Drug Use Patterns ◽  
National Probability Sample

Drug research has tended to focus on initiation and progressions of use. In this article we employ event history analysis to test a social learning model to identify factors associated with both the onset and discontinuity of drug use. Eight waves of the National Youth Survey (NYS), a panel study of a national probability sample of youth in the United States, provide fourteen years (1976–1989) of drug use information for 1,172 respondents aged eleven through thirty. Results include the following: once initiation has occurred, drug use is maintained for an extended time; demographic characteristics have very little effect on either initiation or desistance of drug use; variables representing social learning theory are more important in accounting for initiation than discontinuity of drug use; and life events such as marriage and becoming a parent increase the odds of discontinuing drug use.

scholarly journals An Event History Analysis of Latin American Migrant Coupleses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maite Michell Gómez-Gómez ◽  
Adriana Carolina Silva-Arias ◽  
Jaime Andrés Sarmiento-Espinel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Event History ◽  
Reproductive Decisions ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Migration Event

The purpose of this paper was to study the association between migration and reproductive decisions in Mexico, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, and Colombia. An event history analysis was used to study the fertility and migration decisions made by a sample of couples from those countries. This study found a disruption in fertility before migrating. After the migration event and settlement, fertility increased to the same levels as the place of origin for migrants who stayed longer at their destination, particularly for those who migrated to the United States. Couples in which only the man migrated had a higher migratory prevalence. These men were young and had low human capital. Although the proportion of couples in which both members migrated was low, those couples stayed longer at their destination and their fertility disruption before migrating was highest.

White Men Can’t Jump, but Does It Even Matter? Exit Discrimination in the NBA

Social Forces ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davon Norris ◽  
Corey Moss-Pech
Keyword(s):  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
The United States ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Worker Performance ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Diffuse status characteristics, such as race and gender, affect individuals’ professional opportunities and outcomes. Scholars suggest two possible explanations for these status disparities. First, uncertainty in measuring workers’ performances forces employers to rely on status as a heuristic or proxy for quality. Second, a history of racism and sexism in the United States creates a deeper cultural devaluation of low-status individuals that permeates organizational structures such that status advantage would persist even after accounting for observed worker performance. However, researchers struggle to accurately and objectively measure worker performance, making it difficult to adjudicate between these two perspectives. We overcome this problem using the case of the National Basketball Association (NBA) in which detailed player statistics are widely available to the public and decision makers. We analyze whether there is a racial disparity in the odds of exiting the league using discrete-time event history analysis. Using data from 1980–2017, we demonstrate that after accounting for player performance, Black players have 30% higher odds of exiting the league in a given season. We find this disparity is mostly driven by White bench players allowing us to elucidate how Whiteness operates as a credential in the NBA by giving marginal White players benefits such as longer careers than comparable Black players. These findings demonstrate that racial disparities in workplaces may persist even once performance is captured and in cases like the NBA where we might expect racial disparities to be minimized.

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