COMBINING ABILITY FOR INHERITANCE OF ECONOMIC TRAITS IN OPIUM POPPY (Papaver somniferum L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
B. Kumar ◽  
N. K. Patra
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Papaver Somniferum ◽  
Opium Poppy ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Parental Material ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) is an important medicinal plant produces more than 80 alkaloids obtained from the capsules and straw of the plant. The estimate of combining ability gives an indication of the genetic behaviour of the parental material. It is therefore, desirable to select the parents for hybridization on the basis of their per se performance and combining ability effects. The F1, F2 and their reciprocals of an eight parent diallel cross in opium poppy were studied for combining ability of seven economic traits. The mean sum of squares due to GCA, SCA and reciprocals were significant for all the traits. The magnitude of GCA variances were invariably higher than those of SCA and thus indicating the preponderance of non-additive genetic variances, which was further affirmed by the measure of average degree of dominance i.e. ?(?2s/? 2g).  Among the parents VN35I for plant height, Sanchita and VG26 for capsules per plant, VN23, VN35I and Vivek for capsule index, VG26 and Sanchita for seed and straw yield per plant, and VN35I and VG20 for morphine content were found good general combiners. Earliness being a desired trait, parent VG20 having significant negative GCA estimates coupled with per se performance can be considered as good general combiner for early flowering. Inclusion of good general combiners in a multiple crossing program or an inter-mating population involving all possible crosses among them subjected to bi-parental mating may be expected to offer maximum promise in breeding for economic traits.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v24i2.17000

HETEROSIS, COMBINING ABILITY, AND PREDICTED SYNTHETICS FROM A DIALLEL CROSS IN SUNFLOWERS (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.)

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Putt
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Seed Characters ◽  
Mature Weight

Heterosis occurred for the eight plant and seed characters studied. It was most frequent for yield of seed and height of plant. Mean squares for general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) were significant (P =.01) for all characters. The estimated components for gca were greater than for sca for days to mature, weight per bushel, and percent oil in the seed; less for height and yield of seed; and essentially the same for days to bloom, diameter of head, and weight per 1000 seeds.The yield of seed and percent oil in the seed, for the highest ranking 100 synthetics that could be composed from the 10 lines, was predicted in F6 assuming 50 and 60% outcrossing between F2 and F6. Virtually all values exceeded the mean performance of four check samples of commercial hybrids. Many exceeded the highest rank check for oil content in the seed. Fourteen of the highest ranking 100 synthetics for yield and 30 for oil content consisted of two or three lines. It was concluded that synthetics can be superior to the present hybrids in heterosis and that desirable synthetics can be made from only a few lines.

scholarly journals Heterosis, Combining Ability, Genetic Diversity and their Interrelationship in Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Chandra ◽  
S.K. Verma ◽  
A.K. Gaur ◽  
C. Bisht ◽  
A. Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Correlation Result ◽  
Per Se

Background: The development of superior hybrids is must to break the existing yield plateau ( less than 800 kg/ha) in pigeonpea and hence, the genetic mechanism governing the heterosis in pigeonpea must be decoded. Methods: The present study was laid down using randomized block design during kharif 2018-19 at GBPUAT, Pantnagar with 36 genotypes (8 parents and 28 F1 hybrids) of pigeonpea. The estimates of combining ability were evaluated by using the Griffing’s, Method II, Model I. The observations recorded for yield and related traits were subjected to the estimation of genetic diversity (GD) using the D2 statistics. The correlation between heterosis and different parameters viz., parental mean (PM), specific combining ability (SCA), mean of general combining ability (MGCA) and genetic diversity (GD) were estimated by using Pearson’s correlation. Result: High estimates of SCA variance and more than unity ( greater than 1) average degree of dominance for all the characters indicated the presence of over dominance. The SCA followed by MGCA were found to be most reliable parameters to predict the heterosis. The parents having high x low or high x high per se performance, good x poor GCA effects and with medium genetic diversity resulted in high frequency of heterotic hybrids.

CHARACTERISTICS OF TOBACCO FROM CROSSES BETWEEN BURLEY AND FLUE-CURED CULTIVARS

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronius Povilaitis
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Subjective Rating ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Total Alkaloids ◽  
Complete Diallel Cross ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cross Test

Four burley and four flue-cured tobacco cultivars were selfed and crossed in all possible combinations to produce seed for a complete diallel cross test which was grown in 1965. Burley parents and burley × burley entries were omitted from the test in 1967 and only selected burley × flue crosses and their flue-cured parent were grown in 1968.Mean squares for the general combining ability were significant for yield, lamina weight, filling value, total alkaloids and reducing sugars, and non-significant for total nitrogen content. The mean squares for specific combining ability were significant for all six characters, suggesting that in the inheritance of these characters, additivity and dominance are both important. Heterosis effects for yield, lamina weight and reducing sugars were significant, but non-significant for days to flower and total alkaloids. The burley × flue hybrids gave considerably higher yields than their flue-cured parental cultivars. Lamina weight and the reducing sugar content of the hybrids was lower than the flue-cured tobacco cultivars. The subjective rating of the hybrids for body, color and texture of the cured leaf gave lower values than those assigned to the flue-cured parents.

scholarly journals Combining ability of opium poppy genotypes over F1 and F2 generations of 8x8 diallel cross

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.K. Yadav ◽  
K.N. Maurya ◽  
S. Shukla ◽  
S.P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Opium Poppy

scholarly journals The partial circulant diallel cross at the interpopulation level

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
José B. Miranda Filho ◽  
Roland Vencovsky
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Alternative Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Partial Diallel

The partial circulant diallel cross mating scheme of Kempthorne and Curnow (Biometrics 17: 229-250, 1961) was adapted for the evaluation of genotypes in crosses at the interpopulation level. Considering a random sample of n lines from base population I, and that each line is crossed with s lines from opposite population II, there will be ns sampled crosses that are evaluated experimentally. The means of the ns sampled crosses and the remaining n(n - s) crosses can be predicted by the reduced model <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/0291e1.gif" align="absmiddle"> where Yij is the mean of the cross between line i (i = 1,2,...,n) of population I and line j (j = 1',2',...,n') of population II; µ is the general mean, and gi and gj refer to general combining ability effects of lines from populations I and II, respectively. Specific combining ability (Sij) is estimated by the difference <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/0291e2.gif" align="absmiddle">. The sequence of crosses for each line (i) is [i x j], [i x (j + 1)], [i x (j + 2)], ..., [i x (j + s -1)], starting with i = j = 1 for convenience. Any j + s -1 > n is reduced by subtracting n. A prediction procedure is suggested by changing gi and gj by the contrasts <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_ti.gif" alt="s_ti.gif (188 bytes)"> i = <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_ytra.gif" alt="s_ytra.gif (986 bytes)"> i. - <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_ytra.gif" align="absmiddle"> .. and <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_ti.gif" align="absmiddle">j = <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_ytra.gif" align="absmiddle">.j - <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_ytra.gif" align="absmiddle">..; the correlation coefficient (r) was used to compare the efficiency of <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_gtil.gif" align="absmiddle">'s and <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_tiac.gif" align="absmiddle">'s for selection of lines and crosses. The analysis of variance is performed with the complete model Yij = µ + gi + gj + sij + <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_e_.gif" align="absmiddle">ij, and the sum of squares due to general combining ability is considered for each population separately. An alternative analysis of variance is proposed for estimation of the variance components at the interpopulation level. An analysis of ear length of maize in a partial diallel cross with n = 10 and s = 3 was used for illustration. For the 30 interpopulation crosses analyzed the coefficient of determination (R2), involving observed and estimated hybrid means, was high for the reduced (g) model [R2 (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_yac.gif" align="absmiddle">ij, Yij) = 0.960] and smaller for the simplified (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_ti.gif" align="absmiddle">) model [R2 (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_yac.gif" align="absmiddle">ij, Yij) = 0.889]. Results indicated that the proposed procedure may furnish reliable estimates of means of hybrids not available in the partial diallel.

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