217. Design and Operation of a Popcorn Butter Flavoring Inhalation Exposure System

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Goldsmith ◽  
D. Frazer ◽  
W. McKinney ◽  
W. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Exposure System

scholarly journals Generation and Characterization of Indoor Fungal Aerosols for Inhalation Studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (8) ◽  
pp. 2479-2493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Mette Madsen ◽  
Søren T. Larsen ◽  
Ismo K. Koponen ◽  
Kirsten I. Kling ◽  
Afnan Barooni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Exposure System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Water Damage

ABSTRACTIn the indoor environment, people are exposed to several fungal species. Evident dampness is associated with increased respiratory symptoms. To examine the immune responses associated with fungal exposure, mice are often exposed to a single species grown on an agar medium. The aim of this study was to develop an inhalation exposure system to be able to examine responses in mice exposed to mixed fungal species aerosolized from fungus-infested building materials. Indoor airborne fungi were sampled and cultivated on gypsum boards. Aerosols were characterized and compared with aerosols in homes. Aerosols containing 107CFU of fungi/m3air were generated repeatedly from fungus-infested gypsum boards in a mouse exposure chamber. Aerosols containedAspergillus nidulans,Aspergillus niger,Aspergillus ustus,Aspergillus versicolor,Chaetomium globosum,Cladosporiumherbarum,Penicillium brevicompactum,Penicillium camemberti,Penicillium chrysogenum,Penicillium commune,Penicillium glabrum,Penicillium olsonii,Penicillium rugulosum,Stachybotrys chartarum, andWallemia sebi. They were all among the most abundant airborne species identified in 28 homes. Nine species from gypsum boards and 11 species in the homes are associated with water damage. Most fungi were present as single spores, but chains and clusters of different species and fragments were also present. The variation in exposure level during the 60 min of aerosol generation was similar to the variation measured in homes. Through aerosolization of fungi from the indoor environment, cultured on gypsum boards, it was possible to generate realistic aerosols in terms of species composition, concentration, and particle sizes. The inhalation-exposure system can be used to study responses to indoor fungi associated with water damage and the importance of fungal species composition.

scholarly journals An Inhalation Exposure System for the Oil Dispersant COREXIT® EC9500A

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Travis Goldsmith ◽  
Walter McKinney ◽  
Mark Jackson ◽  
Brandon Law ◽  
Toni Bledsoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Exposure System ◽  
Oil Dispersant

Optimization of the Vitrocell 24/48 in vitro inhalation exposure system for nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
Vol 295 ◽  
pp. S79
Author(s):  
E. Frijns ◽  
J. Van Laer ◽  
A. Jacobs ◽  
S. Verstraelen
Keyword(s):  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Exposure System

scholarly journals Development, Characterization, and Standardization of a Nose-Only Inhalation Exposure System for Exposure of Rabbits to Small-Particle Aerosols ContainingFrancisella tularensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine J. O’Malley ◽  
Jennifer D. Bowling ◽  
Eileen M. Barry ◽  
Karsten R. O. Hazlett ◽  
Douglas S. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Exposure System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Schu S4

ABSTRACTInhalation ofFrancisella tularensiscauses pneumonic tularemia in humans, a severe disease with a 30 to 60% mortality rate. The reproducible delivery of aerosolized virulent bacteria in relevant animal models is essential for evaluating medical countermeasures. Here we developed optimized protocols for infecting New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits with aerosols containingF. tularensis. We evaluated the relative humidity, aerosol exposure technique, and bacterial culture conditions to optimize the spray factor (SF), a central metric of aerosolization. This optimization reduced both inter- and intraday variability and was applicable to multiple isolates ofF. tularensis. Further improvements in the accuracy and precision of the inhaled pathogen dose were achieved through enhanced correlation of the bacterial culture optical density and the number of CFU. Plethysmograph data collected during exposures found that respiratory function varied considerably between rabbits, was not a function of weight, and did not improve with acclimation to the system. Live vaccine strain (LVS)-vaccinated rabbits were challenged via aerosol with human-virulentF. tularensisSCHU S4 that had been cultivated in either Mueller-Hinton broth (MHB) or brain heart infusion (BHI) broth. LVS-vaccinated animals challenged with SCHU S4 that had been cultivated in MHB experienced short febrile periods (median, 3.2 days), limited weight loss (<5%), and longer median survival times (∼18 days) that were significantly different from those for unvaccinated controls. In contrast, LVS-vaccinated rabbits challenged with SCHU S4 that had been cultivated in BHI experienced longer febrile periods (median, 5.5 days) and greater weight loss (>10%) than the unvaccinated controls and median survival times that were not significantly different from those for the unvaccinated controls. These studies highlight the importance of careful characterization and optimization of protocols for aerosol challenge with pathogenic agents.

Development of a hydrogen cyanide inhalation exposure system and determination of the inhaled median lethal dose in the swine model

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian M. Staugler ◽  
Michael C. Babin ◽  
M. Claire Matthews ◽  
Matthew K. Brittain ◽  
Mark R. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Swine Model ◽  
Exposure System ◽  
Median Lethal Dose

Development and characterization of a resistance spot welding aerosol generator and inhalation exposure system

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 708-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliakbar Afshari ◽  
Patti C. Zeidler-Erdely ◽  
Walter McKinney ◽  
Bean T. Chen ◽  
Mark Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Spot Welding ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Exposure System ◽  
Resistance Spot ◽  
Aerosol Generator

A Nose-Only Inhalation Exposure System For The Delivery Of Dry Fungal Spores (Aspergillus Fumigatus)

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
William T. Goldsmith ◽  
Walter McKinney ◽  
Amanda D. Buskirk ◽  
Brett J. Green ◽  
Don Beezhold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Exposure System
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document