Verstaatlichung und Entschädigung in Österreich

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lex Bleckmann
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Force ◽  
Controversial Topic ◽  
Power And Influence ◽  
Large Enterprises

Umfassende Aufarbeitung des österreichischen Enteignungsrechts anhand der Causa Bleckmann Die Verstaatlichung von Unternehmen spielte in der Zweiten Republik eine bedeutende Rolle. In den Jahren 1946 und 1947 wurden zahlreiche Großbetriebe, unter anderem die Schoeller-Bleckmann Stahlwerke AG, per Gesetz verstaatlicht - und ab 1993 wieder privatisiert. Damit ging ein denkwürdiges Kapitel österreichischer Industriegeschichte zu Ende. Die Brisanz dieses kontroversen Themas hierzulande besteht aber fort. Stets ist es dabei um Geld, Macht und Einfluss gegangen. Und auch heute - 75 Jahre später - ist die Aufarbeitung der Verstaatlichung in Österreich noch nicht abgeschlossen. Welche juristische Dimension damit verbunden ist, beleuchtet die vorliegende Monografie. The nationalization of enterprises played an important role in the Austrian 2nd Republic. In the years 1946 and 1947 numerous large enterprises, Schoeller-Bleckman Stahlwerke AG among others were nationalized per law - and from 1993 again privatized. With it ended a memorable chapter of Austrian industry. The explosive force of this controversial topic in Austria continues until today. It has always been about money, power and influence. Until today – 75 years later – the reappraisal of nationalization in Austria has still not been closed. Which juridical dimension is linked therewith is highlighted in the submitted monography.

Approaches for TEM imaging of cavitation in toughened nylon

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Polymer Systems ◽  
Selective Staining ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Rubber Toughened ◽  
Shear Yield ◽  
Controversial Topic ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Diamond Knife

A controversial topic in the study of structure-property relationships of toughened polymer systems is the internal cavitation of toughener particles resulting from damage on impact or tensile deformation.Detailed observations of the influence of morphological characteristics such as particle size distribution on deformation mechanisms such as shear yield and cavitation could provide valuable guidance for selection of processing conditions, but TEM observation of damaged zones presents some experimental difficulties.Previously published TEM images of impact fractured toughened nylon show holes but contrast between matrix and toughener is lacking; other systems investigated have clearly shown cavitated impact modifier particles. In rubber toughened nylon, the physical characteristics of cavitated material differ from undamaged material to the extent that sectioning of heavily damaged regions by cryoultramicrotomy with a diamond knife results in sections of greater than optimum thickness (Figure 1). The detailed morphology is obscured despite selective staining of the rubber phase using the ruthenium trichloride route to ruthenium tetroxide.

A Review of the Role of Cue Processing in Task Switching

2013 ◽  
Vol 221 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Jost ◽  
Wouter De Baene ◽  
Iring Koch ◽  
Marcel Brass
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Task Switching ◽  
Task Switch ◽  
Task Set ◽  
Switch Costs ◽  
Set Switching ◽  
Controversial Topic ◽  
Cue Encoding ◽  
Cue Processing

The role of cue processing has become a controversial topic in research on cognitive control using task-switching procedures. Some authors suggested a priming account to explain switch costs as a form of encoding benefit when the cue from the previous trial is repeated and hence challenged theories that attribute task-switch costs to task-set (re)configuration. A rich body of empirical evidence has evolved that indeed shows that cue-encoding repetition priming is an important component in task switching. However, these studies also demonstrate that there are usually substantial “true” task-switch costs. Here, we review this behavioral, electrophysiological, and brain imaging evidence. Moreover, we describe alternative approaches to the explicit task-cuing procedure, such as the usage of transition cues or the task-span procedure. In addition, we address issues related to the type of cue, such as cue transparency. We also discuss methodological and theoretical implications and argue that the explicit task-cuing procedure is suitable to address issues of cognitive control and task-set switching.

Wage Disparity between Large Enterprises and SMEs in Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-261
Author(s):  
Yuichi TAKAYASU
Keyword(s):  
Large Enterprises

Varietal potential of winter wheat in the Kursk region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pigorev I. Ya. Pigorev I. Ya. ◽  
◽  
V.A. Kudinov V.A. ◽  
I.V. Ichkov I.V.
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Kursk Region ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties ◽  
Large Enterprises

the range of winter wheat varieties in the conditions of sown areas of the Kursk region is considered. The analysis of the varieties used with the priorities and volumes of crops in large enterprises and small business entities of the agro-industrial complex is given.

Conditions for Benchmarking Implementation and its Use in Enterprises in North-Eastern Poland

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-142
Author(s):  
Joanna Dynowska ◽  
Małgorzata Cygańska
Keyword(s):  
North Eastern ◽  
Labour Input ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Barriers To Implementation ◽  
Large Enterprises

Determining the scope and extent of the use of benchmarking in the surveyed enterprises from the province of Warmia and Mazury was the main goal of this paper. The surveys conducted showed that benchmarking is not used on a wide scale in Poland. This method was applied by only 17% of the enterprises surveyed. Those were mainly large enterprises in which the value of assets exceeds EUR 5 million. The high costs to the enterprises and labour input required for implementation, as well as maintaining the method in the enterprise were the main barriers to implementation of the method in enterprises. 

Underground waterlines

Focaal ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Denys Gorbach
Keyword(s):  
Macro Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
Economic Boom ◽  
Labor Hoarding ◽  
Large Enterprises

In order to explore factors conditioning the political quietude of Ukrainian labor, this article analyzes ethnographic data collected at two large enterprises: the Kyiv Metro and the privatized electricity supplier Kyivenergo. Focusing on a recent labor conflict, I unpack various contexts condensed in it. I analyze the hegemonic configuration developed in the early 1990s, at the workplace and at the macro level, and follow its later erosion. This configuration has been based on labor hoarding, distribution of nonwage resources, and patronage networks, featuring the foreman as the nodal figure. On the macro scale, it relied on the mediation by unions, supported by resources accumulated during the Soviet era and the economic boom of the 2000s. The depletion of these resources has spelled the ongoing crisis of this configuration.

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